Toma T. Socolescu Explained

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu
Nationality:Romanian
Years Active:1905-1955
Children:Toma Barbu Socolescu, Mircea Socolescu.
Parents:Toma N. Socolescu, Alexandrina Nicolau
Relatives:Ion N. Socolescu, uncle
Birth Date:1883 7, df=yes
Birth Place:Ploiești, Kingdom of Romania
Death Place:Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania
Alma Mater:Ion Mincu University
Practice:Architecture, urban planning, archeology, university education, culture, painting, politics, writing
Significant Buildings:Central Market Hall, Palace of Justice, Palace of Business Schools and St John cathedral of Ploiești,
Significant Projects:City planning of Ploiești, city radius increase
Significant Design:Brâncovenesc style, Neo-Romanian style
Awards:First prize in the contest for the Palace of the Municipality of Bucharest (1925), Honorary citizen of the city of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, Member of the Order of the Crown of Romania to the rank of officer

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu (20 July 1883 in Ploiești – 14 October 1960 in Bucharest, Romania) was a Romanian architect. He was one of the influencers of Romanian architecture from the early 20th century through World War II. He devoted his whole life to his region of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova and particularly to the city of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești. He will also contribute greatly to the cultural life of his country.He devoted his whole life to the development of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova County and, in particular, the city of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, founding the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga Library and the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova County Art Museum "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion Ionescu-Quintus", contributing at the same time to the cultural life of Romania. Among the most important designed constructions are the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist, the Central Market Hall, the Palace of Justice, the Palace of Business Schools, the Bank of Credit Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Creditul Prahovei) and the Scala cinema, all in Ploiești.

He was mayor of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești between December 1919 and March 1920, and in 1927 he moved to Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești, a municipality of which he was mayor between 1938 and 1945 and whose infrastructure he developed.

During the Communist period, refusing to join the Communist Party and considered a "class enemy", his family was persecuted by the Securitate, he has been expelled from his house in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești and all his properties have been confiscated. He moved to Bucharest, where he died in 1960.

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Biography

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu marked the face of modern Romanian architecture until the Second World War, both by leaving a substantial legacy, both in terms of remarkable constructions, foundations of a cultural nature, and literature related to Romanian architecture and its evolution. It is still a benchmark in the world of architecture and art. More than a dozen of his works have been classified as historic monuments.

Education and travels

Son, grandson and nephew of an architect, his career choice was not easy. After a happy and fulfilled childhood, his father suddenly disappeared on November 22, 1897, then his mother, three years later, the same day,[1] he became an orphan at the age of 17 and in charge of his four brothers and sisters. Toma T. has a great talent for drawing and devotes his free time to drawing during his last three years of high school. Eager to know, he took advantage of his father's large library and inherited his drawing talent.[2] Despite the catastrophic financial situation of the family, the dispersion of his brothers and sisters taken in by the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu uncles and cousins,[3] and the unfavorable economic situation for architects at the end of the 19th century in Romania,[4] he succeeded in forcing destiny and following his passion for art and architecture, taking advantage of free higher education, in this time.[4]

He finished high school in 1901 at the lyceum St Peter and St Paul of Ploiești and then enrolled at the Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism, then known as the National School of Architecture. He was a student of Ion Mincu, the leading expert in Romanian architecture at the beginning of the 20th century. In June 1911, he graduated with honors, specializing in civil and religious architecture and Romanian archaeology. He returned to this institution to teach architectural theory from 1929 to 1947.

He began his career as a designer at the Central Post Office in Bucharest in 1904. In 1906 he was hired as a designer by a large workshop of architects dedicated to building the infrastructure of the 'Romanian General Exhibition of 1906'. Carol Park was specially designed for this event by the French landscape architect French: Édouard Redont. The exhibition ran from 6 June to 23 November 1906 in Bucharest. The event was organized by the Romanian Government in honor of the 40-year reign of Carol I of Romania. This opportunity put him in contact with leading artists and architects of the time and is credited with having a decisive impact on the rest of his career.

His travels to Vienna, Constantinople and Budapest in 1913, to Italy (15 December 1923 to 20 February 1924, and January 1937) and to France represented significant milestones in his life. In these places he found inspiration for his work in Romania.

World War I

He was drafted into the 47th Infantry Regiment in 1916, where he was assigned to the Bucharest transport regiment and sent to the "Danube Defense Group" (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Grupul Apărării Dunarii).[5] There, with other architects and engineers, he was responsible for bridge demolition operations during the Moldavia retreat. He built hospitals and sanitation facilities, hoping to combat typhus, which was wreaking havoc on the Romanian army. Around 1917 he joined a battalion of mountain troops. The retreat of the Romanian army to Moldavia gave him the chance to discover the rural and religious artistry of various Romanian regions. Clutching his notebook, he produced many drawings of folk art and traditional architectural styles that would later inspire him. Two reproductions of his watercolors of houses in Chișinău (Bessarabia) were published in 1926.[6] In 1941 he wrote an article on the Romanian ancient art of Bessarabia, and illustrated it with his own watercolors.[7]

Architectural and urbanistic work

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu was one of the leading advocates and a staunch defender of the Romanian national architectural style, also referred to as Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Neo brâncovenesc or Neo Romanian style. He was inspired particularly by the Brâncovenesc style. He worked to improve Ploiești's appearance and to develop public buildings for all of county of Prahova. His strong interest in archaeology led him to study and preserve many old houses and churches, and to publish essays and surveys on this subject.He played a key role in the management of the Society of Romanian Architects,[8] and participated in his hometown's cultural and social life. He served as Mayor from December 1919 to March 1920.

The artistic component of architecture was fundamental to him and he was very critical of architecture that was unrelated to art, especially to traditional Romanian art. He decried a sharp increase in the number of architecture students lacking the necessary artistic talent. In his memoirs, he chastised architects active from the 1920s through the 1940s, who, according to him, neglected architecture's artistic foundations. He also denounced the projects which took only land use into account and noted the lack of hygiene in houses built between 1930 and 1950, while the buildings in France, Austria and Germany of the same period were much more advanced. In his editorials, he wrote against property speculation and the immediate search for profit that led to poor construction and "soulless" buildings.[9]

In The Architecture of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, A Historical Study[10] (1938), Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu wrote:

In Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești

He served as mayor of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești immediately after World War I, as well as the county's chief architect.[11] He had to handle all major supply problems in the city. He was the primary instigator of the expansion of the city's boundaries, to include the refineries located in the periphery that allowed the city to benefit from the tax base they provided. The budget tripled and reached a level that allowed large infrastructure projects. He planned major changes in the city, including the construction of the Central Market Hall of Ploiești,[12] and acted as urban planner. Many architectural projects that were not completed during his short term were finished by the mayors that succeeded him.

