| Election Name: | 1956 United States Senate special election in South Carolina |
| Country: | South Carolina |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1954 United States Senate election in South Carolina |
| Previous Year: | 1954 |
| Next Election: | 1960 United States Senate election in South Carolina |
| Next Year: | 1960 |
| Image1: | Governor Strom Thurmond b&w crop.jpg |
| Nominee1: | Strom Thurmond |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 245,371 |
| Percentage1: | 100.00% |
| U.S. Senator | |
| Before Election: | Thomas A. Wofford |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Strom Thurmond |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Map Size: | 250px |
The 1956 South Carolina United States Senate special election was held on November 6, 1956, to select the U.S. Senator from the state of South Carolina simultaneously with the regular Senate election. The election resulted from the resignation of Senator Strom Thurmond on April 4, 1956, who was keeping a campaign pledge he had made in the 1954 election. Thurmond was unopposed in his bid to complete the remaining four years of the term.
Senator Strom Thurmond faced no opposition from South Carolina Democrats and avoided a primary election. There was a possibility that Governor George Bell Timmerman Jr. might enter the race, but Thurmond was held in such high regard by the voters that there would have been no chance of defeating him. With no challenge to the remainder of the term, Thurmond did not conduct a campaign and rejoined his old law firm in Aiken until he returned to the Senate after the general election.
|-| | colspan=5 |Democratic hold|-