Voiceless bilabial nasal explained

The voiceless bilabial nasal (stop) is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨pronounced as /m̥/⟩, a combination of the letter for the voiced bilabial nasal and a diacritic indicating voicelessness. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is m_0.

Features

Features of the voiceless bilabial nasal:

Occurrence

Language		Word		Meaning	Notes
Aleut		Aleut: qu'''hm'''ax̂	pronounced as /[qum̥aχ]/	'white'	Voiced approximants and nasals may be partly devoiced in contact with a voiceless consonant and at the end of a word.
Alutiiq		keg'''hm'''arluku	pronounced as /[kəɡm̥aχluku]/	'bite it repeatedly'	Contrasts with voiced pronounced as //m//.
		Burmese: [[Burmese alphabet|မှား]]/	pronounced as /[m̥á]/	'false'
		piste'''ḿ'''un	pronounced as /[ˈpistəm̥un]/	'to the servant'
English	RP	stop me	[{{IPA|ˈstɒp͡m̥ mɪ}}]	stop me
		Estonian: [[Estonian alphabet|leh'''m''']]	pronounced as /[ˈlehm̥]/	'cow'	Word-final allophone of pronounced as //m// after pronounced as //t, s, h//. See Estonian phonology
		French: [[French orthography|pris'''m'''e]]	pronounced as /[pχism̥]/	'prism'	Allophone of word-final pronounced as //m// after voiceless consonants. See French phonology
	White Hmong	[[Romanized Popular Alphabet|'''Hm'''oob]]	pronounced as /[m̥ɔ̃́]/	'Hmong'	Contrasts with voiced pronounced as //m//. In Green Mong, it has merged with /m/.
		Icelandic: [[Icelandic orthography|ke'''m'''pa]]	pronounced as /[cʰɛm̥pa]/	'hero'	Allophonic variation of pronounced as //m// before voiceless plosives. Minimally contrastive with /m/ before voiced plosives: Icelandic: kemba pronounced as /[cʰɛmpa]/ 'to comb'. See Icelandic phonology
		'''hm'''a	pronounced as /[m̥a]/	'black'	Contrasts with a voiced and a laryngealized bilabial nasal.
		[[Cyrillic script|лē'''ӎӎ'''ьк]]/	pronounced as /[lʲeːm̥ʲːk]/	'strap'
		Creek: ca'''mh'''cá:ka	pronounced as /[t͡ʃəm̥t͡ʃɑːɡə]/	'bell'	Allophone of /m/ before /h/ when in the same syllable.
		Ukrainian: [[Ukrainian alphabet|рит'''м''']]/	pronounced as /[rɪt̪m̥]/	'rhythm'	Word-final allophone of pronounced as //m// after voiceless consonants. See Ukrainian phonology
		Washo: '''M'''ášdɨmmi	pronounced as /[ˈm̥aʃdɨmmi]/	'he's hiding'
		Welsh: [[Welsh orthography|fy '''mh'''en]]	pronounced as /[və m̥ɛn]/	'my head'	Occurs as the nasal mutation of pronounced as //p//. See Welsh phonology
	Lower	pronounced as /[m̥ɛ̃˦]/		'medicine'	Contrasts with the voiced pronounced as //m//.
	Upper
		Sichuan Yi; Nuosu: [[yi script|ꂓ]]	pronounced as /[m̥i]/	'name'

See also

• Index of phonetics articles
• Voiced bilabial nasal

References

• Asu . Eva Liina . Teras . Pire . 2009 . Estonian . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 39 . 3 . 367–372 . 10.1017/s002510030999017x . free.
• Book: Bergsland, Knut . Aleut grammar: = Unangam Tunuganaan Achixaasix̂ . 1997 . Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska . 978-1-55500-064-6 . Research papers / Alaska Native Language Center . Fairbanks.
• Chirkova . Katia . Chen . Yiya . 2013 . Xumi, Part 1: Lower Xumi, the Variety of the Lower and Middle Reaches of the Shuiluo River . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 43 . 3 . 363–379 . 10.1017/S0025100313000157 . free . 26347850 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170507233339/http://katia-chirkova.info/resources/publications/KC2013Xumi1.pdf . 2017-05-07.
• Chirkova . Katia . Chen . Yiya . Kocjančič Antolík . Tanja . 2013 . Xumi, Part 2: Upper Xumi, the Variety of the Upper Reaches of the Shuiluo River . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 43 . 3 . 381–396 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200423015938/http://www.katia-chirkova.info/resources/publications/KC2013Xumi2.pdf . 2020-04-23 . 10.1017/S0025100313000169 . free.
• Book: Danyenko . Andrii . Vakulenko . Serhii . 1995 . Ukrainian . Lincom Europa . 9783929075083 . München .
• Book: Gerner, Matthias . Bossong . Georg . Comrie . Bernar . Epps . Patiencce L. . Nikolaeva . Irina . 14 October 2013 . 64 . A Grammar of Nuosu . Phonology . 9783110308679 . 0933-7636 . . 10.1515/9783110308679.
• PhD . Jacobsen . William Horton . 15 August 1964 . A grammar of the Washo language . . eScholarship.
• Book: Jacobson, Steven . 1995 . A Practical Grammar of the Central Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimo Language . Fairbanks . Alaska Native Language Center . 978-1-55500-050-9.
• Jessen . Michael . Pétursson . Magnús . Journal of the International Phonetic Association . 28 . 1/2 . 1998 . 43–53 . Voiceless Nasal Phonemes in Icelandic . . 10.1017/S002510030000623X . 44526855 . 143745742.
• Book: Jones, Glyn E. . 1984 . Welsh Phonology: Selected Readings . The distinctive vowels and consonants of Welsh . Martin J. . Ball . Glyn E. . Jones . Cardiff . University of Wales Press . 40–64 . 0-7083-0861-9.
• Web site: Kuruch . Rimma . ru:Краткий грамматический очерк саамского языка . Brief grammatical sketch of the Sami language . 1985 . 2006 . ru . http://saamruss.narod.ru/grammatika_saamskogo_jazyka_ver_1_0.pdf.
  • Book: Martin, Jack B. . 2011 . . A Grammar of Creek (Muskogee) . General phonological processes . 9780803211063 . Google Books.
• Book: Ratliff, Martha . 2003 . Bradley . David . LaPolla . Randy . Michialovsky . Boyd . Thurgood . Graham . . Language variation: Papers on variation and change in the Sinosphere and in the Indosphere in honour of James A. Matisoff . David Bradley (linguist) . Randy LaPolla . Graham Thurgood . Martha Ratliff . Hmong secret languages: themes and variations . 21–34 . 0-85883-540-1 . 10.15144/PL-555.21 . free . 1885/146727.
• Book: Walter, Henriette . Henriette Walter . 1977 . La phonologie du français . . . Les phonèmes nasals sont généralement réalisés comme des consonnes sonores, mais il peut y avoir des réalisations sourdes (rhumatisme prononcé [-sm̥]). Ces réalisations sourdes se rencontrent en particulier en finale absolue, après consonne sourde.
• Book: Wells, John C. . Accents of English 2: The British Isles . Cambridge University Press . 1982 . 0-521-24224-X . Cambridge . John C. Wells.

External links

pronounced as /navigation/