Throughout his life, he improved town planning and hygiene for the city of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești. From 1932 to 1935, in collaboration with architects Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion Davidescu and Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: S. Vasilescu, he developed a systematic plan[13] of the city. This plan[14] gave more weight to green-space, traffic and railway and generally to allow for orderly growth. The plan provides for urban development and optimal population density, allocation for public and cultural institutions, schools and green-spaces. It also details the rules that defined land-use plans. He developed similar plans for the towns of Câmpina and Mizil.[15] These projects were enforced until the Communist takeover in 1945.

In Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești

He settled into the commune of Păulești in 1927. He was its mayor between February 1938 and January 1945, a term interrupted by the Legionary Movement regime between November 1940 and February 1942. His second term was shortened by the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Rădescu government in January 1945.[16] In five and a half years, he built several buildings, bridges and public monuments, including the town hall, the primary school and the public baths. He created landscaped areas for the municipal park, called Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Parcul cu castani (the park with chestnut. A chestnut tree-lined avenue cut across the park and led to the cemetery. He had hoped that an amusement park and an ornamental pond[17] could be built to provide a large relaxing green space (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești is located 7 km from Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești). The project began around 1930, but was not completed before the Second World War. It was revived under the name of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Parc Pădurea Păulești in 1995. After many legal disputes between the city and the construction company, the project was halted and then re-activated in July 2007.[18] Work resumed in 2009.[19] In 2007, in recognition of the benefits provided by the architect, the commune college was renamed Arhitect T T. Socolescu.[20] In May 2011, another ceremony was held in his honour, unveiling a bust in his image that was installed in the school's courtyard.[21]

Cultural and artistic work

To support the culture life of his city, he launched initiatives that equipped Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova County with its first museum and cultural institutions. Supported by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești and Nicolae Iorga, he founded its first history museum, its first public library and its first museum of fine arts.

Regional Museum of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova

In 1914, aided by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga, to appeal for the intervention of Ion Duca, then Minister of Education, he saved an historic house dating from the 18th century from destruction,[22] preserving it in its original form: the coppersmith dealer house of Hagi Prodan (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Casa Hagi Prodan). In 1919, as County Architect in Chief, he founded a small regional ethnographic and religious art museum[23] in that house. It was the city's first museum,[11] initially called Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Muzeul Județului|italic=no or Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Muzeul Prahovei|italic=no.[24] After a public appeal and fundraising campaign,[25] he collected art from across the county, with the help of priests and teachers. The museum was stocked with furniture, clothing and icons forgotten in the region's attics. During the period 1940–1944, the museum's inventory was eventually lost or stolen and replaced with other objects collected by Professor Nicolae Simache, assisted by Socolescu. Known as the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Muzeul Hagi Prodan|italic=no since 1953, the museum was renamed on 18 June 2005: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Casa de Târgoveț din Secolul al XVIII-lea – al XIX-lea|italic=no.[26]

Popular University Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga

As a political and cultural companion of Nicolae Iorga, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu actively participated in Summer courses (Known from 1920 as Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Universitate Popularã N.Iorga|italic=no) that Iorga established in 1911 in Vălenii de Munte. In addition to completing the plans of the classrooms,[22] Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu regularly participated as a speaker along with other professors and prominent figures from Romanian cultural and political life.[27] Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu was a regular speaker, among other professors and prominent figures of Romanian cultural and political life. The renown and popularity grew to such an extent that the openings of the Summer courses attracted leading politicians and ministers. King Ferdinand of Romania, Prince Carol II of Romania and Princess Elisabeth of Wied attended Iorga's lectures. On 17 August 1938, Maria Tănase sang for the closure.[28]

Popular Library Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga

In 1921 he founded the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Biblioteca Populară Nicolae Iorga|italic=no,[29] originally installed on the municipal baths' right wing.[30] Heading the Management Committee, he expanded the library collection with help from donors.[31] In the same place, on the ground floor, he developed an art gallery by collecting Western European artists' reproductions as well as original Romanian oils and watercolors. Inaugurated on 20 March 1921, it originally held 1,250 volumes. By 1937, more than 11.000 books and more than 3,500 publications were available free of charge to its 8,000 registered readers. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu donated over 250 volumes from his collection.[32]

Museum of Fine Arts

He founded and developed an art gallery by collecting reproductions of Western Europe artists as well as original Romanian oils and watercolors,[33] on the ground floor of the same building. For this purpose, he was helped by a group of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești intellectuals including lawyer, art collector and politician Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion Ionescu-Quintus,[34] [35] the historian Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Dumitru Munteanu-Râmnic, as well as by city mayors including Ștefan Moțoiu, who provided substantial financial support. Created around 1930, within the framework of the Cultural Foundation Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga,[36] the pinacotheca subsequently became the Ploiești Art Museum. It was inaugurated by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu in November 1931[37] The wopening speech is reproduced in extenso in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Amintiri.[38] It was only in 1965 that the museum would be moved to the current building: the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ghiță Ionescu palace, former County Prefecture. In Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura în Ploești, studiu istoric[39] and Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Monografia orașului Ploești, appear photographs, a list of all the exhibited painters, as well as some remarkable works present in the museum in 1938. The latter was then installed in the old municipal baths.[40] Some oils and watercolors by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, which the latter donated[41] to the museum, still exist, as do some works by the artist Toma Gh. Tomescu,[42] but are currently on display in the museum.

Other cultural activities and foundations in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova

Communist period

He refused to integrate into the Communist-sponsored organization of architects, and was considered as an enemy of the people and was persecuted by the Communist authorities. His property was nationalized in the 1950s. He was not allowed to practice as an architect and was expelled from his Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești estate on 21 February 1952. He moved in with his son Toma Barbu Socolescu in Bucharest. The Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family was harassed by the Securitate almost until his death in 1960. Left without an income, he worked until the age of 74 at the Institute of Urban Planning and Construction (ISPROR).[45] From 1953, within the framework of Institutul Central pentru sistematizarea orașelor și regiunilor (ICSOR) he was seconded to the Department of Historical Monuments for four years.[46] On 12 February 1957, he was forced to retire on a reduced pension.[46] Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu nevertheless continued to protest projects that he considered to be against his idea of architecture.[47]

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu published many writings.[48] He deliberately did not claim credit for all of his works. To protect other families, his memoirs omitted some details during the communist regime. The Securitate particularly attacked wealthy families of the interwar period and seized their property and jailed many Romanians.

Legacy

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu is still studied at the Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism and is still considered as an architectural eminence in Romania.

