The term "National Treasure" has been used in Japan to denote cultural properties since 1897.[1] The definition and the criteria have changed since the inception of the term. The temple structures in this list were designated national treasures when the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties was implemented on June 9, 1951. The items are selected by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology based on their "especially high historical or artistic value".[2] This list presents 158 entries of national treasure temple structures from the late 7th-century Classical Asuka period to the early modern 19th-century Edo period. The number of structures listed is more than 158, because in some cases groups of related structures are combined to form a single entry. The structures include main halls such as kon-dō, hon-dō, Butsuden; pagodas, gates,, corridors, other halls and structures that are part of a Buddhist temple.[3]
Buddhism arrived in Japan in the mid–6th century, and was officially adopted in the wake of the Battle of Shigisan in 587, after which Buddhist temples began to be constructed. Soga no Umako built Hōkō-ji, the first temple in Japan, between 588 and 596. It was later renamed as Asuka-dera for Asuka, the name of the capital where it was located. Prince Shotoku actively promoted Buddhism and ordered the construction of Shitennō-ji in Osaka (593) and Hōryū-ji near his palace in Ikaruga (completed in 603). During the ancient period, the temple layout was strictly prescribed and followed mainland styles, with a main gate facing south, and the most sacred area surrounded by a semi-enclosed roofed corridor (kairō) accessible through a middle gate (chūmon). The sacred precinct contained a pagoda, which acted as a reliquary for sacred objects, and an image hall (kon-dō). The complex might have other structures such as a lecture hall (kōdō), a belfry (shōrō), a sutra repository (kyōzō), priests' and monks'quarters and bathhouses. The ideal temple had a heart formed by seven structures—called Shichidō garan. Buddhism, and the construction of temples, spread from the capital to outlying areas in the Hakuhō period from 645 to 710. Because of fire, earthquakes, typhoons and wars, few of the ancient templesremain. Hōryū-ji, rebuilt after a fire in 670, is the only temple with 7th century structures which are the oldest extant woodenbuildings in the world.
Unlike early Shinto shrines, early Buddhist temples were highly ornamental and strictly symmetrical. Starting with the late 7th century Hōryū-ji, temples began to move towards indigenous methods expressed by irregular ground plans that resulted in an asymmetric arrangement of buildings, greater use of natural materials such as cypress bark instead of roof tiling, and an increased awareness of natural environment with the placement of buildings among trees. This adaption was assisted by the syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism.During the first half of the 8th century, Emperor Shōmu decreed temples and nunneries be erected in each province and that Tōdai-ji be built as a headquarters for the network of temples. The head temple was inaugurated in 752 and was of monumental dimensions with two seven-storied pagodas, each ca. 100m (300feet) tall and a Great Buddha Hall (daibutsuden) about 80mx70mm (260feetx230feetm). Nara period Buddhism was characterised by seven influential state supported temples, the so-called Nanto Shichi Daiji. Octagonal structures such as the Hall of Dreams at Hōryū-ji built as memorial halls and storehouses exemplified by the Shōsōin first appeared during the Nara period. Temple structures, such as pagodas and main halls, had increased significantly in size since the late 6th century. The placement of the pagoda moved to a more peripheral location and the roof bracketing system increased in complexity as roofs grew larger and heavier.
The early Heian period (9th–10th century) saw an evolution of style based on the esoteric sects Tendai and Shingon, which were situated in mountainous areas. A new style termed emerged with the following characteristics: a main hall divided in two parts; an outer area for novices and an inner area for initiates; a hip-and-gable roof that covered both areas; a raised wooden floor instead of the tile or stone floors of earlier temples; extended eaves to cover the front steps; shingles or bark rather than tile roofing; and an adaption to the natural environment in contrast to symmetrical layouts. The tahōtō, a two-storied tower with a resemblance to Indian stupas was also introduced by these sects during the Heian period. According to an ancient Buddhist prophecy, the world would enter a dark period in 1051. During this period the Tendai sect believed enlightenment was possible only by the veneration of Amida Buddha. Consequently, Paradise or Amida Halls—such as the Phoenix Hall at Byōdō-in (1053), the main hall ofJōruri-ji (1157) or the Golden Hall at Chūson-ji (1124)—were built by the imperial family or members of the aristocracy to recreate the western paradise of Amida on earth. Halls that enshrined the nine statues of Amida were popular during the 12th century in the late Heian period. The main hall of Jōruri-ji is the only extant example of these halls.
The Daibutsu style and the Zen style emerged in the late 12th or early 13th century. The Daibutsu or Great Buddha style, introduced by the priest Chogen, was based on Song dynasty architecture and represented the antithesis of the wayō style. The Nandaimon at Tōdai-ji and the Amida Hall at Jōdo-ji are the only extant examples of this style. Characteristics of the Zen style are earthen floors, subtly curved pent roofs (mokoshi) and pronouncedly curved main roofs, cusped windows and panelled doors. Examples of this style include Butsuden at Kōzan-ji in Shimonoseki, Shakadō at Zenpuku-in and Octagonal Three-storied Pagoda at Anraku-ji.[4] The three Japanese styles, wayō, Daibutsu and Zen were combined in the Muromachi period giving rise to a conglomerate eclectic style represented by the main hall at Kakurin-ji. By the end of the Muromachi period (late 16th century), Japanese Buddhist architecture had reached its apogee. Construction methods had been perfected and building types conventionalized. Early pre-modern temples were saved from monotony by elaborate structural details, the use of undulating karahafu gables and monumental size of the buildings. Representative examples for Momoyama (1568–1603) and Edo period (1603–1868) temple architecture are the Karamon at Hōgon-ji and the main hall of Kiyomizu-dera respectively.
