William Henry Rinehart Explained

William Henry Rinehart (September 13, 1825 – October 28, 1874) was a noted American sculptor. He is considered "the last important American sculptor to work in the classical style."^[2]

Biography

The son of and Mary (Snader) Rinehart (1797–1865),^[3] William Henry Rinehart was born in Union Bridge, Maryland. His brother was David Rinehart.^[4] He attended school until he was nearly eighteen. He then began to work on his father's farm, but also became the assistant of a stone-cutter in the neighborhood. In 1844 he began an apprenticeship in the stone-yard of Baughman and Bevan on the site of what is now the Peabody Institute in Baltimore, and studied sculpture at what is now called the Maryland Institute College of Art.

In 1855 Rinehart went to Italy to continue his studies. While there he executed two bas-reliefs in marble, Morning and Evening. On his return, two years later, he opened a studio in Baltimore, where he executed numerous busts, a fountain-figure for the main U.S. Post Office in Washington, DC; and two bronze figures, Backwoodsman and Indian, flanking the clock in the House of Representatives Chamber of the U.S. Capitol. In 1858 he settled in Rome where he would live the rest of his life, except for trips back to the United States in 1866 and 1872. Rinehart's burial was funded by his friends William Thompson Walters and Benjamin Franklin Newcomer and he was buried at Green Mount Cemetery in Baltimore.^[5]

Legacy

Rinehart was financially successful in his lifetime, executing many commissions for wealthy and cultured clients. American patrons often traveled to Italy to meet Rinehart and plan projects for their estates back in America. Rinehart's most important patron and sponsor was William T. Walters, founder of Baltimore's Walters Art Gallery (now the Walters Art Museum).

William Henry Rinehart left his estate in trust for the teaching of sculpture at the Maryland Institute College of Art. In his name, MICA established the Rinehart School of Sculpture and a Rinehart fellowship. The Rinehart School's alumni would include the estimable Hans Schuler, born the year Rinehart died.

According to artcyclopedia.com and askart.com, Rinehart's sculptures, neoclassical in style and mostly of human figures, are in public collections such as those of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York City), the National Gallery of Art, (Washington, DC), the Walters Art Museum (Baltimore), the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Brooklyn Museum of Art (New York City), the Carnegie Museum (Pittsburgh), and Ohio's Columbus Museum of Art, among others.

Selected works

• Bas-reliefs of Morning and Evening (c. 1856), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.^{[6] [7]}
• Backwoodsman and Indian (1857), bronze, Monumental Clock, House of Representatives Chamber, U.S. Capitol. Now exhibited in the Capitol crypt.^{[8] [9] [10] [11]}
• Sleeping Children (1859), marble, Smithsonian American Art Museum. including one at the tomb of Hugh Sisson, Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland. ^[12]
• Woman of Samaria (1859–1862), marble, Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland.^[13]
• Leander, marble, Newark Museum, Newark, New Jersey.^[14] Marble replica at Chrysler Museum of Art.^[15]
• Bust of Mrs. William T. Walters (1862), marble, Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland.^[16]
• Hero (modeled 1866), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.^[17]
• Antigone Pouring a Libation over the Corpse of Her Brother Polynices (modeled 1867–1870), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.^[18] Marble (1870) at Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[19]
• Chief Justice Roger B. Taney (1867–1872), bronze, Maryland State House, Annapolis, Maryland. Bronze replica (1872) at Mount Vernon Place, Baltimore, Maryland. Both removed in 2017.^{[20] [21]}
• Endymion (1868–1874), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.^[22] Marble (c. 1874-1875) at National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.^[23] Bronze at Rinehart's grave in Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland.^{[24] [25]}
• Clytie (1872), marble, Baltimore Museum of Art.^[26] Marble (1872) at Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[27]
• Latona and Her Children – Apollo and Diana (modeled c. 1870–1872), plaster, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.^[28] Marble replica (1874) at Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[29]
• Atalanta (1874), marble, Baltimore Museum of Art.^{[30] [31]}

See also

• Maryland Institute College of Art
• Walters Art Museum
• Neoclassicism
• Arthur Quartley (American painter; friend of William Henry Rinehart)
  • Roger B. Taney (sculpture) Revolutionary War Door, which was completed by Reinhart and hangs in the U.S. Capitol

References

Articles

• Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.) William Henry Rinehart (1825–1874) (New York : The Museum, ©1999–©2001)
• Stebbins, Theodore E. William Henry Rinehart (Boston, MA : Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 1992)

Books

• Davenport, Ray, Davenport's Art Reference and Price Guide, Gold Edition (Ventura, California, 2005) ;
• Ross, Marvin C. Walters Art Gallery; Johns Hopkins University; Peabody Institute. A catalogue of the work of William Henry Rinehart, Maryland sculptor, 1825–1874 (Baltimore: Trustees of the Peabody Institute and the Walters Art Gallery, 1948)
• Rusk, William Sener. William Henry Rinehart, sculptor (Baltimore, Md., N.T.A. Munder, 1939)
• Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography, edited by James Grant Wilson and John Fiske, New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1887–1889