Until recently[49] no reference to Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu was visible in the streets of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești or the capital. A Technical High School in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești is named after his father,[50] while a Technical College for architecture and public works in Bucharest is named after his uncle. A street is named after his father in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești. However, since 21 October 2010 and the 50th anniversary of his death, he has come out of oblivion. Other ceremonies[51] were held from 2009 to 2011, including the installation of a bust[52] in front of the Central Market Hall of Ploiești and the naming of the adjacent park, for the architect. On 29 September 2010, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu was posthumously awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of the City of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești.[53] any of his works were destroyed partly by the American bombardments of 1943–44, that were especially harsh[54] in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, and more were razed by Nicolae Ceaușescu's policy of systematization[55] that removed all traces of the soul of Romanian architecture. Many surviving properties were returned to him in a degraded state,[56] such as his manor house in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești,[57] or his building in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, which was disfigured during the 1950s.[58]

His house of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești[59] is on the regional list of Historic Monuments,[60] after 45 years of neglect by the state. Built by another architect with no link to the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu style, it was returned to the heiress in a much damaged state. Stripped of its land, and of its ornamental garden (organized by Socolescu), it lost most of its original beauty and harmony. The estate was sold by the family in August 2010.His Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești apartment house suffered badly during 1944. It was nationalized in 1950 and disfigured by a rehabilitation. It was partially returned to the family in 2006.[58]

Most of the finest edifices of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, including several built by the Socolescus, were demolished in the 1970s and 1980s, under pretext of structural weakness due to the earthquakes of 1940 and 1977.

After 1949 Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu devoted his spare time to his memoirs. He continued to work on the project until 1960. In 2004, after more than fifty years of neglect by various Romanian institutions, his family published the first part of his memoirs called Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Amintiri (the only part he had finished) which covers the period from his birth up to 1924.[61] The Fresco of architects who have worked in Romania in the modern era from 1800 to 1925, a far more important work, was completed in 1955 and also published in 2004 by his family.[62] His book dedicated to the architecture in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura în Ploești, studiu istoric, published in 1937, was recognized by the Romanian Academy.[15]

The first page of a small booklet he wrote in French in 1941[63] sums up his credo:[64]

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu died on October 14, 1960, in Bucharest, at the home of his son Toma Barbu Socolescu, leaving the second part of his memoirs unfinished (period after 1924). He is buried in the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family vault at Bellu Cemetery in Bucharest.

Official duties, titles and public responsibilities

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu had a limited political commitment. His service as mayor, municipal councilor and deputy allowed him to advance cultural, urban planning or architecture projects. His links with Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga led him to take responsibility within the Nationalist-Democrat Party.[65] He developed relationships and friendships with people from other political sides, such as Ion Ionescu-Quintus from the National Liberal Party.

His only national political action was his support for the bill regarding the Organization of the Corps of Architects and the Romanian Register of Architects in 1932. Adopted by parliament, a royal decree of application was signed on 15 July 1932.[66] His official positions include:

Genealogy

The Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socol|italic=no family of , formerly part of Făgăraș or Țara Făgărașului is a branch of the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socol|italic=no family of Muntenia, which lived in the county of Dâmbovița. A 'Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socol|italic=no', great boyar and son-in-law of Mihai Viteazul (1557–1601), had two religious foundations in Dâmbovița county, still existing, Cornești and Răzvadu de Sus. He built their churches and another one in the suburb of Târgoviște. This boyar married Marula, daughter of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Tudora din Popești|italic=no, also known as Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Tudora din Târgșor|italic=no,[75] sister of Prince Antonie-Vodă. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Marula|italic=no was recognized by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Mihai Viteazul|italic=no as his illegitimate daughter, following an extra-marital liaison with Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Tudora|italic=no. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Marula|italic=no is buried in the church of Răzvadu de Sus, where, on a richly carved stone slab,[76] her name can be read.

Nicolae Iorga, the great Romanian historian and friend of Toma T. Socolescu, found Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socol|italic=no ancestors among the founders of the City of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Făgăraș|italic=no in the 12th century.[77] In 1655, the Prince of Transylvania George II Rákóczi ennobled an ancestor of Nicolae G. Socol: "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ștefan Boier din Berivoiul Mare|italic=no, and through him his wife Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Sofia Spătar|italic=no, his son Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socoly|italic=no, and their heirs and descendants of whatever sex, to be treated and regarded as true and undeniable NOBLEMEN.",[78] in gratitude for his services as the Prince's courier in the Carpathians, a function "which he fulfilled faithfully and steadfastly for many years, and especially in these stormy times [...]".[78] [79] Around 1846, five Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socol|italic=no[80] come to Muntenia, from, in the territory of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Făgăraș|italic=no.

One of the brothers was architect Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Gh. Socol|italic=no (??-1872). He settled in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești|italic=no around 1840-1845, and named himself Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu|italic=no. He married Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Iona Săndulescu, from the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Sfantu Spiridon|italic=no suburb. He had a daughter (she died in infancy) and four sons,[81] [82] two of whom became major architects: Toma N. Socolescu and . The lineage of architects continues with Toma T. Socolescu, and his son Barbu Socolescu.

The historian, cartographer and geographer evokes, in 1891,[83] the presence of Romanian boyars of the first rank Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socoleşti, in Bucharest, descendants of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socol|italic=no from Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Dâmbovița|italic=no. Finally, Constantin Stan also refers, in 1928, to the precise origin of Nicolae Gheorghe Socol :



Architectural contests

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu won many prizes in architectural design competitions:

Architectural achievements

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu signed his works on the rooftops by a stylized reversed lily often made of zinc or copper. The signature is visible on many of his works.

In Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești

In 1912, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu had worked on the old St John the Baptist church. According to his plans, the main dome was elevated 5 meters.[115]

The work was carried out between 1923[116] and 1939. The cathedral honors the dead of the First World War and is part of a national-religious momentum. The steeple is classified as an historical monument.[60] Only the 60m (200feet) bell tower and the first part of the work were completed,[117] [118] stopped by the war. The project for the rest of the building that would replace the existing church remained unfulfilled until work resumed in 2008, inspired by Socolescu's plans.

The facade is particularly unique to the time, and two monumental statues line the entrance. The interior's furniture is remarkable. The pre-project, and the plans of the cathedral, were published in the 1925 and 1926 issues of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura.[119]

In Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova county

Archaeology and heritage conservation

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu had pursued a specialty in Romanian archaeology. He was interested in architectural history and preservation of architectural heritage. In addition to the renovation of old churches, he worked several times with Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga from 1919 onwards to protect remarkable ancient edifices. His projects included:

Other achievements

Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești

Prahova county

Bucharest

Other counties

Unbuilt works

Of Socolescu's ten contest wins, only two were built: the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Creditul Prahovei and, partially, the Palace of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Many other projects were not built, including:

Publications

"L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui", Paris, year 7, number 11, November 1936, pp. 44–45;[222]

"Techniques des Travaux", Paris, year 12, number 8, August 1936, pp. 413–417;[223]

"La Construction moderne: Paris, year 51, number 46, September 1936, pp. 945–955[224]

Newspaper articles

He published in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, Iași and Bucharest newspapers on issues including architecture, town planning, local politics and culture. He was the subject of numerous articles. The following list is not exhaustive, and states when Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu is not the author.

