TPAO explained

Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı (TPAO) (Turkish Petroleum Corporation) was founded in 1954 by Law No. 6327 with the responsibility of being involved in hydrocarbon exploration, drilling, production, refinery and marketing activities of oil and gas in Turkey as the national company.^[1]

Until 1983, as an integrated oil company, it was engaged in all the activities fields of oil industry from exploration to production, refinery, marketing and transportation. Today, TPAO is a national oil company involved in merely upstream (exploration, drilling, well completion and production) sector.^[2]

On November 25, 2024, Zeren Group announced that it had completed the purchase of TPAO.^[3]

Exploration

In 2013, the company purchased the seismographic research/survey vessel RV Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa worth US$130 million for gas and oil field exploration in Black Sea^[4] and the Mediterranean Sea.^[5]

Fleet

!Name!Built by!Type!Generation!Acquired!Note^[6]

Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa	Polarcus	Seismic research vessel	rowspan="2"	-	2013	[7]
MTA Oruç Reis	İstanbul Naval Shipyard	Seismic research vessel	2017	[8]
Fatih	Hyundai Heavy Industries	Ultra deepwater drillship	Sixth	2017	[9] [10]
Yavuz	Samsung Heavy Industries	Ultra deepwater drillship	Sixth	2018	[11]
Kanuni	Samsung Heavy Industries	Ultra deepwater drillship	Sixth	2020
Abdülhamid Han	Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering	Ultra deepwater drillship	Seventh	2021
-	-	Floating gas operating platform ship	-		On order. Expected acquisition in 2024.[12]

Projects

Azerbaijan projects:

• Azeri–Chirag–Guneshli project with 5.73% share^[13]
• Shah Deniz gas field project with 19% share^[14]
• Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline project with 6.53% share^[15]
• South Caucasus Pipeline project with 9% share^[16]
• Alov Exploration project with 10% share

Iraq projects:

• Badra Oil Field Development project with 10% share^[17]
• Missan Oil Field Development project with 11.25% share^[18]
• Siba Gas Field Development project with 40% share^[19]
• Mansuriya Gas Field Development project with 37.5% share (operator)^[20]

Russia project:

TPAO acquired 49% of shares in MOL's BaiTex LLC, which holds the hydrocarbon licenses for Baituganskoye field and Yerilkinsky block in the Volga-Ural region, Russia.^[21]

Milestones

• 1954: Foundation; capital: 150 million TL^[22]
• 1958: The first discovery; Germik Field^[23]
• 1959: The first district management “Batman”^[24]
• 1960: Application of secondary recovery process^[25]
• 1960: Establishment of İPRAŞ^[26]
• 1961: Discovery of the biggest oil field in Turkey - Batı Raman Field^[27]
• 1963: Establishment of the first service station^[28]
• 1965: Establishment of PETKİM^[29]
• 1966: Establishment of İPRAGAZ^[30]
• 1967: Establishment of Aliağa Refinery in İzmir^[31]
• 1967: Opening of the first pipeline (Batman-Dörtyol-İskenderun)^[32]
• 1968: Annual production: 1 million barrels
• 1968: TPAO Batman Orchestra awarded "Golden Microphone"^[33]
• 1969: Establishment of TÜMAŞ^[34]
• 1970: The first offshore exploration: Payas-1
• 1970: The first natural gas discovery: Thrace/Hamitabat^[35]
• 1971: Adıyaman's first oil discovery^[36]
• 1971: Establishment of İGSAŞ^[37]
• 1972: Adıyaman-Sarıl Oil Pipeline start-up
• 1974: Establishment of DİTAŞ, BOTAŞ and ADAŞ^[38]
• 1974: Establishment of research center
• 1974: Establishment of Cyprus Turkish Petroleum Ltd. Company^[39]
• 1975: Establishment of ISILİTAŞ
• 1975: 100 million barrels in production
• 1975: TPAO ranks 204th of the world's biggest companies at Fortune except USA
• 1976: Driiling of Akçakoca-1 well in the Black Sea^[40]
• 1977: Establishment of Ankara Drilling District Management^[41]
• 1980: New exploration strategies, big increase in discoveries^[42]
• 1980: TPAO ranks 97th of the world's biggest companies at Fortune except USA
• 1983: Establishment of Libya Arab-Turkish joint engineering and architecture company^[43]
• 1983: Status change in TPAO and disintegration starts
• 1983: TPAO assumed the title of the most oil producing company in Turkey
• 1984: Establishment of the second district management - “Thrace District Management”
• 1985: TPAO ranks 63rd of the world's biggest companies at Fortune except USA
• 1986: Establishment of Kırıkkale Refinery^[44]
• 1986: Drilling record in Turkey in 123 wells with
• 1987: The deepest drilling in Demre-1 (Kaş-Antalya)
• 1987: TPAO in the international Arenaı
• 1988: Discoveries of Karakuş oil field in Adıyaman and K. Marmara natural gas fields in Marmara Sea^[45]
• 1988: Establishment of Turkish Petroleum International Company (TPIC)^[46]
• 1989: TPAO ranks 298th at Fortune except USA
• 1991: Modernization in interpretation systems-3D interpretation
• 1991: The first golden year - record in production of 50 years - 75,000 barrels/day - discovery of Karakuş oil field
• 1992: Establishment of the third district management “Adıyaman District Management”^[47]
• 1993: Establishment of joint company KTM Ltd.
• 1997: First offshore production in Kuzey Marmara Field
• 1998: First oil discovery in Western Anatolia; Alaşehir-1^[48]
• 1999: TPAO initializes the first underground natural gas storage in Turkey
• 1999: Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan (BTC) main export oil pipeline project^[49]
• 2001: South Caucasus Natural Gas Pipeline Project (SCP)^[50]
• 2004: First natural gas discovery in Western Black Sea; Ayazlı-1^[51]
• 2007: Second golden year: 100,000 barrels/day production
• 2007: Starting of commercial activity of Northern Marmara and Değirmenköy (Silivri) Depleted Gas Reservoir^[52]
• 2007: First natural gas production in the Black Sea
• 2009: New drilling record; the drilling of the world's 46th deepest well with a vertical depth of 7,216 m
• 2010: Deep water drilling with "Leiv Eiriksson", Sinop-1 and Yassıhöyük-1; the first deep water operatorship (Yassıhöyük-1)
• 2011: Deep water drilling, Sürmene-1
• 2011: Installation of Akçakoca offshore platform^[53]