Period | National Treasures | |
---|---|---|
Asuka period | 5 | |
Nara period | 20 | |
Heian period | 20 | |
Kamakura period | 54 | |
Muromachi period | 29 | |
Momoyama period | 11 | |
Edo period | 19 |
The table's columns (except for Remarks and Image) are sortable pressing the arrows symbols. The following gives an overview of what is included in the table and how the sorting works.
Name | Temple | Remarks | Date | Location | Image | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[5] [6] | Chūson-ji | 3×3, 18m (59feet) square, single-storied, hōgyō style roof with wooden shingles of the hongawara type | Heian period, 1124 | lateHiraizumi, Iwate 39.0014°N 141.0999°W | ||||||||
and [7] [8] | Zuigan-ji | Kuri: 23.6mx13.8mm (77.4feetx45.3feetm), single-storied, kirizuma style, entrance in the gable ends, hongawarabuki roof Corridors: between kuri and main hall (hondō), lengths: 2 ken (entrance hall), 6 ken (east corridor), 11 ken (middle corridor), 2 ken (west corridor); each is 1 ken wide, single-storied, irimoya style | Momoyama period, 1609 | Matsushima, Miyagi 38.3722°N 141.0602°W | ||||||||
[9] | Zuigan-ji | 13×8, 39mx25.2mm (128feetx82.7feetm), single-storied, irimoya style with hongawarabuki roof and attached entrance hall | Momoyama period, 1609 | Matsushima, Miyagi 38.3721°N 141.0596°W | ||||||||
[10] [11] [12] | Three Mountains of Dewa | 3×3, height: 29m (95feet), five-storied pagoda covered with hinoki cypress shingles | Muromachi period, 1372 | earlyTsuruoka, Yamagata 38.7047°N 139.9675°W | ||||||||
[13] | Ganjō-ji | 3×3, single-storied, hōgyō style, tochibuki board roofing, temple hall containing an enshrined image of Amitabha | Heian period, 1160 | lateIwaki, Fukushima 37.0365°N 140.8374°W | ||||||||
[14] | Banna-ji | 5×5, single-storied, irimoya style, front step canopy is 3 ken, nokikarahafu gable, back canopy 1 ken, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1299 | Ashikaga, Tochigi 36.3375°N 139.4523°W | ||||||||
[15] [16] | Shōfuku-ji | 3×3, single-storied, irimoya style, covered with hinoki cypress shingles, with a pent roof enclosure of copper-tile roofing, oldest intact building in Tokyo | Muromachi period, 1407 | middleHigashimurayama, Tokyo 35.7641°N 139.4592°W | ||||||||
[17] | Engaku-ji | 3×3 reliquary hall, single-storied, irimoya style, with a pent roof enclosure, covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles | Muromachi period | middleKamakura, Kanagawa 35.3393°N 139.549°W | ||||||||
[18] [19] [20] | Zuiryū-ji | 3×3 reliquary hall, single-storied, irimoya style, with a pent roof enclosure, lead plate roofing | Edo period, 1659 | earlyTakaoka, Toyama 36.7356°N 137.0105°W | ||||||||
[21] | Zuiryū-ji | 11×9 main hall of worship, irimoya style, with a 2×1 step canopy and a karahafu gable, single-storied, copper plate roofing | Edo period, 1655 | earlyTakaoka, Toyama 36.7357°N 137.01°W | ||||||||
[22] [23] | Zuiryū-ji | two-storied gate, irimoya style, covered with hinoki cypress shingles includes two 3×1 to either side of the gate: single-storied, kirizuma style with hinoki cypress shingles | Edo period, 1818 | lateTakaoka, Toyama 36.7356°N 137.0111°W | ||||||||
[24] | Shōkō-ji | Main Hall: 39.4mx37.5mm (129.3feetx123feetm), single-storied, irimoya style with a 3 ken step canopy and metal plate roofing Large Hall: 18.5mx19.7mm (60.7feetx64.6feetm), single-storied, front irimoya style, back kirizuma style Timber Platform: 16.1mx13.9mm (52.8feetx45.6feetm), single-storied, front irimoya style, back kirizuma style | Edo period, middle 17th century and 1795 | Takaoka, Toyama | 150px|alt=Japanese style wooden building with external covered corridor and white walls. | |||||||
[25] | Myōtsū-ji | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1270 | earlyObama, Fukui 35.4535°N 135.8043°W | ||||||||
Myōtsū-ji | 5×6, single-storied, irimoya style with a 1 ken step canopy, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1258 | earlyObama, Fukui 35.4536°N 135.8044°W | |||||||||
[26] | Seihaku-ji | 3×3, single-storied, irimoya style, with a pent roof enclosure, covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles | Muromachi period, 1415 | middleYamanashi, Yamanashi 35.6938°N 138.708°W | ||||||||
or [27] [28] | Daizen-ji | 5×5, single-storied, yosemune style, covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles, characteristic for the eastern Japanese style | Kamakura period, 1286 | lateKōshū, Yamanashi 35.6572°N 138.743°W | ||||||||
[29] [30] | Anraku-ji | three-storied octagonal pagoda, first roof is a pent roof enclosure, covered with hinoki cypress shingles, only extant octagonal pagoda in Japan | Kamakura period | lateUeda, Nagano 36.3524°N 138.1523°W | ||||||||
[31] [32] | Zenkō-ji | 14×5, single-storied with a pent roof enclosure,, entrance in the gable ends, front step canopy is 3 ken, nokikarahafu gable; step canopies on either side are 1 ken, everything is covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles | Edo period, 1707 | middleNagano, Nagano 36.6616°N 138.1877°W | ||||||||
