| Zif | |
| Translit Lang1: | Arabic |
| Translit Lang1 Type: | Arabic |
| Translit Lang1 Info: | Arabic: زيف |
| Type: | Municipality type D (Village council) |
| Pushpin Map: | West Bank#Palestine |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of Zif within the West Bank##Location of Zif within Palestine |
| Coordinates: | 31.4658°N 35.1381°W |
| Grid Name: | Palestine grid |
| Grid Position: | 163/098 |
| Subdivision Type: | State |
| Subdivision Type1: | Governorate |
| Subdivision Name1: | Hebron |
| Established Title: | Founded |
| Unit Pref: | dunam |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 1061 |
| Population As Of: | 2017 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
Zif (ar|زيف) is a Palestinian village located 7km (04miles) south of Hebron. The village is in the Hebron Governorate in the southern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Zif had a population of 1,061 in 2017. The primary health care facilities in the village itself are designated by the Ministry of Health as level 1 and at nearby Yatta as level 3.[2]
Zif is identified with the biblical town of Ziph.[3] [4] It appears several times in the Hebrew Bible as a town in the vicinity of Hebron that belongs to Tribe of Judah (15:20-55 ). The nearby "Wilderness of Ziph" is mentioned as a place where David hides himself from Saul (26:1-2 ). Later, the town of Ziph is said to be fortified by Rehoboam (11:5-8 ). Its name was found on a number of royal Judahite LMLK seals along with those of Hebron, Socoh and MMST.[5]
Iron Age remains were found in the nearby tell.[6]
Zif existed as a village in the Roman era.[7] Between the Great Jewish Revolt and the Bar Kokhba revolt, it served as the administrative center for the district south of Hebron. Evidence of its Jewish population during this period is found in an inscription on an ossuary from Zif and two documents discovered in the Tze'elim Stream.
In the 4th century, Eusebius described it a place "of the tribe of Judah. It is now a kṓmē in the Daromas in the territory of Eleutheropolis, near Hebron, eight miles to the south. Where David hid".[8] It had a Jewish population until at least the 4th century, but it became Christian during the Byzantine period.[9]
The remains of a Byzantine-era Christian communal church have been discovered at Zif.[10] Potsherds from the Byzantine era have also been found here.[11]
In 1838 Edward Robinson was the first to identify the village Zif and its adjacent Tell Zif with the biblical town of Ziph.[12]
In 1863 Victor Guérin visited and described the ruins.[13]
In 1874 surveyors from the PEF Survey of Palestine visited, and noted about Tell ez Zif: "A large mound, partly natural; on the north side a quarry; on the south are tombs. One of these has a single chamber, with a broad bench running round; on the back wall are three kokim with arched roofs, the arches pointed on the left side wall; at the back is another similar koka. A second tomb was a chamber, 8 feet to the back, 9 feet wide, with three recesses, one on each side, one at the back; they are merely shelves, 8 feet by 5 feet, raised some 2 feet. This tomb has a porch in front, supported by two square rock-cut piers.[14]
Zif has been under Israeli occupation since 1967.
In September 2002, a bomb filled with screws and nails, planted by Jewish settlers, exploded in the village's school, wounding five children. A second bomb was found by the school's principal and was detonated by Israeli bomb experts.[15]