Four Korean-built deepwater drillships are bought, named after four Ottoman sultans, and put into commission

• 2018: Fatih^[54]
• 2019: Yavuz
• 2020: Kanuni
• 2022: Abdülhamid Han

Finance

In 2019, TPAO made an operating loss of 239 thousand lira for each of its 3700 employees.^[55]

External links

• Company website

Notes and References

1. Web site: 2022-05-13 . TPAO to drill 150 wells this year - Latest News . 2024-11-12 . Hürriyet Daily News . en.
2. Web site: Türkiye Petrolleri A.O. www.tpao.gov.tr. 17 April 2018. 14 August 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180814083716/http://www.tpao.gov.tr/eng/?tp=m&id=3. dead.
3. Web site: Zeren Group Completes Acquisition of Türkiye Petrolleri. Yahoo! Finance. 2024-11-30. en.
4. Web site: Ganta . Himaja . 2020-08-24 . Turkey's state-owned TPAO makes gas discovery in Western Black Sea . 2024-11-12 . Offshore Technology . en-US.
5. News: Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa Gemisi Hizmete Alındı . . 2013-02-23 . tr . 2013-02-23 .
6. Web site: Çetin . Ahmet . 2021-04-22 . Türkiye'nin Sondaj Filosu . 2024-07-21 . Mavi Vatan . tr.
7. Web site: BARBAROS HAYREDDIN P, Research Vessel - Gemi detayları ve güncel harita konumu - IMO 9538103 - VesselFinder . 2024-07-21 . www.vesselfinder.com.
8. Web site: MTA Genel Müdürlüğü . 2024-07-21 . www.mta.gov.tr.
9. Web site: FATIH, Drilling Ship - Gemi detayları ve güncel harita konumu - IMO 9503770 - VesselFinder . 2024-07-21 . www.vesselfinder.com.
10. Web site: Yacht . Ada . Fatih Sondaj Gemisi ve Görevleri . 2024-07-21 . Ada Yacht . tr.
11. Web site: Türkiye Yüzyılı - FATİH, YAVUZ, KANUNİ VE ABDÜLHAMİD HAN Sondaj Gemileri . 2024-07-21 . Türkiye Yüzyılı . tr.
12. Web site: Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan: Yeni bir doğal gaz gemisi alıyoruz . 2024-07-21 . www.aa.com.tr.
13. Web site: 2024-08-19 . bp outlines Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli field block prospects (Exclusive) . 2024-11-12 . Trend.Az . en.
14. Web site: Turkey's TPAO gets $1.0 bln Loan from Isbank, Vakifbank for Shah Deniz Stake . 2024-11-12 . www.iene.eu . en.
15. Web site: Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline fact sheet . 2024-11-12 . European Commission - European Commission.
16. Web site: South Caucasus Pipeline (SCP) - SGC . 2024-11-12 . www.sgc.az.
17. Web site: Badra Oil Field, Wasit Province - Hydrocarbons Technology . 2024-11-12 . www.hydrocarbons-technology.com.
18. Web site: Writer . NS Energy Staff . 2010-05-16 . Cnooc, TPAO Clinch Deal To Develop Iraq Missan Oil Fields . 2024-11-12 . NS Energy . en-US.
19. Web site: Türkiye strengthens global oil, gas exploration with agreements in 4 countries - Türkiye Today . 2024-11-12 . en-US.
20. Web site: Robson . Doug . 2024-05-22 . Iraq Wants to Reopen Mansuriya Gas Field . 2024-11-12 . ROGTEC . en-US.
21. Web site: Türkiye Petrolleri A.O. www.tpao.gov.tr. 17 April 2018. 5 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181105012043/http://www.tpao.gov.tr/eng/?tp=haber&id=17. dead.
22. World Bank . 17 January 1980 . Staff Appraisal Report – Turkey Petroleum Exploration Project . World Bank . 75.
23. 2006-05-01 . TURKEY - Turkey's Oil & Gas Fields - TPAO . APS Review Gas Market Trends . English . 66 . 18.
24. Web site: TPAO . TPAO Annual Report .
25. Book: IOR 1991 - 6th European Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery . 1991-05-21 . Earthdoc . 978-94-6282-133-0 . en.
26. Web site: History AYGAZ . 2024-11-15 . kurumsal.aygaz.com.tr.
27. Canbolat . Serhat . Ozturk . Hasan . Akin . Serhat . 2022-01-01 . Exploitation of Bati Raman field using advanced thermal methods: MAHOP VS. CSHP . Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering . 208 . 109802 . 10.1016/j.petrol.2021.109802 . 2022JPSE..20809802C . 0920-4105.