3×3, three-storied pagoda, covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles | Muromachi period, 1333 | earlyAoki, Nagano 36.3824°N 138.1485°W | ||||||||||
Buddhist sutra storehouse, 1×1, single-storied, irimoya style, with a pent roof enclosure, covered with hinoki cypress shingles, includes an octagonal | Muromachi period, 1408 | middleTakayama, Gifu 36.2246°N 137.2451°W | ||||||||||
[33] | Eihō-ji | 3×3, single-storied, irimoya style, with a pent roof enclosure, covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1314 | lateTajimi, Gifu 35.3464°N 137.1302°W | ||||||||
[34] [35] | Eihō-ji | 3×3 and 1×1 connected via an ; All structures are single-storied, irimoya style and have hinoki cypress bark roofing. The naijin has a pent roof enclosure. | Muromachi period | earlyTajimi, Gifu 35.3461°N 137.1292°W | ||||||||
[36] | 3×3, single-storied, yosemune style, hinoki cypress bark roofing | Kamakura period | lateKira, Aichi 34.8094°N 137.0725°W | |||||||||
[37] | Senju-ji | 9×9, single-storied, irimoya style with a 3 ken step canopy hongawarabuki roof | Edo period, 1666 | middleTsu, Mie 34.7621°N 136.5034°W | ||||||||
Senju-ji | 5×4, single-storied, irimoya style with a pent roof enclosure, a 3 ken step canopy and a karahafu gable, hongawarabuki roof | Edo period, 1748 | middleTsu, Mie 34.7624°N 136.5028°W | |||||||||
[38] [39] | Mii-dera | 7×7, single-storied, irimoya style with a 3 ken step canopy, hinoki cypress bark roofing | Momoyama period, 1599 | Ōtsu, Shiga 35.0134°N 135.8529°W | ||||||||
[40] [41] [42] | Enryaku-ji | 11×6, 37.6mx23.9mm (123.4feetx78.4feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, copper sheeting over wooden plannks with semi-circular battens covering the seams; main hall founded in 788 by Dengyō Daishi with an "Inextinguishable Dharma Light" burning inside, in front of the Yakushi Nyorai (Medicine Buddha). part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Edo period, 1640 | earlyŌtsu, Shiga 35.0705°N 135.8409°W | ||||||||
[43] [44] | Kongōrin-ji | 7×7, single-storied, irimoya style, covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles | Muromachi period | earlyAishō, Shiga 35.1613°N 136.283°W | ||||||||
[45] [46] | Jōraku-ji | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, 1400 | middleKonan, Shiga 34.9903°N 136.0492°W | ||||||||
[47] | Jōraku-ji | 7×6, single-storied, irimoya style with a 3 ken step canopy and hinoki cypress bark roofing | Muromachi period, 1360 | earlyKonan, Shiga 34.9901°N 136.0485°W | ||||||||
[48] [49] | Saimyō-ji | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period | lateKōra, Shiga 35.183°N 136.2852°W | ||||||||
[50] | Saimyō-ji | 7×7, single-storied, irimoya style with a 3 ken step canopy, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period | earlyKōra, Shiga 35.1832°N 136.2855°W | ||||||||
[51] [52] | Ishiyama-dera | 3×3, two-storied Buddhist tower with a pent roof, square base and round top, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1194 | earlyŌtsu, Shiga 34.961°N 135.906°W | ||||||||
Ishiyama-dera | Hon-dō 7×4, | Heian period, 1096 | lateŌtsu, Shiga 34.9605°N 135.9056°W | |||||||||
[53] | Zensui-ji | 7×5, single-storied, irimoya style, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Muromachi period, 1366 | earlyKonan, Shiga 35.0064°N 136.1126°W | ||||||||
[54] | 5×5, single-storied, yosemune style with a 3 ken step canopy, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period | earlyKonan, Shiga 34.9853°N 136.0599°W | |||||||||
[55] | Hōgon-ji | four-legged gate with karahafu gables over the front and back entrance, 3.3mx6.1mm (10.8feetx20feetm), hinoki cypress bark shingles; entrance to the Kannon hall | Momoyama period, 1603 | Nagahama, Shiga 35.4206°N 136.1438°W | ||||||||
[56] | Kaijūsen-ji | 3×3, five-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof, first roof is a pent roof enclosure of copper-tile roofing | Kamakura period, 1214 | earlyKizugawa, Kyoto 34.7768°N 135.862°W | ||||||||
[57] | Tō-ji | 5×3, single-storied, irimoya style with pent roof enclosure, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Momoyama period, 1603 | Kyoto 34.9804°N 135.7477°W | ||||||||
[58] | Tō-ji | 3×3, five-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof, at 54.8m (179.8feet) highest wooden pagoda in Japan, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Edo period, 1643 | earlyKyoto 34.9799°N 135.7487°W | ||||||||
or (west section):, and [59] [60] | Tō-ji | ushiro-dō: 7×4, irimoya style, 2 ken hisashi on the north-western end, 1 ken step canopy on the east side mae-dō: 4×5, north side irimoya style, connected to the ushiro-dō in the south chūmon: 2×1, west side kirizuma style, connected to the mae-dō in the east All three structures are single-storied. part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Muromachi period, 1380 | earlyKyoto 34.9816°N 135.7468°W | ||||||||
Tō-ji | eight-legged gate, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Kamakura period | earlyKyoto 34.9807°N 135.7463°W | |||||||||