Painting and architecture exhibitions

Sources

Bibliography

Notes and references

External links

– Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Bucureștii Vechi și Noi

– Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: locuri în București...și istorii despre ele

– Unknown Bucharest

– Official list of historical monuments of Prahova county: Lista Monumentelor Istorice 2015 .

– Official list of historical monuments of Ilfov county: Lista Monumentelor Istorice 2015 .

– Official list of historical monuments of Bucharest: Lista Monumentelor Istorice 2015 .

Notes and References

  1. page 23.
  2. pages 19 et 22.
  3. pages 21, 23 et 24. His father Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma N. Socolescu was involved in a number of projects and heavily in debt.
  4. page 24. Even his uncle, the great architect Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion N. Socolescu, would not encourage him to pursue the path of architecture. Toma T will thus first enroll in law, studies that he will quickly abandon.
  5. p. 57
  6. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Case vechi românești din Chișinău, watercolor reproductions, 1926, year V, p. 98.
  7. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Vechea artă românească în Basarabia, issue of January–March 1941, year VII, No. 1, pp. 122–124.
  8. Founded by Ion N. Socolescu in 1891 and become the Union of Romanian Architects (UAR) UAR internet site, historic
  9. pp. 92–95
  10. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura în Ploești, studiu istoric.
  11. pp. 84–85
  12. A long architectural and technical description and illustration: pp. 597, 603.
  13. pp. 616–634
  14. Approved by the Higher Technical Council of the City, published in the (official) journal of 6 March 1935, No. 24.
  15. Ilie, Constant. Memories, autobiographical notes pp. 22–23 – Local Council collection of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești, File No. 12/1953-1957. National Archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova County in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești. It is available at the Bibliothèque nationale de France.
  16. Source: National Archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova County – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova Prefecture fund:
    • File No. 265/1938, pp. 1–74: Prefecture appointment decision No. 1226 of 18 February 1938.
    • File No. 263/1940, pp. 1–4: Prefecture Revocation decision No. 856 of 18 November 1940 and appointment of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Grigore Dincă.
    • File No. 433/1942, pp. 1,3,6 and 7: Groups of people from Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești asks to the Prefect that the Professor-architect is re-installed as mayor – Appointment decision by Prefecture No. 231 of 27 February 1942.
    • File No. 155/1945, pp. 15–38, Prefecture revocation decision No. 71 of 29 January 1945.

    Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.

  17. p. 615
  18. July 2007 decision, and historical disputes since 1995 Source: Municipal Council of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești.
  19. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Gazeta de Păulești, No. 4, February 2009, p. 4 - Link to the document
  20. Municipal Council of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești 31 April 2007 decision – School name translation: Architect Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu.
  21. Source: articles published in local newspapers:
  22. p. 43
  23. p. 23, p. 163
  24. p. 70, p. 210
  25. p. 84
  26. Translation: Seventeenth-nineteenth Century City Dweller Museum – Museum internet site.
  27. pp. 43–44
  28. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Roșca, Maria: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Maria Tănase. Privighetoarea din „Livada cu duzi", volume II, Ed. Ginta Latină, București, 2000, p. 347.
  29. in 1965, the library became: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Biblioteca Județeană N. Iorga or County Library N. Iorga .
  30. A work of art made by his father Toma N. Socolescu.
  31. p. 85
  32. pp. 92–93, pp. 818–819
  33. pp. 88–92, pp. 814–818
  34. pp. 66–69
  35. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion Ionescu-Quintus (1875–1933) is the fifth son of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ghiță Ionescu, great banker, merchant and politician of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești (1833–1898).
    • pp. 429–430; Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ghiță Ionescu.
    • pp. 435–435; Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion Ionescu-Quintus.
  36. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Așezământul Nicolae Iorga.
  37. Art Museum of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești .
  38. pp. 86–87
  39. pp. 85–92, pp. 811–818
  40. RepublicaPloiesti.net – Vintage photographs of the municipal baths. These would be demolished by the Communist regime around 1955 to make way for apartment buildings.
  41. Source: National archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești City archives: File No. 449/1939, p. 28: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Așezământul Nicolae Iorga, Inventory of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu and Tomescu paintings, registered under No. 53/30 November 1945. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  42. They were kindly shown to Laura Socolescu, heir of the architect, by the museum curator in August 2009.
  43. Source: National Archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova County – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova Prefecture fund: File No. 97/1945, p. 225-243, Investigation file against Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu for incitement and sabotage agent of the Armistice Agreement – "Declaration of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu". Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  44. Source: illustrated brochure on the painter Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma Gh. Tomescu Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma Gh. Tomescu 1881–1949, published by Arts Museum of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești in 1974, thanks to the work of its director Ruxandra Ionescu. This brochure is archived at the Museum of Art. It was available in August 2009.
  45. The I.P.C. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Institutul de Proiectare a Construcțiilor is renamed by I.S.P.R.O.R. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Institutul de Studii și Proiectare a Orașelor, on 1 January 1953.
  46. Note at the bottom of page 43.
  47. As his correspondence testifies:
    • An exchange of letters with the Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church from 15 November 1959 to challenge some painting and furniture provided in the New St. Eleftherios Church of Bucharest (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Biserica Sfântul Elefterie din București) - Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family archives / Paris, Correspondence No. 776 of the Romanian Orthodox Church, Patriarch's Office, dated 27 November 1959, signed by the Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church.
    • A detailed (11 pages) critical presentation sent to the Vice-President of the Regional Council of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești (Engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Cristescu) following a conference held on 5 June 1959 at the Palace of Culture of the city, about the project of systematization of the town center – Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family archives / Paris.
  48. Hence, in the manuscript of his memoirs (page 7 of the book Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Amintiri), the author says, after enumerating a list of his personal works: "I listed above, only a portion of the work I performed as well as my work as an architect and my publications, considering it redundant to further extend this list, but also because it is difficult to remember all."
  49. In September 2010.
  50. Liceul Toma N. Socolescu.
  51. Articles published in the local press in 2009 and 2010:
  52. Articles published in the local press in 2011:
  53. Source: Municipal order No. 316 of 29/09/2010.
  54. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești was a main oil source for the German Third Reich during the Second World War. It has been regularly bombed between 1942 and 1944: see the Oil Campaign chronology of World War II.
  55. Sources:
  56. Sources:
  57. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: SOS Casa Socolescu din Paulesti, {{lang|ro|Prahova, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Costin Pătrașcu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Blog ART Arhitectura Românească Tradițională, Bucharest, published on 8 June 2009 – Article and pictures about the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu manor of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești.
  58. Sources:
    • Minutes No. 1177 of 28 March 2006, issued by the Heritage Department of the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești Municipality, for partial possession of the building, following the decision No. 3855/2005 issued by the Mayor by which was restituted in kind (but partially) the building located on Ștefan cel Mare No. 2.
    • and Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family archives and photos / Bucharest, Paris: The commercial spaces and the cellar of the building will be occupied by a Russian-Roman joint society, or SovRoms in the 1950s, then by a food store and a bakery from 1956, and finally by various businesses from 1980–1990. Members of the Securitate and communists leaders will occupy a long time his property. When the building will be returned (only partly) by the City Council to his heiress in 2006, the cellar had been flooded and used as a dump, the courtyard had been used as public open toilets, the roof had been torn by wild antennas and part of the building was squatted by homeless people. The building had in fact not been maintained for over 30 years.
  59. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family / Bucharest, Paris. The Toma T.'s "conac", or manor, has been completely looted and stripped of all its decorations, ornaments, tiles and equipment. The house has been returned in a state of half-ruin, on a very reduced land compared to its land before the forfeiture. The ornamental gardens, spread on several hectares, an original initiative for the time, created by Toma T., have totally disappeared. Many different constructions made in the 1990s, including a cooperative, have replaced it.
  60. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ministerul Culturii Și Cultelor, Institutul Național al Patrimoniului List of Historical Monuments of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova County – 2015 .
  61. In France, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Amintiri can be found at the National and University Library of Strasbourg.
  62. A typewritten version had already been available in Bucharest at the Union of Romanian Architects Library, and also at the Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism Library, probably since 1955. Both books are available at the National Library of Romania, and at the Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism. The Central University Library of Bucharest and the British Library also have a copy of the Fresco.
  63. Vers une architecture roumaine moderne – Translation: Towards a Romanian modern architecture.
  64. En français dans le texte.
  65. Partidul Naționalist-Democrat – Political party founded in 1910 by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga.
  66. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Legea privind Corpul Arhitecților din România Și a Registrului Arhitecților


