Mixed teams at the Olympics explained

Mixed teams at the Olympics should not be confused with Mixed-NOCs at the Youth Olympics.

In the early editions of the Modern Olympic Games, individuals from different nations were allowed to compete as a team. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) grouped their results together under the mixed team designation.^[1]

Until 2024, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) considered all teams in which athletes from different countries competed in the early Modern Olympic Games as mixed teams and used the IOC code ZZX to designate such teams. A total of 25 medals were awarded to the mixed teams in the first three Summer Olympic Games, from 1896 to 1904 and a single medal was awarded in the 1924 Winter Olympic Games.

In 2024, the IOC changed the definition of such mixed teams. It reallocated medals won by a team, which had represented a club of a particular country at the Olympics to the corresponding country, even if the team included foreign athletes. Only medals won by those teams in which athletes from different countries participated together only for the duration of the Olympics and did not belong to a single club of any country are currently designated under mixed teams. The IOC uses a new IOC code XXB to designate mixed teams under the new criteria. As per the revised definition, a total of ten medals are listed as won by mixed teams.^{[2] [3]}

Medal table

See also: All-time Olympic Games medal table.

Medals by Games

Games	Medallists	Country	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total	Rank
			1	0	1	2	11[4]
			1	2	3	6	10[5]
			1	0	0	1	11[6]
			1	0	0	1	8[7]
Total	46		4	2	4	10

Medals by sport

Sport	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
	1	2	3	6
	1	0	0	1
Alpinism	1	0	0	1
	0	0	1	1
	1	0	0	1
Total	4	2	4	10

Medalists

Medal	Games	Sport	Event	Medalists	Reference
Gold		Tennis	Men's doubles	John Boland (GBR), Fritz Traun (GER)	[8]
Gold		Tug of War	Men's Team	Edgar Aabye (DEN), Eugen Schmidt (DEN), Charles Winckler (DEN), August Nilsson (SWE), Gustaf Söderström (SWE), Karl Staaf (SWE)	[9]
Gold		Fencing	Foil Team men	Ramón Fonst (CUB), Manuel Díaz (CUB), Albertson Van Zo Post (USA)	[10]
Gold		Alpinism	Men's team	1922 British Mount Everest expedition team	[11]
Silver		Tennis	Men's doubles	Max Decugis (FRA), Basil Spalding de Garmendia (USA)	[12]
Silver		Tennis	Mixed doubles	Yvonne Prévost (FRA), Harold Mahony (GBR)	[13]
Bronze		Tennis	Men's doubles	Edwin Flack (AUS), George Stuart Robertson (GBR)
Bronze		Polo	Men's team	Eustaquio de Escandón (MEX), Manuel de Escandón (MEX), Pablo de Escandón (MEX), Guillermo Hayden Wright (USA)
Bronze		Tennis	Mixed doubles	Marion Jones Farquhar (USA), Laurence Doherty (GBR)
Bronze		Tennis	Mixed doubles	Hedwiga Rosenbaumová (BOH), Archibald Warden (GBR)

Medals by nation combination

Nations	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
India	1	0	0	1
	0	1	0	1
	0	1	0	1
	0	0	1	1
	0	0	1	1
	0	0	1	1
	0	0	1	1
Total	4	2	4	10

Medal table (pre-2024)

Medals by Games

Games	Medalists	Country	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total medals	Rank
			1	0	1	2	11
			8	5	6	19	4
			2	1	1	4	6
			1	0	0	1	8
Total	144		12	6	8	26	55

Redistribution of medals in 2024

Team	Games	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
Mixed team		-7	-3	-3	-13
		3	2	2	7
		3	1	0	4
		1	0	0	1
		0	0	1	1
Mixed team		-1	-1	-1	-3
		1	1	1	3

Medals by sport

Sport	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
	1	1	1	3
	2	0	0	2
	1	2	3	6
	1	1	2	4
	1	1	0	2
	1	0	1	2
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
Alpinism	1	0	0	1
	0	1	0	1
	0	0	1	1
Total	11	6	8	26

List of medalists

The below table list only the medalists, whose medals were reclassified in 2024 by the IOC.