[61] | two-storied gate, irimoya style, tochibuki board roofing | Kamakura period, 1248 | earlyAyabe, Kyoto 35.3874°N 135.4421°W | |||||||||
[62] | Kōryū-ji | octagonal hall, single-storied, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, before 1251 | earlyKyoto, Kyoto 35.015°N 135.7054°W | ||||||||
Kōzan-ji | (3 (front) or 4 (back))x3, with a 1 ken hisashi on the front side, single-storied, irimoya style, entrance on gable ends, hinoki cypress shingles | Kamakura period | earlyKyoto, Kyoto 35.0601°N 135.6785°W | |||||||||
[63] | Jōruri-ji | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Heian period, before 1178 | lateKizugawa, Kyoto34.7157°N 135.8736°W | ||||||||
Jōruri-ji | 11×4, 33.8mx16.5mm (110.9feetx54.1feetm), yosemune style with a 1 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Heian period, 1157 | lateKizugawa, Kyoto34.7158°N 135.8726°W | |||||||||
[64] | Ninna-ji | 7×5, single-storied, irimoya style with a 1 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Momoyama period, 1613 | Kyoto35.0311°N 135.7138°W | ||||||||
[65] [66] | Kiyomizu-dera | 9×7, 33.5mx33.2mm (109.9feetx108.9feetm), single-storied, yosemune style, pent roof enclosure on east, north and west side, hinoki cypress bark shingles, includes a stage, temple is part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Edo period, 1633 | earlyKyoto 34.9948°N 135.785°W | ||||||||
[67] [68] | Daisen-in (Daitoku-ji) | 14.8mx10.8mm (48.6feetx35.4feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, copper-tile roofing | Muromachi period, 1513 | lateKyoto 35.0445°N 135.7458°W | ||||||||
with | Daitoku-ji | Hōjō: 29.8mx17mm (97.8feetx56feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, sangawarabuki tile roof, connected to the at the back; Entrance: 6×1, single-storied, karahafu gable, sangawarabuki tile roof; residence of the head priest. Hōjō meditation hall was built in 1502. | Edo period, 1635, (entrance from 1636) | earlyKyoto 35.044°N 135.7464°W | ||||||||
Daitoku-ji | four-legged gate, kirizuma style, nokikarahafu gable on front and back, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Momoyama period | Kyoto 35.0438°N 135.7464°W | |||||||||
or [69] [70] | Daihōon-ji | 5×6, single-storied, irimoya style with a 1 ken step canopy, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1227 | earlyKyoto 35.0319°N 135.7398°W | ||||||||
[71] [72] | Daigo-ji | 7×5, single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof, principal hall relocated from Yuasa, Wakayama which was completed in 1600. part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Heian period | lateKyoto 34.9515°N 135.8217°W | ||||||||
Daigo-ji | 3×3, five-storied pagoda, height: 38m (125feet) including the 13m (43feet) finial, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Heian period, 952 | middleKyoto 34.9506°N 135.8221°W | |||||||||
[73] | Daigo-ji | 5×4, single-storied, irimoya style, hinoki cypress bark shingles, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Heian period, 1121 | lateKyoto 34.9456°N 135.8387°W | ||||||||
[74] | Chion-in | large 5 ken or 50m (160feet) wide, 24m (79feet) high two-storied gate with entrances in the three central bays, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof includes two 3×2 to either side of the gate: single-storied, kirizuma style with hongawarabuki roof; largest extant two-storied, double-roofed gate | Edo period, 1621 | earlyKyoto 35.0048°N 135.7818°W | ||||||||
or [75] | Chion-in | 11×9, single-storied, irimoya style with a 5 ken step canopy at the front and a 3 ken step canopy at the back | Edo period, 1639 | earlyKyoto 35.0052°N 135.7834°W | ||||||||
[76] | Tōfuku-ji | large 5 ken, 22m (72feet) high two-storied gate with entrances in the three central bays, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof includes two to either side of the gate: single-storied, kirizuma style with hongawarabuki roof, oldest Zen main gate in Japan | Muromachi period, 1425 | middleKyoto 34.9757°N 135.7737°W | ||||||||
[77] | Nanzen-ji | irimoya style back side with a kirizuma style gable, front connected to the ōhōjō | Momoyama period, 1573–1591 | middleKyoto 35.0114°N 135.7945°W | ||||||||
Byōdō-in | central hall: 3×2, single-storied, irimoya style with a pent roof enclosure, hongawarabuki roof wing corridors: 8×1 (with bends), single storied with an upper floor, kirizuma style; corner towers are two-storied with three floors, hōgyō style, hongawarabuki roof 尾 廊: 7×1, single-storied, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof main temple building, depicted on the 10 yen coin, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Heian period, 1053 | middleUji, Kyoto 34.8893°N 135.8077°W | |||||||||
, and [80] | Manpuku-ji | Uji, Kyoto | ||||||||||
5×5, single-storied, irimoya style with a pent roof enclosure, hōgyō style, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period | earlyKyoto 34.9341°N 135.8149°W | ||||||||||
Nishi Honganji | 45.2mx42.1mm (148.3feetx138.1feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, 3 ken,hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Edo period, 1760 | lateKyoto | |||||||||
