United States v. Moylan explained

United States v. Moylan, 417 F.2d 1002, 1003 (4th Cir. 1969),^[2] was a United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit case affirming a district court's refusal to permit defense counsel to argue for jury nullification.^[3]

Background

Mary Moylan and seven others entered the office of the local draft board in Catonsville, Maryland on May 17, 1968, removed approximately 378 files, and took them to an adjacent parking lot where they burned the files with homemade napalm. They admitted committing these acts as a protest against the war in Vietnam. They were indicted, tried, and convicted in Federal district court and then appealed the conviction to the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals.

The appellants based their appeal on asserted errors in the trial court's instructions to the jury. Their two claims were:

1. The trial court erred on the definition of criminal intent and the meaning of "willfully"; they argued for a more expansive interpretation of the word "willful", i.e. that no violation occurred unless defendants performed the admitted acts with a bad purpose or motive. Since they acted from good motives (to protest a war which they sincerely believed was not only illegal but immoral) they could not have "willfully" violated the statutes.^[4]
2. The trial judge should have informed the jury that it had the power to acquit the defendants even if they were clearly guilty of the offenses under the letter of the law, or at least the court should have permitted their attorney to explain that to the jury.^[5]

Decision

The appeals court issued its decision on October 15, 1969 by a unanimous 3–0 majority, with Judge Sobeloff giving the majority opinion affirming the district court's conviction.

They rejected the first claim:

They also rejected the second claim. While conceding that the jury has the power to acquit even if that verdict is contrary to the law and evidence, informing the jury that they have that power is neither necessary nor desirable:^[5]

See also

• Sparf and Hansen v. United States

See also

• Jury nullification

External links

• • United States v. Moylan, 417 F.2d 1002 | Casetext Search + Citator

Notes and References

1. https://www.thsintl.org/jury-nullification.html In1969 US vs Moylan, courts recognized “the jury has the power to acquit, and the courts must abide by that decision.” However, they also ruled that the court was not required to instruct or inform the jurors.
2. Web site: United States v. Moylan | Fourth Circuit | 10-15-1969 | www.anylaw.com. www.anylaw.com.
3. Web site: United States v. Moylan, 417 F.2d 1002 | Casetext Search + Citator. casetext.com.
4. "Moylan"
5. Richard B Allen (December 1969). "What's New in the Law". American Bar Association Journal. Vol 55. p. 1177.