    – Union of Architects of Romania internet site – page "Istoric" .
    – University of Architecture and Urbanism Ion Mincu internet site – page "Istoric".

  67. pp. 422, 435 and pp. 442–443. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu was Mayor from January to March 1920, and Chairman of the Interim Committee from December 1919 to March 1920, under the period of government Alexandru Vaida-Voevod from 1 December 1919 to 12 March 1920.
  68. p. 444
  69. p. 435
  70. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploieștii newspaper, year VII, article of 12 May 1929.
  71. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Autobiography upon admission to Rotary Club of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, Mesagerul rotarian, 24 April 1937, p. 87.
  72. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family archives / Paris – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Sinaia, Decree of 25 June 1925. The appointment was made following a report by the Foreign Minister, Chancellor of the Order, reference No. 30578. The deed is in possession of the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family.
  73. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family archives / Paris, admission form to the Union of Architects of the Popular Republic of Romania – Minutes of 3 and 10 April 1953, membership card No. 311, 30 November 1953.
  74. Article from the Păulești Gazette: "The illustrious architect Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu receives the posthumous title of honorary citizen of the commune of Păulești"; decision of the municipal council of 24 April 2018: Decision No. 32 of the City Council of Păulești dated 24/04/2018 .
  75. Article Mihai Viteazul, Enciclopedia României - Mihai Viteazul, Origin and family.
  76. Slavonic inscription on the cross on the tombstone of Răzvadu de Sus: " Died, the servant of God Marula, Master of the Royal Court, Lady of Messire Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socol|italic=no, former Grand Master of the Royal Court, daughter of the late Prince Mihai and Lady Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Tudora|italic=no, in the year 1647, during the reign of Prince Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion Matei Basarab|italic=no in 17 December, around the tenth hour of the night, solar calendar of the 21st year ", according to the Romanian translation done by G.D Florescu in 1944 from an original slavon version:" Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: A răposat roaba lui Dumnezeu Marula clucereasa jupanului Socol fost mare clucer, fiică a răposatului Io Mihai Voevod și a jupînesei Tudora la anul 1647 în zilele lui Ion Matei Basarab voevod în luna decembrie 17 zile spre al zecilea ceas din noapte crugul solar temelia 21|italic=no ".
    Source: G.D. Florescu, Idem, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Un sfetnic al lui Matei Basarab, ginerele lui Mihai Viteazul|italic=no, in Revista istorică română, XI–XII, 1941–1942, pp. 88–89.
  77. Note 8 - p. 15.
  78. pp. 8-9 - Extract from the ennoblement deed of July 14, 1655.
  79. p. 14 - Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu|italic=no writes:
  80. p. 14 - Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu|italic=no writes:
  81. pp. 105-106.
  82. pp. 214-215.
  83. p. 17 - Book: Papazoglu, Dimitrie. Istoria fondărei orașului București. History of the foundation of Bucharest. Curtea Veche. Bucharest. ro. 2005. 59. 973-669-107-1.
  84. p. 42
  85. pp. 45–46
  86. Front page of the issue No. 3616 28 March 1914.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Palatul Ziarului Adevărul, drawing, 1916, year I, No. 2, May, p. 67.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Palatul Adevărului, drawing, 1924, year III, p. 147.
  88. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Banca Creditul Prahovei Ploești, Plans, drawings and photographs, 1926, year V, pp. 111–114.
  89. Cathedral construction history on the Târgu Mureș Town hall internet site – cathedral history.
  90. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu and Pretrescu-Gopeș. D., Concursul pentru Palatul Primăriei Orașului București, Plans and drawings – classed I, 1926, year V, pp. 50–51.
  91. Source: Dimineața newspaper, Bucharest, "Celebration of architect Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu", published on 12 July 1925.
  92. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: De la concursul "Astrei Române" pentru executarea cazinoului funcționarilor săi din Ploești – Un concurs de schițe, Plans, drawings and text, July–October 1937, issue No. 9-10, pp. 19–20.
  93. Palatul Școalelor Comerciale.
  94. p. 62, p. 202
  95. Source: Informația Prahovei newspaper article of 22 December 2010: "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: 136 de ani de învățământ comercial prahovean"
  96. The name and location of this school has changed often since the origin of its establishment: Internet site of the National College Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion Luca Caragiale, page "Istoric"
  97. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Casa corpului Didactic also called Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Căminul învățătorilor prahoveni.
  98. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Școala și Vieața, revista Asociației Generale a Învățătorilor din România, an.X, nr. 1, sept. 1939, director T. D. Iacobescu, pp. 155–255 – Reference found on the "Testimony" (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: testimoniale) page, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova paragraph, from the Romania General Association of Teachers internet site: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Asociația Generală a Învățătorilor din România .
  99. Source: National archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești City archives: File No. 42/1932, p. 72, invitation to the inauguration ceremony sent by the Teaching Body Society to the Mayor of the city. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  100. p. 61, p. 201
  101. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ligii Județene a Sindicatelor Libere din Învățământ Prahova.
  102. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești Teachers' Union History .
  103. Source: National archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova Prefecture fund: File No. 97/1927, contract signed between the Prefecture and architects Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu and Ernest Doneaud in 1923, along with other documents. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  104. French: Ernest Doneaud, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Palatul Justiției din Ploești, drawing, 1924, year III, p. 74.
  105. A long technical and architectural description, as well as illustrations. pp. 95–101, pp. 597–603
  106. Source: National archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești City archives: File No. 52.145/1912, pp. 1–40: Acts related to the construction of the market hall, contract No. 9088/913 established between the City and the architect Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu; correspondences of 1912, 1913 and 1929; complete plans of the hall pre-project dating from 1913. Notes: researches of the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family conducted on 21 January 2010.
  107. Source: National archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești City archives: File No. 201/1930, pp. 4–5: Municipal Council Minutes No. 1 11 June 1930 in which was agreed the implementation of the Central Market Hall. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  108. p. 584. The Halls will be opened on 1 November 1935.
  109. p. 107
  110. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploieștii newspaper, article " The Central Market hall construction " of 21 avril 1929, written by Eugeniu Ionescu.
  111. pp. 71–72
