Ultras (ice hockey) explained

Ultras are a type of ice hockey fans mainly in European ice hockey culture who are known for their fanatical support of a club. The term originated in Italy and comes from the Latin word ultra, meaning "beyond" or "farther", but is used worldwide to describe predominantly organised fans of sports clubs. Ultras fans in ice hockey are known for organised chants, tifo choreographies, flags and sometimes flares.[1] [2] [3]

Ultras in ice hockey are known for violence and hooliganism.[4] [5] [6] Some ice hockey teams have association football sections and share fans and fan groups with them. Some ultras groups are linked to far-right ideologies and fascism.[7] [8]

Europe

Finland

The first ultras groups in Finnish hockey were HC TPS' Sissiryhmä founded in the early 2000s, Helsingin Jokerit's fan group Ultras Jokerit[9] and Vaasan Sport's Ultras 06 founded in 2004, and Lahti Pelicans' Ääriliike founded in 2005,[10] and Porin Ässät's fan group Pataljoona founded in 2008.[11]

Most of the first wave ultras groups no longer exist. HC TPS supporters go by the name Mutka. Since 2023 the ultras section of Jokerit went by Katupojat until being disestablished in 2024.[12] Pelicans' different supporter groups have united as Lahen Turkoosi. Among the second-wave ultras groups activated during the 2010s are Ilves' Osasto 41,[13] Poromafia of Oulun Kärpät,[14] Raumam Boja of Lukko Rauma,[15] Men Behaving Badly Kouvola of KooKoo,[16] Viikinkiveljet of Jukurit[17] and Hermes Loyals of Hermes.[18] [19] Porin Ässät used to have an ultras group called Etulinja.[20]

Germany

Since the early 2000s, the ultras ieology has also become established in the German ice hockey fan scene, and various ultra groups can be found in many ice rinks and arenas from the DEL to the minor leagues.[21] However, the first ultra-similar groups formed earlier. In the mid-1990s the first choreographies were seen in Munich and the Munich Supporters were formed. The ultras group Red Line was founded in Krefeld in 1996. Groups also formed in Augsburg and Schwenningen before the turn of the millennium. Choreography and other ultra features were viewed very skeptically at the time, but are now common practice in many arenas. In the relatively small scene there are a lot of contacts between the active people of the various groups. Violence occurs irregularly between ultra groups in various clubs.[22] [23]

Sweden

Two of the biggest ultras groups in Swedish ice hockey belong to rival teams Djurgårdens IF and AIK IF.[24] [25]

Switzerland

The most common violations of law by ultras and hooligans in the 2019–20 ice hockey and football season were infringements of the explosives law, not adhering to the ban on face-coverings and engaging in violence or intimidation towards authorities.[26]