[81] | Nishi Honganji | 62.1mx53.8mm (203.7feetx176.5feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, 3 ken,hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Edo period, 1636 | Kyoto | ||||||||
[82] | Nishi Honganji | four-legged gate with karahafu gables on the front and back, sides are irimoya style, hinoki cypress bark shingles, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) | Momoyama period, ca. 1598 | Kyoto 34.9904°N 135.7511°W | ||||||||
21.8mx23.7mm (71.5feetx77.8feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, entrance in gable ends, 1 ken entrance hall with karahafu gable, hongawarabuki roof, hisashi in the north | Momoyama period, 1573–1614 | Kyoto 34.9904°N 135.7752°W | ||||||||||
[83] | (Tōfuku-ji) | 16.5mx12.9mm (54.1feetx42.3feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, hinoki cypress shingles, residence of the head priest | Muromachi period, 1387 | earlyKyoto 34.9774°N 135.7748°W | ||||||||
[84] | Sanjūsangen-dō | 35×5, single-storied, kirizuma style with a 7 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1266 | Kyoto 34.9878°N 135.7717°W | ||||||||
[85] | Kanshin-ji | 7×7, single-storied, irimoya style with a 3 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof; principal hall | Muromachi period, Shōhei era | earlyKawachinagano, Osaka 34.4374°N 135.5986°W | ||||||||
5×5, single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1300 | lateKaizuka, Osaka 34.3972°N 135.3945°W | ||||||||||
[86] [87] | 3×3, two-storied Buddhist tower (tahōtō), hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1271 | earlyIzumisano, Osaka 34.3743°N 135.3433°W | |||||||||
[88] | Ichijō-ji | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof | Heian period, 1171 | lateKasai, Hyōgo 34.859°N 134.819°W | ||||||||
or [89] | Jōdo-ji | 3×3, 18m (59feet) squared, single-storied, hōgyō style, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1192 | earlyOno, Hyōgo 34.8642°N 134.9611°W | ||||||||
[90] | Taisan-ji | 7×6, single-storied, irimoya style, gable roof covered with copper | Kamakura period, 1285 | lateKobe, Hyōgo 34.6966°N 135.0674°W | - | [91] | Chōkō-ji | 7×7, single-storied, yosemune style with a 3 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, 1413–1428 | middleKatō, Hyōgo 34.9325°N 135.0439°W | ||
[92] | Kakurin-ji | 3×3, single-storied, hōgyō style, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Heian period, 1112 | lateKakogawa, Hyōgo 34.7521°N 134.8328°W | ||||||||
Kakurin-ji | 7×6, 17mx15.2mm (56feetx49.9feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, 1397 | middleKakogawa, Hyōgo 34.7523°N 134.8326°W | |||||||||
[93] [94] | 3×3, 4m (13feet) high miniature pagoda, wooden hongawarabuki shaped roof | Nara period, Tenpyō era | Nara, Nara 34.7523°N 134.8326°W | |||||||||
[95] [96] | Kōfuku-ji | 3×3, five-storied pagoda, second highest pagoda in Japan at 50.1m (164.4feet), hongawarabuki roof; restoration from 1426 of an original pagoda from 730, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Muromachi period, 1426 | middleNara, Nara 34.6825°N 135.8322°W | ||||||||
[97] | Kōfuku-ji | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof; reconstruction from the beginning of the Kamakura period of an original pagoda from 1143, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Kamakura period | earlyNara, Nara 34.6823°N 135.8297°W | ||||||||
[98] | Kōfuku-ji | 7×4, single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof, the remaining of the three golden halls, reconstruction from 1415 of an original structure from 726, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Muromachi period, 1425 | middleNara, Nara 34.6829°N 135.8322°W | ||||||||
[99] [100] | Kōfuku-ji | octagonal hall, single-storied, hongawarabuki roof; reconstruction from 1426 of an original hall built in 721 to honor the first anniversary of the death of Fujiwara no Fuhito, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Kamakura period, 1210 | earlyNara, Nara 34.6835°N 135.8299°W | ||||||||
[101] | Kinpusen-ji | two-storied gate, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, 1456 | middleYoshino, Nara 34.3689°N 135.859°W | ||||||||
or | Kinpusen-ji | 5×6, single-storied, irimoya style with a pent roof enclosure, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Momoyama period, 1591 | Yoshino, Nara 34.3684°N 135.8589°W | ||||||||
[102] | 3×3, 5.5m (18feet) tall miniature pagoda, wooden hongawarabuki shaped roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period, late 8th century | Nara, Nara 34.6775°N 135.8313°W | |||||||||
[103] | 4×4, single-storied, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof with smooth, lipless, semi-cylindrical cover tiles (行基葺, gyōgibuki); part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara, contains lumber used in the construction of Asuka-dera, one of the first Buddhist temples in Japan | Kamakura period | earlyNara, Nara 34.678°N 135.831°W | |||||||||