  112. Source: National archives of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești City archives: File No. 92/1936, pp. 17–20: project (plans and holographic texts of the author) of a whosale hall, located behind the Central Market Hall. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  113. Lucian Vasile, RepublicaPloiesti.net, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, 2011, The old Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești and the location of the Union Place (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Piață Unirii) : articles Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Gradina publica, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Hora Taraneasca, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: De la Calea Campinii la Bulevardul Republicii and Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Bulevardul Independentei - Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Gradina publica, Hora Taraneasca, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: De la Calea Campinii la Bulevardul Republicii, Bulevardul Independentei as well as the article and photographs of the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Piața Unirii - Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Centrul Ploiestiului – comparatie: anii '30 vs. azi.
  114. [Gérard Joseph Duqué]
  115. p. 752
  116. p. 751. Prince Carol II of Romania will lay the foundation stone on 18 November 1923.
  117. pp. 12–13
  118. pp. 152–153 and pp. 751–752
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Catedrală Monument "Sf. Ioan" a eroilor Prahovei, drawing dating of 1923, 1924, year III, p. 144.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Catedrală Ortodoxă, Ante-proect, drawings, 1925, year IV, pp. 73–74.
  120. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Liceu de Băieți din Câmpina.
  121. Source: Correspondences preserved in the archives of the Education Ministry - Historique du lycée National Nicolae Grigorescu publié dans le journal tribuna invatamantului.ro du 26.03.2019. - De la Liceul Dimitrie Barbu Știrbey la Colegiul Național Nicolae Grigorescu 100 de ani de istorie, 100 de ani de cunoaștere .
  122. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Casa Hagi Prodan din Ploiești, studiu arheologic și releveu, BCMI, year IX, April to June 1916, pp. 82-90. The bulletin is available at the library of the University of Architecture and Urban Planning Ion Mincu - Library website: Direct link to the list of numbers BCMI (available in pdf) .
  123. The architect wrote in 1938, in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura în Ploești, studiu istoric, that the objects were still there.
  124. pp. 69–70, pp. 209–210
  125. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga, BCMI, Fasc. 59, Year XXII, 1929, p. 94 – Sources: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura în Ploești, studiu istoric, page 70 and Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Monografia orașului Ploești, p. 210.
  126. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Casa Dobrescu din Ploiești, BCMI, year XIX, April to June 1926, pp. 58-60. The bulletin is available at the library of the University of Architecture and Urbanism Ion Mincu - Library website: Direct link to the list BCMI numbers (available in pdf) .
  127. pp. 20–21, pp. 160–161
  128. http://www.histmuseumph.ro/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53&Itemid=66 Muzeul Ion L. Caragiale
  129. pp. 151–152 and p. 756
  130. Constantin Trestioreanu, Gheorghe Marinică,Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Bicericile din Ploiești, I Bisericile orthodoxe – pp. 83–84.
  131. pp. 151–152, 761: the monograph in deed evokes a fire, shortly after 1923, that would have consumed the great tower of the church.
  132. Constantin Trestioreanu, Gheorghe Marinică,Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Bicericile din Ploiești, I Bisericile orthodoxe – pp. 103–104.
  133. p. 69, p. 209
  134. Dan Todesrașcu.
  135. Sources:
  136. In an administrative reorganization that occurred in 1968, the villages of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Herești, Hotarele, Izvoarele and Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Scărișoara constituted a new town called Hotarele in the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: județ of Giurgiu (Giurgiu County).
  137. p. 86, p. 42
  138. p. 43, the architect wrote in his memoirs in the late 1950s, that it still exists.
  139. The exact address has been confirmed in September 2009 by the heir of the teacher, Filip Nicolae. He now lives in this ground floor house.
  140. p. 60, p. 200
  141. RepublicaPloiesti.net Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Strada Lipcani article and photographs.
  142. pp. 179, 422, 433–434
  143. p. 46
  144. pp. 37–38; pp. 45 (photograph of the former Victoria hotel) and 47, pp. 177–178, 185 and 187
  145. p. 185
  146. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Fresca arhitecților care au lucrat în România în epoca modernă 1800 – 1925, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Editura Caligraf Design, Bucharest, 2004, 1 vol., 209 pages, p. 46.
  147. pp. 57, 59, pp. 197, 199
  148. Source: visit of the house by the Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family, (France) in September 2010. The style is in deed "Socolescu".
  149. pp. 50–51
  150. The building has been nationalized by application of the 92/1950 decree – Direct link to the decree (Romanian Chamber of Deputies).
  151. p. 51
  152. pp. 61–62, pp. 201–202
  153. RepublicaPloiesti.net – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Casa Gheorghe Bogdan article and photographs .
  154. F. Dragomirescu Family, living next to the building on Ștefan cel Mare street, at No. 37, in 2010.
  155. Source: Issue of 9 March 2010 from the newspaper Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Adevărul de Ploiești Direct link to the article..
  156. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Vila Avocat Gr. Ivănceanu – Ploești, photograph, 1925, year IV, p. 77.
  157. Article and TV reporting of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Valea Prahovei TV entitled Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nou monument de arhitectură în Ploiești or A new architectural monument in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, broadcast on 22 January 2011 – Mihai Bădulescu's Interview about his house.
  158. Source: Mihai Bădulescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, August 2009.
  159. Ministry of Culture and National Heritage: Classification decree No. 2561 4 October 2010 .
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ziarul Prahova Newspaper article of 20 March 1927.
    • A 1932 press article presenting the films that were played in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești from 20 May – 5 June 1932, including the "Odeon" movie theater, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Informatorul newspaper, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, 24 May 1932 issue – A 1932 press advert in Informatorul newspaper .
  162. Decree No. 303 of 3/11/1948 – The cinema Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Odeon, ploiești is listed in the attached table.
  163. State Theater of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Femei prahovene de azi, de ieri, si mai demult, Paul D. Popescu, newspaper Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ziarul Prahova, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, 7 December 2010 – Femei prahovene de azi, de ieri, si mai demult.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: TOMA CARAGIU – UN ARTIST DE GENIU, Al.I. Badulescu, newspaper Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ziarul Prahova, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, 21 August 2010 issue – TOMA CARAGIU – UN ARTIST DE GENIU.
    • Mrs. Revent, retired actress and Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie (born on 18 March 1929 in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Păulești), engineer in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, witness of the transformation works carried out in the 1950s.