Some ultras groups in Switzerland include the Friburgensis of the Fribourg-Gotteron[27] and the ZSC Lions ultras groups.[28]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2023-01-16 . Interview mit ZSC-CEO Peter Zahner – «Jetzt gibt es keine Choreos mehr, keine Fahnen, keine Trommeln» . 2024-03-24 . Der Landbote . de.
  2. Web site: 2021-10-30 . Häikäisevä tifo! SaiPa-faneilta upea kunnianosoitus seuralegendalle – "Ikuinen kapteeni" . 2024-03-24 . mtvuutiset.fi . fi.
  3. Web site: 2022-11-01 . Vierasfanit aiottiin jo kieltää, odotettavissa soihtuja ja jännitteitä – Huomenna räjähtää pohjoismainen jääkiekkoruutitynnyri . 2024-03-24 . Jatkoaika.com - Kaikki jääkiekosta . fi.
  4. Web site: 2023-10-05 . Ilveksen faniryhmä tuomitsee tiukasti viimeaikaiset ylilyönnit: "Tällainen käytös ei ole hyväksyttävää" . 2024-03-24 . Aamulehti . fi.
  5. Web site: 2012-05-16 . Kolumni: Kiekkohuumassa pelottava puoli . 2024-03-24 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  6. Web site: Hockey and football fans fight in Geneva . 2024-03-24 . WRS . en.
  7. Web site: 2017-09-26 . Kan stoppas – från matchen i Leksand . 2024-03-24 . www.aftonbladet.se . sv.
  8. Web site: 2017-09-26 . Efter "avslöjandet": "Vi är inte fascister" . 2024-03-24 . www.aftonbladet.se . sv.
  9. Web site: 2016-09-19 . Jokerit ja kannattajat murroksen tiellä Faneille.com . 2024-03-25 . faneille.com . fi.
  10. Web site: 2016-04-15 . Pelicansin kannattajat keräävät tunnelmapaloja . 2024-03-25 . Uusi Lahti . fi.
  11. Web site: 2021-10-16 . Ässien faniryhmältä ulosmarssi kesken avauserän – katsomoon jätetty kyltti kertoi olennaisen . 2024-03-25 . mtvuutiset.fi . fi.
  12. Web site: Katupojat . 2024-03-25 . katupoj.at.
  13. Web site: 2022-04-04 . Osasto 41 sytyttää hurmoksen sekä koti- että vieraskentillä . 2024-03-25 . Tampereen Ilves . fi.
  14. Web site: 2023-03-11 . Katso: Kärpät-faneilta huomattava kannanotto runkosarjan päätöskierroksella . 2024-03-25 . mtvuutiset.fi . fi.
  15. Web site: 2019-01-11 . Raumam Boja . 2024-03-25 . Kouvolan Sanomat . fi.
  16. Web site: 2016-01-09 . Kaakon parhaat jääkiekkojoukkueet pelaavat Kouvolassa - Lappeenrannasta tulee junallinen SaiPan faneja jäähalliin . 2024-08-28 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  17. Web site: Jalonen . Krister . 2017-10-05 . SM-liigaseuran faniryhmillä erikoinen riita – kiistakapulana suhtautuminen kehitysvammaisiin ja vanhuksiin . 2024-08-28 . Ilta-Sanomat . fi.
  18. Web site: 2022-12-30 . Topias Liljamon huikea yksilösuoritus paketoi pelin jatkoajalla – Katso videolta kannattajaryhmä Hermes Loyalsin tunnelmia . 2024-08-28 . Keskipohjanmaa . fi.
  19. Web site: Stor dramatik när Hermes slog JoKP - Takala avgjorde 13 sekunder före fulltid . 2024-08-28 . osterbottenstidning.fi . sv.
  20. Web site: 2013-08-13 . Ässien tosifaneille oma katsomo . 2024-03-25 . Yle Uutiset . fi.
  21. Web site: 2022-02-14 . Polizei-Präsenz bringt Ruhe in die Scheune . 2024-03-24 . www.merkur.de . de.
  22. News: Reaktion auf Fan-Krawalle im Eishockey: "Hooliganismus gegenüber haben wir null Toleranz" . 2024-03-24 . Der Tagesspiegel Online . de-DE . 1865-2263.
  23. Web site: 2022-12-05 . Nach den Winter-Games: Massenschlägerei zwischen Eishockey-Ultras aus Köln und Mannheim . 2024-03-24 . Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger . de.
  24. Web site: Bexell . Patrik . 2019-03-05 . "If there's no fans, there's no game": The relationship between team and supporter . 2024-03-24 . Habs Eyes on the Prize . en-US.
  25. Web site: Staff . BarDown . 2019-05-03 . Fans of SHL's Djurgarden responded to finals loss with an incredible show of support - Article . 2024-03-24 . BARDOWN . en.
  26. Web site: swissinfo.ch . S. W. I. . 2020-10-01 . Violence still affects Swiss football and ice hockey games . 2024-08-27 . SWI swissinfo.ch . en-GB.
  27. Web site: Liberté . La . 2019-11-27 . After harsh sanctions - Fribourg-Ultras want to file an appeal . 2024-08-27 . swisshockeynews.ch . en-us.
  28. Web site: 2023-01-17 . «Das ist nicht akzeptabel» – ZSC Lions verbieten Trommeln und Fahnen . 2024-08-27 . 20 Minuten . de.

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