Yuhuangdong Grottoes Explained

Yuhuangdong Grottoes
Location:Zhangjiajie, China[1]
Builder:Li Jingkai[2]
Built:1807[3]
Cultures:Taoism

Yuhuangdong Grottoes[4], or Yuhuang Grottoes,[5] named after the statue of the Jade Emperor carved inside the cave,[6] are Chinese Taoist stone sculptures,[7] located on a cliff at the southern foot of Makong Mountain (麻空山),[8] Fengxianggang Township (枫香岗乡), Yongding District, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province.[9]

Distribution

Yuhuangdong Grottoes, 10 kilometers away from the urban area,[10] are distributed on a section of precipice about 300 meters long from east to west and more than 130 meters high.[11]

History

Yuhuangdong Grottoes were excavated by Li Jingkai (李京开), a Qing Dynasty Yongding country gentry (乡绅),[12] and In 1799, these grottoes began to be constructed in 1799 and it took eight years to complete in 1807.[13]

Notes and References

  1. Book: People's Republic of China Dictionary, Volume 5. 1998. Commercial Press. 978-7-100-03254-4.
  2. Web site: Members of Zhangjiajie Yongding Branch of Jiu San Society visited Yuhuangdong Grottoes. Oct 26, 2020. Jiusan Society.
  3. Book: Yi Xiaochun. Hunan. 2003. China Light Industry Press. 978-7-5019-3938-1. 156–.
  4. Book: Ni Hao. Travel Guide of Hunan. DeepLogic. 75–.
  5. Low-Carbon Behaviour Performance of Scenic Spotsin a World Heritage Site. 4 July 2019. Sustainability. 10.3390/su11133673 . free . Wang . Kai . Gan . Chang . Ou . Yan . Liu . Haolong . 11 . 13 . 3673 .
  6. Book: China Self-Help Tour. 1 January 2012. China Light Industry Press. 978-7-5019-8528-9. 1303–. 6th.
  7. Book: Mou Zhongjian. Daoism: A Concise Treatise on Taoism. 1991. Qilu Publishing House. 978-7-5333-0214-6 . 697.
  8. Book: Sanxiang Resort Tour. 1981. Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House. 62–.
  9. Book: Hunan Cultural Heritage Atlas. 2008. Yuelu Publishing House. 978-7-80761-040-3. 291.
  10. Web site: Zhangjiajie actually has a grotto through the Qing Dynasty. 2019-11-27. Ifeng.com.
  11. Book: Wan Li. Huxiang Cultural Dictionary (8). 1 June 2011. Hunan People's Publishing House. 978-7-999008-97-2. 112–.
  12. Book: Jiao Chenggen. Chen Jian. Huxiang Stone Sculptures. 1 September 2010. Hunan Fine Arts Publishing House. 978-7-5356-3812-0. 313–.
  13. Book: Two Thousand Years of Zhangjiajie. 2005. Wuzhou Communication Press. 978-7-5085-0618-0. 55–.

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