,[104] part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | 6×6, single-storied, yosemune style, entrance in gable ends, hongawarabuki roof with smooth, lipless, semi-cylindrical cover tiles (行基葺, gyōgibuki), 1 ken wide open veranda on the front side, contains an | Kamakura period, 1244 | earlyNara, Nara 34.6779°N 135.8313°W | |||||||||
[105] | Murō-ji | 5×5, single-storied, yosemune style, hinoki cypress shingles; principal hall | Heian period | earlyUda, Nara 34.5379°N 136.0406°W | ||||||||
[106] | Murō-ji | 3×3, five-storied pagoda, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Heian period | earlyUda, Nara 34.5382°N 136.0403°W | ||||||||
or [107] [108] | Murō-ji | 5×5, single-storied, irimoya style, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1308 | lateUda, Nara 34.5379°N 136.0406°W | ||||||||
Akishinodera | 5×4, single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period | earlyNara, Nara 34.7038°N 135.7762°W | |||||||||
[109] | 5×4, single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period | earlyNara, Nara 34.6764°N 135.8332°W | |||||||||
[110] | Shin-Yakushi-ji | 7×5, single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Nara period, 747 | Nara, Nara 34.6759°N 135.8462°W | ||||||||
Shōsōin[111] | Tōdai-ji | treasure house, oldest surviving example of the azekura log-cabin style with a raised floor, 9×3, 108.4mx30.5mm (355.6feetx100.1feetm), single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof | Nara period, ca. 756 | Nara, Nara 34.692°N 135.8386°W | ||||||||
[112] [113] | 5×6, single-storied, irimoya style with a 1 ken step canopy, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1279 | lateIkoma, Nara 34.7186°N 135.7273°W | |||||||||
[114] [115] | Hase-dera | 7×4, with a pent roof on the front and either side | Edo period, 1650 | earlySakurai, Nara 34.5359°N 135.9068°W | ||||||||
[116] [117] | Tōshōdai-ji | 7×4, 27.9mx14.6mm (91.5feetx47.9feetm), single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof, principal hall, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period, 8th century | Nara, Nara 34.6756°N 135.7848°W | ||||||||
[118] | Tōshōdai-ji | Buddhist sutra storehouse, 3×3,, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period, 8th century | Nara, Nara 34.6756°N 135.7855°W | ||||||||
[119] | Tōshōdai-ji | 3×2, rō style, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof, with a drum for indicating the time, also served as a sutra repository, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Kamakura period, 1240 | earlyNara, Nara 34.6758°N 135.7851°W | ||||||||
[120] [121] | Tōshōdai-ji | 9×4, single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof; originally part of the Heijō Palace; now part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period, 763 | Nara, Nara 34.6759°N 135.7848°W | ||||||||
[122] | Tōshōdai-ji | 3×3,, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara, Nara 34.6758°N 135.7855°W | |||||||||
[123] [124] | Tōdai-ji | 3×3, single-storied, hōgyō style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Kamakura period, 1200 (inner temple), 1250 | earlyNara, Nara 34.6891°N 135.8435°W | ||||||||
or [125] | Tōdai-ji | 5×5, 57mx50mm (187feetx160feetm), single-storied, yosemune style with a pent roof enclosure, hongawarabuki roof, karahafu gable on front side, copper-tile roofing; largest wooden building in the world, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Edo period, 1705 | middleNara, Nara 34.689°N 135.8398°W | ||||||||
Tōdai-ji | 1×1, 7.6m (24.9feet) square, single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Kamakura period, Jōgen era | earlyNara, Nara 34.6888°N 135.842°W | |||||||||
[126] | Tōdai-ji | 3 ken wide eight-legged gate with a 1 ken passage, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period, around Tenpyō-hōji era | Nara, Nara 34.6916°N 135.8351°W | ||||||||
[127] | Tōdai-ji | large 5×2, 29mx11mm (95feetx36feetm), two-storied gate with entrances in the three central baysgate, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Kamakura period, 1199 | earlyNara, Nara 34.6858°N 135.8399°W | ||||||||
[128] | Tōdai-ji | overhang style, 10×7, single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Edo period, 1669 | middleNara, Nara 34.6893°N 135.8443°W | ||||||||
or [129] | Tōdai-ji | front 5 ken, side 8 ken, front irimoya style, back yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof, contains ; part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period, 747 and 1199 | Nara, Nara 34.6887°N 135.844°W | ||||||||
Tōdai-ji | Buddhist sutra storehouse, 3×2,, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period | Nara, Nara 34.6859°N 135.8406°W | |||||||||
Hannya-ji | 1×1, two-storied gate, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, around Bun'ei era | earlyNara, Nara 34.6999°N 135.8356°W | |||||||||
[130] | Hokki-ji | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Asuka period, 706 | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6229°N 135.7463°W | ||||||||
and [131] | Hōryū-ji | 42 ken (east corridor) and 40 ken (west corridor) long (with bends), single-storied, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Asuka period, ca. 700 | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6144°N 135.7348°W 34.6142°N 135.7338°W | ||||||||