Medal	Name	Games	Sport	Event	Medalists	Reference
Gold	Great Britain		Polo	Men's team	Foxhunters Hurlingham GBR John Beresford,Denis St. George Daly,Alfred Rawlinson USA Foxhall Parker Keene,Frank MacKey	[14]
Gold	France		Rugby	Men's team	France national rugby team FRA A. Albert,Jean Collas,Charles Gondouin,Wladimir Aïtoff,Léon Binoche,Jean-Guy Gauthier,Auguste Giroux,Jean Hervé,Victor Larchandet,Hubert Lefèbvre,Joseph Olivier,Alexandre Pharamond,Frantz Reichel,André Rischmann,Emile Sarrade USA André Roosevelt HAI Constantin Henriquez	[15]
Gold	France			2 - 3 Ton Race One	William Exshaw (GBR), Frédéric Blanchy (FRA), Jacques Le Lavasseur (FRA)	[16]
Gold	France			2 - 3 Ton Race Two	William Exshaw (GBR), Frédéric Blanchy (FRA), Jacques Le Lavasseur (FRA)	[17]
Gold	Netherlands		Rowing	Rowing pair-oared shell with coxswain men	François Brandt (NED), Roelof Klein (NED), Hermanus Brockmann (NED), Unknown boy (FRA)	[18]
Gold	Great Britain		Athletics	5000m team men	Stan Rowley (AUS), Alfred Tysoe (GBR), Sidney Robinson (GBR), John Rimmer (GBR), Charles Bennett (GBR)	[19]
Gold	Great Britain		Water Polo	Men's team	Osborne Swimming Club of Manchester GBR Thomas Coe,Robert Crawshaw,William Henry,John Arthur Jarvis,Peter Kemp,Frederick Stapleton NZL Victor Lindberg	[20]
Gold	United States		Gymnastics	Artistic Team All-Around, Apparatus Work and Field Sports Men	Philadelphia Turngemeinde USA John Grieb,Anton Heida,Max Hess,Philip Kassel,Ernst Reckeweg AUT Julius Lenhart	[21]
Silver	Great Britain		Polo	Men's team	BLO Polo Club Rugby GBR Walter Buckmaster,Frederick Freake USA Walter McCreery FRA Jean de Madre
Silver	France		Cricket	Men's team	French Athletic Club Union FRA William Attrill,[22] F. Roques,[23] Philip Tomalin [24] GBR William Anderson,John Braid,W. Browning,Robert Horne,Timothée Jordan,Arthur MacEvoy,Douglas Robinson,A. J. Schneidau,Henry Terry	[25]
Silver	France		Tug of War	Men's team	Racing Club de France FRA Raymond Basset,Jean Collas,Charles Gondouin,Joseph Roffo,Émile Sarrade COL Francisco Henríquez de Zubiría
Silver	United States			4 miles team men	Chicago Athletic Association USA James Lightbody,William Frank Verner,Lacey Hearn,Sidney Hatch FRA Albert Corey	[26]
Bronze	France		Polo	Men's team	Bagatelle Polo Club de Paris FRA Robert Fournier-Sarlovèze,Maurice Raoul-Duval,Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild GBR Frederick Agnew Gill
Bronze	Belgium		Football	Men's team	Université de Bruxelles BEL Marius Delbecque,Raul Kelecom,Marcel Leboutte,Lucien Londot,Ernest Moreau de Melen,Eugène Neefs,Gustave Pelgrims,Alphonse Renier,Hilaire Spanoghe NED Hendrik van Heuckelum GBR Eric Thornton	[27]
Bronze	France		Water Polo	Men's team	Libellule de Paris FRA Jules Clévenot / Devenot,Alphonse Decuyper,Louis Laufray,Henri Peslier,Paul Vasseur,Auguste Pesloy GBR Bill Burgess
Bronze	United States		Tug of War	Men's team	Southwest Turnverein of St. Louis No. 2 USA Oscar Friede,Charles Harberkorn,Harry Jacobs,Charles Thias GER Frank Kugler	[28]

Medals by nation combination

Nations	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
	2	2	2	6
	1	0	1	2
	1	0	1	2
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	1	0	0	1
	0	2	0	2
	0	1	0	1
	0	1	0	1
	0	0	1	1
	0	0	1	1
	0	0	1	1
	0	0	1	1
Total	11	6	8	25

See also

• Australasia at the Olympics, a combined team consisting of Australian and New Zealand competitors, which competed at the 1908 and 1912 Olympic Games
• Unified Team at the Olympics, a combined team consisting of competitors from post-Soviet states, which competed at the 1992 Winter and Summer Olympics
• Independent Olympians at the Olympic Games
• Refugee Olympic Team at the Olympic Games
• Mixed-NOCs at the Youth Olympics

External links

• Web site: Olympic Results . International Olympic Committee .
• Web site: Mixed team . Olympedia.com .
• Web site: Olympic Analytics/ZZX . olympanalyt.com .