External links

• Page on William Henry Rinehart at the Metropolitan Museum of Art [includes '''IMAGES''' of some of Rinehart's works in the museum's collection]
• Artcyclopedia page on William Henry Rinehart [features links to many '''IMAGES''' of the sculptures at museums and public collections]
• Askart.com page on William Henry Rinehart [includes an '''IMAGE''']
• Marylandartsource.com page on William Henry Rinehart
• Auction result, Sotheby's, New York, 24 May 2006, with COLOR IMAGE

Notes and References

1. Web site: Rinehart, William Henry. 31 October 2011. Benezit Dictionary of Artists. Oxford University Press. October 6, 2024.
2. Web site: William Henry Rinehart: Mrs. Cleveland . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110526022807/http://www.cmoa.org/searchcollections/details.aspx?item=1035767 . May 26, 2011 . Carnegie Museum of Art.
3. Web site: Bust of the Artist's Mother, Mrs. Israel Rinehart (Mary Snader, 1797-1868) The Walters Art Museum . 2024-10-08 . Online Collection of the Walters Art Museum . en.
4. News: Mr. David Rinehart died... . 1903-01-24 . . 3 . . 2024-03-10.
5. Book: Waldo Newcomer. [{{Google books|3nZUAAAAYAAJ|page=31|plainurl=yes}} A Biographical Sketch of Benjamin Franklin Newcomer]. 1902. 31–32. 2022-12-13.
6. Web site: Morning Smithsonian American Art Museum . 2024-10-08 . americanart.si.edu . en.
7. Web site: Evening Smithsonian American Art Museum . 2024-10-08 . americanart.si.edu . en.
8. Web site: Davis . Sarah . December 31, 2015 . Around the Clocks . 2024-10-08 . Architect of the Capitol.
9. Web site: Native American Representation in Art . October 8, 2024 . Architect of the Capitol.
10. Web site: [Backwoodsman figure for the clock in the House of Representatives chamber] ]. 2024-10-08 . Library of Congress.
11. Web site: ['Indian' figure for the clock in the House of Representatives chamber] ]. 2024-10-08 . Library of Congress.
12. Web site: Sleeping Children Smithsonian American Art Museum . 2023-11-25 . americanart.si.edu . en.
13. Web site: The Woman of Samaria The Walters Art Museum . 2024-10-07 . Online Collection of the Walters Art Museum . en.
14. Web site: Leander, (scuplture) . October 8, 2024 . Smithsonian.
15. Web site: Leander . 2024-10-08 . chrysler.emuseum.com . en.
16. Web site: Bust of Mrs. William T. Walters (née Ellen Harper) The Walters Art Museum . 2024-10-08 . Online Collection of the Walters Art Museum . en.
17. Web site: Hero Smithsonian American Art Museum . 2024-10-08 . americanart.si.edu . en.
18. Web site: Antigone Pouring a Libation over the Corpse of Her Brother Polynices Smithsonian American Art Museum . 2024-10-08 . americanart.si.edu . en.
19. Web site: Antigone Pouring a Libation over the Corpse of Her Brother Polynices . October 8, 2024 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
20. News: Hicks . Josh . Wiggins . Ovetta . 2023-04-08 . Justice Taney defended slavery in 1857. Now his statue is gone from Md.’s State House. . 2024-10-07 . Washington Post . en-US . 0190-8286.
21. Web site: Campbell . Colin . August 16, 2017 . Broadwater . Luke . Citing 'safety and security,' Pugh has Baltimore Confederate monuments taken down . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20231217224932/https://www.baltimoresun.com/2017/08/16/citing-safety-and-security-pugh-has-baltimore-confederate-monuments-taken-down/ . December 17, 2023 . October 7, 2024 . The Baltimore Sun.
22. Web site: Endymion Smithsonian American Art Museum . 2024-10-07 . americanart.si.edu . en.
23. Web site: Endymion, model by 1870, carved c. 1874-1875 . October 7, 2024 . National Gallery of Art.
24. Web site: Endymion . 2024-10-07 . Explore Baltimore Heritage . en.
25. Web site: Dennies . Nathan . Green Mount Cemetery . 2024-10-07 . Explore Baltimore Heritage . en.
26. Web site: Clytie . 2024-10-07 . baltimore.emuseum.com . en.
27. Web site: William Henry Rinehart Clytie American . 2024-10-07 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art . en.
28. Web site: Latona and Her Children Smithsonian American Art Museum . 2024-10-08 . americanart.si.edu . en.
29. Web site: William Henry Rinehart Latona and Her Children, Apollo and Diana American . 2024-10-08 . The Metropolitan Museum of Art . en.
30. https://www.flickr.com/photos/piedmont_fossil/2094658608/ Atalanta
31. Web site: Atalanta . 2024-10-07 . baltimore.emuseum.com . en.