[132] [133] | Hōryū-ji | 5×4, double-storied, irimoya style with pent roof enclosure on first floor, hongawarabuki roof, wood shingles (pent roof); together with Hōryū-ji's five-storied pagoda one of the oldest wooden buildings in the world, principal hall, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Asuka period, by 693 | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6143°N 135.7345°W | ||||||||
[134] | Hōryū-ji | Buddhist sutra storehouse, 3×2, rō style, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Nara period | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6146°N 135.7338°W | ||||||||
[135] [136] | Hōryū-ji | 3×3, five-storied pagoda with a pent roof enclosure on the first level, hongawarabuki roof, wood shingles (pent roof); together with Hōryū-ji's kon-dō one of the oldest wooden buildings in the world, at 50m (160feet) second tallest pagoda in Japan, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Asuka period, ca. 703 | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6143°N 135.7341°W | ||||||||
[137] | Hōryū-ji | large storehouse, 9×3, single-storied, raised floor, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Heian period | earlyIkaruga, Nara 34.6144°N 135.7354°W | ||||||||
and [138] | Hōryū-ji | 19×(5 (front) or 4 (back)), single-storied, kirizuma style, entrance in gable ends, hongawarabuki roof, attached hisashi in front, with a 1 ken step canopy covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Kamakura period, 1231 | earlyIkaruga, Nara 34.6142°N 135.7334°W | ||||||||
[139] | Hōryū-ji | 3×2, rō style, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Heian period, 1005–1020 | middleIkaruga, Nara 34.6147°N 135.7346°W | ||||||||
[140] | Hōryū-ji | 7×4, single-storied, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Nara period | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6147°N 135.7355°W | ||||||||
[141] | Hōryū-ji | 6×5, single-storied, kirizuma style, entrance in gable ends, hongawarabuki roof, attached hisashi in front, with a 1 ken step canopy covered with hinoki cypress bark shingles; hall dedicated to the soul of Prince Shōtoku, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Kamakura period, 1284 | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6143°N 135.735°W | ||||||||
[142] [143] | Hōryū-ji | octagonal hall, single-storied, hongawarabuki roof, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Kamakura period, 1250 | earlyIkaruga, Nara 34.6147°N 135.733°W | ||||||||
[144] | Hōryū-ji | 9×4, 33.8mx16.5mm (110.9feetx54.1feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof, oldest extant building with a hidden roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Heian period, 990 | middleIkaruga, Nara 34.6148°N 135.7342°W | ||||||||
[145] | Hōryū-ji | 4×3 two-storied gate with entrance through the two central bays, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Asuka period, ca. 700 | Ikaruga, Nara 34.614°N 135.7343°W | ||||||||
Hōryū-ji | 3×2, flared skirt like lower part (袴腰, hakamagoshi), irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Kamakura period | earlyIkaruga, Nara 34.6147°N 135.7387°W | |||||||||
[146] | Hōryū-ji | 7×4, single-storied, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof; lecture hall, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Nara period | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6148°N 135.7389°W | ||||||||
[147] | Hōryū-ji | Large octagonal hall housing the famous Guze Kannon, single-storied, each side 4.2m (13.8feet) long, hongawarabuki roof; part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Nara period, 739 | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6144°N 135.7389°W | ||||||||
[148] | Hōryū-ji | 12×4, single-storied, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof; living quarters for high-ranking priests, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Nara period | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6145°N 135.735°W | ||||||||
[149] | Hōryū-ji | 3 ken wide eight-legged gate, kirizuma style, hongawarabuki roof; main east gate, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Nara period | Ikaruga, Nara 34.6139°N 135.7367°W | ||||||||
[150] [151] | Hōryū-ji | 3 ken wide eight-legged gate, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof; main south gate, part of the World Heritage Site Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area | Muromachi period, 1438 | middleIkaruga, Nara 34.6127°N 135.7345°W | ||||||||
[152] [153] | Yakushi-ji | 7×4, single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof; meditation hall, rebuilt in 1285, oldest of its kind in Japan, part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Kamakura period, 1285 | lateNara, Nara 34.668°N 135.7852°W | ||||||||
[154] | Yakushi-ji | 3×3 three-storied pagoda, each level with a pent roof enclosure; part of the World Heritage Site Historic Monuments of Ancient Nara | Nara period, 730 | Nara, Nara 34.6681°N 135.7847°W | ||||||||
