Tuftelin Explained

Tuftelin is an acidic phosphorylated glycoprotein found in tooth enamel. In humans, the tuftelin protein is encoded by the TUFT1 gene.^{[1] [2]} It is an acidic protein that is thought to play a role in dental enamel mineralization and is implicated in caries susceptibility. It is also thought to be involved with adaptation to hypoxia, mesenchymal stem cell function, and neurotrophin nerve growth factor mediated neuronal differentiation.^[3]

Classification

There are two kinds of enamel proteins: amelogenins and nonamelogenins. Tuftelin falls under nonamelogenins.^[4]

Function

This protein is formed for a short time during amelogenesis. The function of tuftelins is under contention, but it is proposed that it acts to start the mineralization process of enamel during tooth development.^{[5] [6]}

Other significant proteins in enamel are amelogenins, enamelins, and ameloblastins.

Research

The human encoding gene for tuftelin (TUFT1) was cloned by Profs. Danny Deutsch and Aharon Palmon from the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine in Jerusalem.^[2]

Interactions

Tuftelin has been shown to interact with TFIP11.^[7]

Further reading

• Deutsch D, Leiser Y, Shay B, etal . The human tuftelin gene and the expression of tuftelin in mineralizing and nonmineralizing tissues.. Connect. Tissue Res. . 43 . 2–3 . 425–34 . 2003 . 12489194 . 10.1080/03008200290001186. 12764804.
• Deutsch D, Palmon A, Young MF, etal . Mapping of the human tuftelin (TUFT1) gene to chromosome 1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Mamm. Genome . 5 . 7 . 461–2 . 1994 . 7919663 . 10.1007/BF00357011 . 20041600.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene. 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, etal . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Paine CT, Paine ML, Luo W, etal . A tuftelin-interacting protein (TIP39) localizes to the apical secretory pole of mouse ameloblasts. J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 29 . 22284–92 . 2000 . 10806191 . 10.1074/jbc.M000118200 . free .
• Bashir MM, Abrams WR, Tucker T, etal . Molecular cloning and characterization of the bovine and human tuftelin genes . Connect. Tissue Res. . 39 . 1–3 . 13–24; discussion 63–7 . 2000 . 11062985 . 10.3109/03008209809023908 .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination . Genome Res. . 10 . 11 . 1788–95 . 2001 . 11076863 . 10.1101/gr.143000 . 310948 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, etal . Toward a Catalog of Human Genes and Proteins: Sequencing and Analysis of 500 Novel Complete Protein Coding Human cDNAs . Genome Res. . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . 2001 . 11230166 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R . 311072 .
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, etal . Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing . EMBO Rep. . 1 . 3 . 287–92 . 2001 . 11256614 . 10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058 . 1083732 .
• Mao Z, Shay B, Hekmati M, etal . The human tuftelin gene: cloning and characterization . Gene . 279 . 2 . 181–96. 2002 . 11733143 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00749-1 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, etal . The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment . Genome Res. . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . 2003 . 12975309 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 . 403697 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet.. 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, etal . From ORFeome to Biology: A Functional Genomics Pipeline . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B. 2136–44 . 2004 . 15489336 . 10.1101/gr.2576704 . 528930 .
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, etal . The LIFEdb database in 2006 . Nucleic Acids Res. . 34 . Database issue. D415–8 . 2006 . 16381901 . 10.1093/nar/gkj139 . 1347501 .
• Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, etal . The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1 . Nature . 441. 7091 . 315–21 . 2006 . 16710414 . 10.1038/nature04727 . 2006Natur.441..315G . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: TUFT1 tuftelin 1.
2. Deutsch D, Palmon A, Young MF, Selig S, Kearns WG, Fisher LW . Mapping of the human tuftelin (TUFT1) gene to chromosome 1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization . Mamm. Genome . 5 . 7 . 461–2 . July 1994 . 7919663 . 10.1007/BF00357011. 20041600 .
3. Web site: TUFT1 tuftelin 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI]. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2018-03-05.
4. Book: Nanci, Antonio. Ten Cate's Oral Histology - E-Book: Development, Structure, and Function. 2017-08-15. Elsevier Health Sciences. 9780323485180. en.
5. Deutsch D . Structure and function of enamel gene products . Anat. Rec. . 224 . 2 . 189–210 . June 1989 . 2672884 . 10.1002/ar.1092240209 . 37887565 .
6. Deutsch D, Palmon A, Fisher LW, Kolodny N, Termine JD, Young MF . Sequencing of bovine enamelin ("tuftelin") a novel acidic enamel protein . J. Biol. Chem. . 266 . 24 . 16021–8 . August 1991 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)98510-8 . 1874744 . free .
7. Paine . C T . Paine M L . Luo W . Okamoto C T . Lyngstadaas S P . Snead M L . July 2000 . A tuftelin-interacting protein (TIP39) localizes to the apical secretory pole of mouse ameloblasts . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 29 . 22284–92 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9258. 10806191 . 10.1074/jbc.M000118200 . free .