Notes and References

1. Book: Horne, J. . Whannel, G. . Understanding the Olympics. 2nd edition. 179 . London . . 2016 . 978-0-41555-836-5.
2. Web site: Athens 1896 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis. Olympics. 2024-09-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20240903184515/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/athens-1896/results/tennis/doubles-men. 2024-09-03.
3. Web site: Mixed team at the Olympics. Olympedia. 1 June 2024. 2 May 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240502013100/http://www.olympedia.org/countries/MIX. live.
4. Web site: Athens 1896 Olympic Medal Table. 8 August 2021. Olympics.com. 16 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210516220952/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/athens-1896/medals. live.
5. Web site: Paris 1900 Olympic Results. 8 August 2021. Olympics.com. 3 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210503142027/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results. live.
6. Web site: St. Louis 1904 Olympic Results. 8 August 2021. Olympics.com. 3 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210503214900/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/st-louis-1904/results. live.
7. Web site: Chamonix 1924 Olympic Medal table. 8 August 2021. Olympics.com. 31 July 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210731155229/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/chamonix-1924/medals. live.
8. Web site: Athens 1896 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis. 28 August 2021. Olympics.com. 7 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210807101359/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/athens-1896/results/tennis/doubles-men. live.
9. Web site: Paris 1900 tug of war men Results - Olympic tug-of-war. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032128/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/tug-of-war/tug-of-war-men. live.
10. Web site: St. Louis 1904 foil team men Results - Olympic fencing. 9 August 2021. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032130/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/st-louis-1904/results/fencing/foil-team-men. live.
11. Web site: Alpinism at the Olympics - 1924. 9 August 2021. Olympedia. 30 August 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240830130437/https://www.olympedia.org/sports/APN. live.
12. Web site: Paris 1900 doubles men Results - Olympic tennis. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032126/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/tennis/doubles-men. live.
13. Web site: Paris 1900 mixed doubles mixed Results - Olympic tennis. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032130/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/tennis/mixed-doubles-mixed. live.
14. Web site: Paris 1900 polo men Results - Olympic polo. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 10 July 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210710112126/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/polo/polo-men. live.
15. Web site: Paris 1900 rugby men Results - Olympic rugby. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 12 June 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210612163916/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/rugby/rugby-men. live.
16. Web site: Paris 1900 2-3t mixed Results - Olympic sailing. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032132/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/sailing/2-3t-mixed. live.
17. Web site: Paris 1900 2-3 Ton Race Two Open Results - Olympic sailing. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032126/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/sailing/2-3-ton-race-two-open. live.
18. Web site: Paris 1900 pair-oared shell with coxswain men Results - Olympic rowing. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 5 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210805131856/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/rowing/pair-oared-shell-with-coxswain-men. live.
19. Web site: Paris 1900 5000m team men Results - Olympic athletics. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 6 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210506141944/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/athletics/5000m-team-men. live.
20. Web site: Paris 1900 water polo men Results - Olympic water-polo. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032126/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/water-polo/water-polo-men. live.
21. Web site: St. Louis 1904 Team All-Around, Apparatus Work and Field Sports Men Results - Olympic gymnastics-artistic. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 30 July 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210730233920/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/st-louis-1904/results/gymnastics-artistic/team-all-around-apparatus-work-and-field-sports-men. live.
22. Web site: William Attrill. 2021-08-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20170629180458/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/at/william-attrill-1.html. 2017-06-29.
23. Web site: H. F. Roques. 2021-08-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20170726025649/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ro/h-f-roques-1.html. 2017-07-26.
24. Web site: Philip Tomalin. 2021-08-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20170630154807/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/to/philip-tomalin-1.html. 2017-06-30.
25. Web site: Paris 1900 cricket men Results - Olympic cricket. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 21 November 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055618/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/cricket/cricket-men. live.
26. Web site: St. Louis 1904 4miles team men Results - Olympic athletics. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 10 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210510113202/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/st-louis-1904/results/athletics/4miles-team-men. live.
27. Web site: Paris 1900 football men Results - Olympic football. 9 August 2022. Olympics.com. 9 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210809032128/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/paris-1900/results/football/football-men. live.
28. Web site: St. Louis 1904 tug of war men Results - Olympic tug-of-war. 8 August 2021. Olympics.com. 25 July 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210725053959/https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/st-louis-1904/results/tug-of-war/tug-of-war-men. live.