| Tourney Name: | UEFA Cup |
| Year: | 1982–83 |
| Dates: | 8 September 1982 – 18 May 1983 |
| Num Teams: | 64 |
| Associations: | 31 |
| Champion Other: | Anderlecht |
| Count: | 1 |
| Second Other: | Benfica |
| Matches: | 126 |
| Goals: | 352 |
| Attendance: | 3034148 |
| Top Scorer: | Zoran Filipović (Benfica) 8 goals |
| Prevseason: | 1981–82 |
| Nextseason: | 1983–84 |
The 1982–83 UEFA Cup was the 12th edition of the UEFA Cup, the third-tier club football competition organised by UEFA. The final was played over two legs at the Heysel Stadium, Brussels, Belgium, and at the Estádio da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal, between Anderlecht of Belgium and Benfica of Portugal. Anderlecht won by an aggregate result of 2–1 to claim their first and only UEFA Cup title.
As of 2024, Anderlecht remains the only Belgian team to have won either the UEFA Cup or its successor tournament, the UEFA Europa League. It was also their third and final win in a European competition, following the 1975–76 and 1977–78 editions of the European Cup Winners' Cup.
A total of 64 teams from 31 UEFA member associations participated in the 1982–83 UEFA Cup, all entering from the first round over six knock-out rounds. The association ranking based on the UEFA country coefficients is used to determine the number of participating teams for each association:
For the 1982–83 UEFA Cup, the associations are allocated places according to their 1981 UEFA country coefficients, which takes into account their performance in European competitions from 1976–77 to 1980–81.
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The labels in the parentheses show how each team qualified for competition:
The schedule of the competition was as follows. Matches were scheduled for Wednesdays, though some matches exceptionally took place on Tuesdays or Thursdays.
| First round | 8–29 September 1982 | 28 September – 6 October 1982 | |
| Second round | 20–21 October 1982 | 3–4 November 1982 | |
| Third round | 24 November 1982 | 8 December 1982 | |
| Quarter-finals | 2 March 1983 | 16 March 1983 | |
| Semi-finals | 6 April 1983 | 20 April 1983 | |
| Final | 4 May 1983 | 18 May 1983 |
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Sevilla won 6–1 on aggregate.----Bohemians won 7–1 on aggregate.----1–1 on aggregate; KSC Lokeren won on away goals.----Corvinul Hunedoara won 4–1 on aggregate.----Kaiserslautern won 6–0 on aggregate.----Saint-Étienne won 4–1 on aggregate.----FK Sarajevo won 6–4 on aggregate.----Hajduk Split won 8–1 on aggregate.----Baník Ostrava won 4–1 on aggregate.----Śląsk Wrocław won 3–2 on aggregate.----3–3 on aggregate; Viking won on away goals.----Anderlecht won 6–1 on aggregate.----IK Brage won 4–3 on aggregate.----2–2 on aggregate; IFK Norrköping won on away goals.----Bordeaux won 6–3 on aggregate.----3–3 on aggregate; Werder Bremen won on away goals.----Ferencvárosi won 3–2 on aggregate.----HFC Haarlem won 5–4 on aggregate.----2–2 on aggregate; PAOK won on away goals.----Zürich won 3–2 on aggregate.----Benfica won 4–2 on aggregate.----Roma won 4–3 on aggregate.----Rangers won 2–0 on aggregate.----Dundee United won 3–1 on aggregate.----2–2 on aggregate; Napoli won on away goals.----Servette won 4–0 on aggregate.----Spartak Moscow won 8–4 on aggregate.----Universitatea Craiova won 3–2 on aggregate.----Valencia won 2–1 on aggregate.----Porto won 3–0 on aggregate.----Shamrock Rovers won 7–0 on aggregate.----Köln won 6–0 on aggregate.
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See also: Luzhniki disaster. ------------------------------------ ----------------
Universitatea Craiova won 5–0 on aggregate.----FK Sarajevo won 8–4 on aggregate.----Valencia won 1–0 on aggregate.---- Bohemians won 4–0 on aggregate.----Werder Bremen won 8–2 on aggregate.----
1–1 on aggregate. Roma won 4–2 on penalties.----Benfica won 4–1 on aggregate.----Bordeaux won 5–4 on aggregate.----FC Zürich won 2–1 on aggregate.----Kaiserslautern won 4–1 on aggregate.----Köln won 6–2 on aggregate.----Spartak Moscow won 5–1 on aggregate.----Dundee United won 3–1 on aggregate.----Sevilla won 4–2 on aggregate.----Anderlecht won 6–3 on aggregate.----Servette won 7–1 on aggregate.
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Universitatea Craiova won 2–1 on aggregate.----Roma won 2–1 on aggregate.----Anderlecht won 6–2 on aggregate.----Bohemians won 4–3 on aggregate.----Valencia won 2–0 on aggregate.----Dundee United won 3–2 on aggregate.----Kaiserslautern won 4–1 on aggregate.----Benfica won 5–1 on aggregate.
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3–3 on aggregate; Universitatea Craiova won on away goals.----Anderlecht won 5–2 on aggregate.----Bohemians won 1–0 on aggregate.----Benfica won 3–2 on aggregate.
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1–1 on aggregate; Benfica won on away goals.----Anderlecht won 4–1 on aggregate
See main article: 1983 UEFA Cup final.
Anderlecht won 2–1 on aggregate.