  165. Article and photographs of the Communist newspaper Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Flamura Prahovei from Mai 11, 1957. The issue is available in the old newspapers archives of the Central University Library of Bucharest.
  166. Toma Caragiu theater.
  167. p. 630 – vintage photograph (1937).
  168. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Bancă Centrală din Ploiești, a remarkable building designed by the architect I. Negrescu, based on the Charles Garnier's style, for Ghiță Ionescu and belonging to the banker Max Shapira. The bank had to leave during the bank crisis of 1929–1933. The area hosts a bakery and then a fabric store. Nationalized in 1950, the building will then be converted into a food store (Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Mercur) on the ground floor, and a shoemaker on the floor.
    Vintage photographs are available on RepublicaPloiesti.net: Bancă Centrală din Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești article and photographs.
  169. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Hanul Țărănesc de la Bariera Bucov.
  170. Source: National Archives of Prahova County. Note: researches of Lucian Vasile, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted in 2010.
  171. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Cavoul Fam. Gheorghiu, Ploești, photograph, 1925, year IV, p. 54.
  172. Main source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Asociației Nationale Cultul Eroilor, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: filiala Prahova. However this information is not corroborated.
  173. Source: book about the life of Gérard Joseph Duqué, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Gérard Joseph Duqué, traversandu-și epoca (1866–1956), DUQUÉ Vincent G. and Paul D. Popescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Editura Milenium III, Ploiești, 2006, 1 volume, 189 p. and, pp. 134–135.
  174. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Vila Ștefănescu la Câmpina, drawings and plans, 1916, year I, No. 2, may, p. 66.
  175. ceașcadecultură.ro – Photographs and article on the house.
  176. The Romanian translation is Judecatoria, corresponding to the Magistrates' Court (England and Wales).
  177. Source: National Archives of Prahova County – Prahova Prefecture fund: File No. 50/1924, pp. 1–16, drawings and plans signed by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu and stamped by the Administration, dated 12 August 1924. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  178. Source: Romanian Ministry of Justice internet site – Courts of law portal Judecatoria Câmpina.
  179. Source: National Archives of Prahova County – Prahova Prefecture fund: File No. 39/1923, pp. 1–21, According to T T. Socolescu's plans, the work started on 1 September 1921. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  180. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Capela Sfânta Treime.
  181. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Vilă Regală – Vălenii de Munte, plan, 1930, year VI, p. 43.
  182. pp. 43 to 45. According to local sources, unconfirmed by the Royal House of Romania, it seems that the villa was used for the universities of the historian and politician Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga as part of the Princess Helena (Principesa Elena) foundation.
  183. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Vila N. Scorțeanu – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Sinaia – "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Cumpătul", photograph, 1925, year IV, p. 76.
  184. Source: French: Le Style National Roumain – Construire une nation à travers l'architecture (1881–1945), Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Carmen Popescu, 2004, French: Presses Universitaires de Rennes – Simetria – p. 272.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Vila proprie – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Sinaia – "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Cumpătul", outlook photographs and ground floor plan, 1925, year IV, pp. 74–75.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Vilă la Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Sinaia, photograph, January–March 1941, year VII, No. 1, p. 193.
  186. Source: Monograph of Dumbrăvești town, p. 29: Link to the document .
  187. Source: Institutul de Memorie Culturala – CIMEC Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Institutul de Memorie Culturala – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Biserica "Izvorul Tămăduirii și Nașterea Maicii Domnului" .
  188. The commune of Scăeni has been merged with Boldești in 1968.
  189. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Biserica din comuna Scăeni, județul Prahova, photograph and plan, March 1938, year IV, No. 11, pp. 28–29.
  190. Source:Monograph of Cristian Petru BĂLAN: Monografia orașului Boldești-Scăieni, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, Editura Premier, 2007, 253 pages,, p. 99 – Monografia orașului Boldești-Scăieni.
  191. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, photograph, 1924, year III, p. 143.
  192. Source: a commercial book of the Great Romania dating from 1925 available on the Library of Congress under reference Anuarul "Socec" al României-mari, vol.1 mentions on p. 272, the address of a tailor Weintraub S-sor & Irimia Weisberg, whose store is located in the building. Its sign is visible on an old photograph of the building. On the other hand, its style is very similar to that of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Creditul Prahovei of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești done around 1923. Another old picture shows an already blackened façade, so the photographic view has very likely been made several years after construction.
  193. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, photograph, 1924, year III, p. 145.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Prop. Ing. Al. Gheorghiade. Parcul Bonaparte, photograph, 1926, year V, p. 113.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Casa Gheorghiade, photograph, January–March 1941, year VI, No. 1, p. 193.
  195. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Vila Ionescu – Șos. Kiseleff, photographs, 1930, year VI, pp. 37–38.
  196. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ministerul Culturii Și Cultelor, Institutul Național al Patrimoniului : List of Historical Monuments in the City of Bucharest – 2015 .
  197. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Grupul Scolar Economic, Administrativ și de Servicii "Barbu A. Stirbey", Buftea.
  198. Photographs on the Romanian internet site "MNIR".
  199. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ministerul Culturii Și Cultelor, Institutul Național al Patrimoniului: List of Monuments Historical Department Ilfov – 2015 .
  200. Translated note written by Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, taken from his memoirs. The note (No. 30) appears at the bottom of p. 53. The text (which the note is related to) specifies that the architect and the painter Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma Gh. Tomescu were still working on furnishings of the church in 1916.
  201. p. 31
  202. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Proect de biserică / Comuna Slănic-Prahova, article and plans, January 1920, pp. 21, 24.
  203. Source: National archives of Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești City archives: File No. 45/1922, pp. 1, 2, 72, 112: Letters and original drawings on layers from Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu – Memorial act for the public garden inauguration on 24 May 1926. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  204. Source: National archives of Prahova county – Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești City archives: File No. 124/1937, pp. 1, 4, 5: The architect plans movie theaters and theaters, a library, an art gallery, exhibition halls, a museum, etc. Note: researches of engineer Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Constantin Ilie, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, conducted from 26 October 2009 to 9 February 2010.
