| Cabinet Name: | First Ben-Gurion Cabinet |
| Cabinet Number: | 1st |
| Jurisdiction: | Israel |
| Flag: | Flag of Israel.svg |
| Flag Border: | true |
| Government Head: | David Ben-Gurion |
| State Head: | Chaim Weizmann |
| Legislature Status: | Coalition |
| Political Parties: | Mapai United Religious Front Progressive Party Sephardim and Oriental Communities Democratic List of Nazareth |
| Previous: | Provisional cabinet of Israel |
| Successor: | 2nd cabinet of Israel |
| Legislature Term: | 1st Knesset |
| Election: | 1949 Israeli legislative election |
| Opposition Leader: | Meir Ya'ari |
The first government of Israel was formed by David Ben-Gurion on 8 March 1949, a month and a half after the elections for the First Knesset. His Mapai party formed a coalition with the United Religious Front, the Progressive Party, the Sephardim and Oriental Communities and the Democratic List of Nazareth, and there were 12 ministers.
A notable piece of legislation enacted during the term of the first government was an educational law in 1949 which introduced compulsory schooling for all children between the ages of 5 and 14.[1]
Ben-Gurion resigned on 15 October 1950 after the United Religious Front objected to his demands that the Supply and Rationing Ministry be closed and a businessman appointed as Minister for Trade and Industry, as well as issues over education in the new immigrant camps.