[155] | Ryōsen-ji | 5×6, single-storied, irimoya style, with a 1 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1283 | lateNara, Nara 34.6736°N 135.7424°W | ||||||||
[156] [157] | octagonal hall, single-storied, hongawarabuki roof | Nara period, Tenpyō-hōji era, 8th century | Gojō, Nara 34.3559°N 135.7212°W | |||||||||
[158] | Taima-dera | 3×3 three-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof | Heian period, 9th century | earlyKatsuragi, Nara 34.5154°N 135.6945°W | ||||||||
Taima-dera | 3×3 three-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof | Nara period, 8th century | earlyKatsuragi, Nara 34.5153°N 135.6957°W | |||||||||
or | Taima-dera | 7×6, single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof, houses a large (39.7 cm x 39.1 cm) Mandala, contains an | Heian period, 1161 | lateKatsuragi, Nara 34.5161°N 135.6947°W | ||||||||
[159] | Kongō Sanmai-in | 3×3, two-storied Buddhist tower, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1223 | earlyKōya, Wakayama 34.2097°N 135.5872°W | ||||||||
[160] | Kongōbu-ji | 3×4, single-storied, irimoya style, with 1 (3) ken hisashi attached to the right (left) side, with a 1 ken step canopy, hinoki cypress bark shingles; hall dedicated to the deity Fudō Myōō | Kamakura period | earlyKōya, Wakayama 34.2131°N 135.5804°W | ||||||||
or [161] | Negoro-ji | 5×5, large two-storied Buddhist tower, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, Meiō era–Tenbun era | lateIwade, Wakayama 34.2879°N 135.3174°W | ||||||||
[162] | 3×3, pent roof enclosure, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof; hall in which a statue of the historical Buddha is enshrined | Kamakura period, 1327 | lateKainan, Wakayama 34.1306°N 135.1772°W | |||||||||
[163] | Chōhō-ji | 3×3, two-storied Buddhist tower | Muromachi period, 1357 | earlyKainan, Wakayama 34.1089°N 135.1658°W | ||||||||
[164] [165] | Chōhō-ji | rōmon, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, 1388 | earlyKainan, Wakayama 34.1078°N 135.1655°W | ||||||||
[166] | Chōhō-ji | 5×5, single-storied, irimoya style with a 1 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1311 | lateKainan, Wakayama 34.1091°N 135.1657°W | ||||||||
[167] | 3×3, three-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, 1432 | middleOnomichi, Hiroshima 34.3069°N 133.0867°W | |||||||||
[168] [169] | Jōdo-ji | 3×3, two-storied Buddhist tower, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1328 | lateOnomichi, Hiroshima 34.4118°N 133.211°W | ||||||||
[170] [171] | Jōdo-ji | 5×5, single-storied, irimoya style with a 1 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1327 | lateOnomichi, Hiroshima 34.4121°N 133.2108°W | ||||||||
[172] | 3×4, pent roof enclosure, irimoya style, hinoki cypress bark shingles; principal hall | Muromachi period, 1540 | lateHiroshima 34.427°N 132.4711°W | |||||||||
[173] | Myōō-in | 3×3, 4.4m (14.4feet), 29.1m (95.5feet) tall, five-storied pagoda, hongawarabuki roof | Muromachi period, 1348 | earlyFukuyama, Hiroshima 34.4783°N 133.3459°W | ||||||||
[174] [175] | Myōō-in | 5×5, 11.8mx11.8mm (38.7feetx38.7feetm) single-storied, irimoya style with a 1 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1321 | lateFukuyama, Hiroshima 34.4785°N 133.3459°W | ||||||||
[176] | Kōzan-ji | 3×3, irimoya style, pent roof enclosure, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Kamakura period, 1320 | lateShimonoseki, Yamaguchi 33.9956°N 130.9818°W | ||||||||
[177] [178] | Rurikō-ji | 3×3, five-storied pagoda, hinoki cypress bark shingles | Muromachi period, 1442 | middleYamaguchi, Yamaguchi 34.1902°N 131.4729°W | ||||||||
[179] [180] | Motoyama-ji | 5×5, single-storied, yosemune style with a 3 ken step canopy, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1300 | lateMitoyo, Kagawa 34.1397°N 133.6941°W | ||||||||
[181] | Ishite-ji | 3 ken wide rōmon, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period, 1318 | lateMatsuyama, Ehime 33.8475°N 132.7966°W | ||||||||
Taisan-ji | 7×9, 16.4mx21mm (53.8feetx69feetm), single-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof; largest esoteric Buddhist hall | Kamakura period, 1305 | lateMatsuyama, Ehime 33.885°N 132.715°W | |||||||||
[182] | Taihō-ji | 3×4, single-storied, yosemune style, hongawarabuki roof | Kamakura period | lateMatsuyama, Ehime 33.8418°N 132.7422°W | ||||||||
[183] | 5×5, single-storied, irimoya style, hinoki cypress shingles | Heian period, 1151 | lateŌtoyo, Kōchi 33.792°N 133.7272°W | |||||||||
[184] | Sōfuku-ji | 5×4, two-storied, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Edo period, 1646 | earlyNagasaki 32.7425°N 129.8835°W | ||||||||
Sōfuku-ji | four-legged Chinese style gate, irimoya style, hongawarabuki roof | Edo period, 1644 | earlyNagasaki 32.7427°N 129.8833°W | |||||||||
[185] [186] | Fuki-ji | 3×4, single-storied, hōgyō style, hongawarabuki roof with smooth, lipless, semi-cylindrical cover tiles (行基葺, gyōgibuki)[187] | Heian period | lateBungotakada, Ōita 33.5379°N 131.5286°W |