| Post: | President |
| Body: | the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China |
| Insigniasize: | 100 |
| Flag: | P.R.C Court Insignia.svg |
| Flagcaption: | Emblem of the Supreme People's Court |
| Termlength: | Five years, renewable once consecutively |
| Nominator: | Presidium of the National People's Congress |
| Appointer: | National People's Congress |
| Incumbent: | Zhang Jun |
| Incumbentsince: | 11 March 2023 |
| Department: | Supreme People's Court |
| Reports To: | National People's Congress and its Standing Committee |
| Member Of: | Supreme People's Court |
| Seat: | Beijing |
| Native Name: | 中华人民共和国最高人民法院院长 |
| Deputy: | Vice President of the Supreme People's Court |
| First: | Shen Junru |
| Status: | Deputy-national leader level official |
| Constituting Instrument: | Constitution of China |
| S: | 中华人民共和国最高人民法院院长 |
| T: | 中華人民共和國最高人民法院院長 |
| P: | Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Zuìgāo Rénmín Fǎyuàn Yuànzhǎng |
| Also Known As: | Chief Justice of the People's Republic of China |
| S2: | 中华人民共和国首席大法官 |
| T2: | 中華人民共和國首席大法官 |
| P2: | Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Shǒuxídà Fǎguān |
| Order: | st |
The president of the Supreme People's Court is the head of the Supreme People's Court and is the highest-ranking official in the Chinese judiciary.
Under the current constitution, the president of the SPC is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the National People's Congress (NPC), the legislature. The president also serves ex officio as the chief justice of the People's Republic of China. The incumbent president of the Supreme People's Court is Zhang Jun, who took office on 11 March 2023.
The Supreme People's Court of the Central People's Government was established on 1 October 1949. Shen Junru served as the first president by the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.[1]
On 27 September 1954, the SPC of the Central People's Government was replaced with the SPC of the People's Republic of China.
According to the Organic Law of the National People's Congress (NPC), constitutionally China's highest organ of state power, the president is nominated by the NPC Presidium, the Congress's executive organ.[2] However, the nomination is effectively made by the Chinese Communist Party, with the decisions being made among Party leaders.[3] Although the Presidium could theoretically nominate multiple candidates for the presidency, leading the election to be competitive, it has always nominated a single candidate for the office.
After the nomination, the president is elected by the NPC, which also has the power to remove the president and other state officers from office. Elections and removals are decided by majority vote.[4] The length of the president's term of office is the same as the NPC, which is 5 years, and the president is restricted to two consecutive terms. Since 2018, the president is required to recite the constitutional oath of office before assuming office.
According to the Judges Law of the People's Republic of China, the president of the SPC is the chief justice of the People's Republic of China.[5]
| No. | Chairperson | NPC term | Took office | Left office | Political Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| President of the Supreme People's Court of the Central People's Government | ||||||
| 1 | 沈钧儒 | N/A | October 1, 1949 | September 27, 1954 | China Democratic League (CDL) | |
| President of the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China | ||||||
| 2 | 董必武 | 1st | September 27, 1954 | April 27, 1959 | Chinese Communist Party (CCP) | |
| 3 | 谢觉哉 | 2nd | April 27, 1959 | January 3, 1965 | ||
| 4 | 杨秀峰 | 3rd | January 3, 1965 | January 20, 1975 | ||
| 5 | 江华 | 4th | January 20, 1975 | March 5, 1978 | ||
| 5th | March 5, 1978 | June 20, 1983 | ||||
| 6 | 郑天翔 | 6th | June 20, 1983 | April 9, 1988 | ||
| 7 | 任建新 | 7th | April 9, 1988 | March 28, 1993 | ||
| 8th | March 28, 1993 | March 17, 1998 | ||||
| 8 | 肖扬 | 9th | March 17, 1998 | March 16, 2003 | ||
| 10th | March 16, 2003 | March 16, 2008 | ||||
| 9 | 王胜俊 | 11th | March 16, 2008 | March 15, 2013 | ||
| 10 | 周强 | 12th | March 15, 2013 | March 18, 2018 | ||
| 13th | March 18, 2018 | March 11, 2023 | ||||
| 11 | 张军 | 14th | March 11, 2023 | Incumbent | ||