Trypanosoma rangeli explained

Trypanosoma rangeli is a species of hemoflagellate excavate parasites of the genus Trypanosoma. Although infecting a variety of mammalian species in a wide geographical area in Central and South America, this parasite is considered non-pathogenic to these hosts. T. rangeli is transmitted by bite of infected triatomine bugs of the Reduviidae family, commonly known as barbeiro, winchuka (vinchuca), chinche, pito ou chupão.^[1]

The genome was published in September 2014.^[2]

Occurring in sympatry with Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, in wide geographical areas in the Americas, T. rangeli shares hosts, vectors and a large amount of its antigenic coat T. cruzi leading to misdiagnosis of Chagas disease.^{[3] [4]}

Bibliography

• Bayer-Santos . E . Sincero . TCM . Stoco . PH . etal . 2007 . Trends on Trypanosoma (Herpeto-soma) rangeli research . Acta Biol Venez . 26 . 35–47 .
• Silva . FM . Noyes . H . Campaner . M . etal . 2004 . Phylogeny, taxonomy and grouping of Trypanosoma rangeli isolates from man, triatomines and sylvatic mammals from widespread geographical origin based on SSU and ITS ribosomal sequences . Parasitology . 129 . 5. 549–561 . 10.1017/S0031182004005931 . 15552400 . 15338470 .
• Grisard . EC . Steindel . M . Guarneri . AA . etal . 1999 . Characterization of Trypanosoma rangeli strains isolated in Central and South America: an overview . Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 94 . 2. 203–209 . 10.1590/s0074-02761999000200015. 10224529 . free .
• Guhl . F . Vallejo . GA . 2003 . Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) rangeli Tejera, 1920: an updated review . Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 98 . 4. 435–442 . 10.1590/s0074-02762003000400001. 12937750 . free . 1807/8078 . free .
• Meneguetti . DU . Soares . EB . Campaner . M . etal . 2014 . First report of Rhodnius montene-grensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) infection by Trypanosoma rangeli . Rev Soc Bras Med Trop . 47 . 3. 374–376 . 10.1590/0037-8682-0179-2013. 24728471 . free .
• Meirelles . RMS . Henriques-Pons . A . Soares . MJ . etal . 2005 . Penetration of the salivary glands of Rhodnius domesticus Neiva & Pinto, 1923 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) by Trypa-nosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920 (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida) . Parasitol Res . 97 . 4. 259–269 . 10.1007/s00436-005-1433-4. 15997404 . 8717723 .
• Steindel . M . Dias Neto . E . Ribeiro-Rodrigues . R . etal . 1994 . Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and isoenzyme analysis of Trypanosoma rangeli strains . J Euk Microbiol . 41 . 3. 261–267 . 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1994.tb01506.x. 8049688 . 30482291 .
• Stoco . PH . Wagner . G . Gerber . A . etal . 2014 . Genome of the Avirulent Human-infective Trypanosome – Trypanosoma rangeli . PLOS Negl Trop Dis . 8 . 9. e3176 . 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003176 . 25233456 . 4169256 . free .
• Urrea . DA . Carranza . JC . Cuba . CA . etal . 2005 . Molecular characterisation of Trypanoso-ma rangeli strains isolated from Rhodnius ecuadoriensis in Peru, R. colombiensis in Co-lombia and R. pallescens in Panama, supports a co-evolutionary association between par-asites and vectors . Infect Genet Evol . 5 . 2. 123–129 . 10.1016/j.meegid.2004.07.005. 15639744 .

Notes and References

1. de Moraes MH, Guarneri AA, Girardi FP, etal . Different serological cross-reactivity of Trypanosoma rangeli forms in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected patients sera . Parasit Vectors . 1 . 1 . 20 . 2008 . 18611261 . 2475519 . 10.1186/1756-3305-1-20 . free .
2. Stoco PH, etal . Genome of the avirulent human-infective trypanosome--Trypanosoma rangeli . PLOS Negl Trop Dis . 9 . 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003176. 25233456 . 8 . Sep 2014 . e3176 . 4169256 . free .
3. Basso B, Castro I, Introini V, Gil P, Truyens C, Moretti E . Vaccination with Trypanosoma rangeli reduces the infectiousness of dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi . Vaccine . 25 . 19 . 3855–8 . May 2007 . 17349724 . 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.01.114 . 7127752 .
4. Basso B, Moretti E, Fretes R . Vaccination with epimastigotes of different strains of Trypanosoma rangeli protects mice against Trypanosoma cruzi infection . Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz . 103 . 4 . 370–4 . June 2008 . 18660992 . 10.1590/S0074-02762008000400010. free . 1807/57508 . free .