  205. Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu family archives / Paris, Complete file of the project.
  206. In Romanian: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Buletinul Comisiunii Monumentelor Istorice, published between 1908 and 1945, under the initial direction of the historian Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga, the publishing will thereafter be stopped during 25 years.
  207. Monastery images and comments on the internet site of
  208. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Biserica din Bălteni: Note arhitectonice, BCMI, anul 1, 1908, p 114-119. The journal is available at Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism library – Internet site of the Library: Direct link to the list of BCMI numbers (available in pdf) . In the same issue, pp. 112-113 include the Descriptives notes of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Nicolae Iorga.
  209. pp. 16-21.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion N. Socolescu, article in memoriam, 1924, year III, p. 146.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, A. Clavel. Câteva note, article in memoriam, 1925, year IV, pp. 14–15.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, La mormântul lui D. Herjeu, article in memoriam, 1926, year V, pp. 7–8.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ion N. Socolescu, article in memoriam, January–March 1941, year VII, p. 58.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Toma N. Socolescu, article in memoriam, January–March 1941, year VII, p. 58.
  211. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Principii și îndreptări. Către o arhitectură românească modernă", article, April–June 1941, year VII, No. 2, pp. 17–18.
  212. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, French: Vers une architecture roumaine moderne, Extract of the French: Bulletin de l'École Polytechnique de Bucarest, year XII, Nos. 1 and 2, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Tipărire Finanțe Și Industrie, Poetul Mecedonschi street No. 8, București, 1941, 5 pages.
  213. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Un institut de Arhitectură românească, article, 1943–1944, years IX-X, pp. 5–6.
  214. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: România Viitoare, Anul 1, No. 45, article "O ruină", Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, 17 May 1915 – Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura în Ploești, studiu istoric, p. 9
  215. p. 149
  216. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: România Viitoare, Anul 1, No. 45, Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, 17 May 1915 – Source: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Arhitectura în Ploești, studiu istoric, p. 20.
  217. Translation: In Transylvania, Travel notes of an architect.
  218. Translation: City planning for all, for use of county and municipal councilor, architects, engineers, doctors, agents, agronomists, and all persons interested in a better condition of their city.– Original book of RAYMOND Jean, L'urbanisme à la portée de tous à l'usage des fonctionnaires et conseillers municipaux, des coloniaux (officiers, ingénieurs, architectes, administrateurs) et de toutes personnes s'intéressant au mieux être dans la cité, Editions Dunod, Preface of Renée Dautry, Paris, 1925, 187 pages.
  219. Paul Juillerat, French: L'hygiène urbaine, Edition Ernest Leroux (Collection Urbanisme. Série I), Paris, 1921, 254 pages.
    The book includes an introductive study written by the architect from page 89 to 92. Paul Juillerat (1854–1935) was Head of the Technical Department of Sanitation and Housing in the Prefecture de la Seine (Paris). He proposed in 1894 a genuine system of health information on the 70,000 Parisian buildings, based on the principle of field surveys. He records the presence of equipment, cleanliness and state of maintenance of buildings communal areas. Source: L'enquête sanitaire urbaine à Paris en 1900 (Sanitary survey in Paris in 1900) by Yankel Fijalkow / Université de Paris 7 / CNRS. LOUEST – 2004.
  220. p. 93, note 49.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, Halele Centrale ale orașului Ploești, 5 indoor and outdoor photographs of the hall, 1931–1933, pp. 40–41, 86.
    • Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Toma T. Socolescu, "Halele Centrale Ploești", article, plans, drawings and photographs, July 1936, No. 6, pp. 13=16, 21–30.
  222. The scanned article is available at the French: Bibliothèque de la Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine: Direct link to the document.
  223. The scanned article is available at the French: Bibliothèque de la Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine: Direct link to the document.
  224. The scanned article is available at the French: Bibliothèque de la Cité de l'architecture et du patrimoine: Direct link to the document.
  225. The article is available at the library of Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (Switzerland) but in restricted access: Link to the journal reference at the EPFL.
  226. pp. 55–56.
  227. Mayor of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești from March 1939 to September 1940.
  228. pp. 86, 88. Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu extensively describes the painter's style and work. pp. 812, 814.
  229. Led by the writer I. N. Theodorescu Arghezi, 2nd year, No. 67, 22 May 1916, entitled Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Cu prilejul exposiției de arhitectură T.T. Socolescu signed by Spiridon Cegăneanu.
  230. Source: Virtutea newspaper article, 24 May 1930.
  231. Translation: Architecture in Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești, historical study.
  232. translation: Architecture,.
  233. All issues of the journal are available:
  234. Library of the Ion Mincu Architecture and Urbanism University.
  235. Central University Library Carol I of Bucharest (Biblioteca Centrală Universitară Carol I).
  236. Arhivele Naționale ale României: Direcția Județeană Prahova a Arhivelor Naționale Link to the address of the Prahova archives department
  237. Asociația pentru Educație și Dezvoltare Urbană and Resume of Lucien Vasile at IICCMER.
  238. Translation: Memoirs.
  239. The work is available:
  240. Translation: Fresco of the architects who have worked in Romania in the modern era from 1800 to 1925.
  241. The book is available:
  242. The book is available:
  243. Translation: Monograph of the City of Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Ploiești.
  244. The monograph can be found:
  245. The book is available at the Central University Library Carol I of Bucharest, reference UNITATEA CENTRALA: 13869.
  246. Translation: Town planning for everyone.
  247. The book is available:
  248. Translation: Monograph of Ion Mincu.
  249. A copy of the monograph, offered by the architect around 1958, is available at the Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism library – Internet site of the Library: Direct link.
  250. The album of over 130 photographs of works by Mincu, the second volume of the monograph which is mentioned by the architect several times in his memoirs as on page 33 (in note below) and on the first page of the copy available at the library of the Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism, seems to have mysteriously disappeared from the documentary fund of the library.
  251. The book is available:
  252. Translation : Toma T. Socolescu Romanian architect 1883-1960.
  253. The book is available:
  254. translation: Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: Socolescu architects 1840- 1940,monographic study..

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