28. Web site: Petroleum Developments in Middle East and Adjacent Countries in 1963 .
29. Web site: Petkim EPCA . 2024-11-15 . epca.eu.
30. Web site: İpragaz – Dutch Business Association Turkey . 2024-11-15 . en-US.
31. Web site: PETKİM PETROKIMYA HOLDING A.S (Petkim-TI) .
32. Web site: 2020-07-05 . Oil transportation via Batman Dortyol pipeline through Turkey up . 2024-11-15 . Trend.Az . en.
33. Web site: Made in Turkey . 2024-11-15 . Global Popular Music . en-US.
34. Web site: TurkPak International Private Limited . 2024-11-15 . www.turkpak.com.
35. Siyako . M. . Huvaz . O. . 2007-05-15 . Eocene stratigraphic evolution of the Thrace Basin, Turkey . Sedimentary Geology . 198 . 1 . 75–91 . 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2006.11.008 . 2007SedG..198...75S . 0037-0738.
36. Ulu . M . Karahanoğlu . N . 1998-12-15 . Characterization of the Karababa-C reservoir in the South Karakuş oilfield, southeast Turkey . Marine and Petroleum Geology . 15 . 8 . 803–820 . 10.1016/S0264-8172(98)00045-2 . 1998MarPG..15..803U . 0264-8172.
37. Web site: Yıldızlar Yatırım Holding . 2024-11-19 . İGSAŞ . en.
38. Web site: TPAO SUSTAINABILITY REPORT .
39. Web site: Cyprus / Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs .
40. Web site: 2005-06-01 . Toreador produces Black Sea gas . 2024-11-19 . Offshore . en.
41. Kaymak . Erol . Reviving Peace Talks in Cyprus: Diplomatic Innovation and the New UN Envoy . 2024-11-19 . SWP Comment . 2024 . de . 10.18449/2024c07.
42. Web site: Research Article June 01, 2003 Geophysical developments and mine discoveries in the 20th century .
43. Web site: Tanchum . Michaël . Working Paper CENTRE FOR APPLIED TURKEY STUDIES (CATS) WP NR. 03, JUNE 2021 Turkey's Maghreb–West Africa Economic Architecture: Challenges and Opportunities for the European Union .
44. Web site: kgi-admin . 2023-04-18 . Refinery profile: Kirikkale cracking refinery, Turkey . 2024-11-19 . Offshore Technology . en-US.
45. Derman . Ahmet Sami . 2014 . Chapter 13: Petroleum Systems of Turkish Basins . en-US . 469–504.
46. Web site: TURKISH Petroleum International Joint Stock Company (TPIC) BOTAŞ - Boru Hatları İle Petrol Taşıma Anonim Şirketi . 2024-11-19 . www.botas.gov.tr . en.
47. Web site: International Earth Science Colloquium on the Aegean Region, IESCA-2019 A. Regional Geology of the Aegean and the Environs Carbon–isotope stratigraphy of the Cenomanian–Turonian carbonate succession of the Türkoğlu section (SE Turkey): implications for the timing of Late Cretaceous sea–level rise and anoxic event .
48. Web site: University of Plymouth . PEARL Reconciling the stratigraphy and depositional history of the Lycian orogen-top basins, SW Anatolia .
49. Web site: Baku Tbilisi Ceyhan (BTC) Socar Midstream . 2024-11-19 . www.socarmidstream.az.
50. Web site: South Caucasus Pipeline (SCP) Socar Midstream . 2024-11-19 . www.socarmidstream.az.
51. Web site: 2004-06-21 . Tertiary gas exploration well to be first in Turkish Black Sea waters in 5 years . 2024-11-19 . Oil & Gas Journal . en.
52. Web site: Today . Offshore Energy . 2018-07-19 . Petrofac, TSE JV to work on gas storage expansion project in Turkey . 2024-11-19 . Offshore Energy . en-US.
53. Web site: Türkiye Petrolleri A.O. www.tpao.gov.tr. 17 April 2018. 18 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180418032154/http://www.tpao.gov.tr/eng/index.php?tp=m&id=93. dead.
54. Web site: Türkiye's drillship Fatih begins operations in Black Sea - Türkiye Today . 2024-11-12 . en-US.
55. 2019 Annual Ownership Report for State Owned Enterprises. Ministry of Treasury and Finance (Turkey).