Thrombospondin 4 Explained

Thrombospondin-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the THBS4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the thrombospondin protein family. Thrombospondin family members are adhesive glycoproteins that mediate cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. This protein forms a pentamer and can bind to heparin and calcium. This protein may be involved in local signaling in the developing and adult nervous system, in bone formation and fracture healing, and in osteoarthritis.^[2]

Further reading

• Arber S, Caroni P . Thrombospondin-4, an extracellular matrix protein expressed in the developing and adult nervous system promotes neurite outgrowth. . J. Cell Biol. . 131 . 4 . 1083–94 . 1996 . 7490284 . 10.1083/jcb.131.4.1083 . 2200004 .
• Lawler J, Duquette M, Urry L, etal . The evolution of the thrombospondin gene family. . J. Mol. Evol. . 36 . 6 . 509–16 . 1993 . 8350346 . 10.1007/BF00556355 . 1993JMolE..36..509L . 22473680 .
• Lawler J, Duquette M, Whittaker CA, etal . Identification and characterization of thrombospondin-4, a new member of the thrombospondin gene family. . J. Cell Biol. . 120 . 4 . 1059–67 . 1993 . 8432726 . 10.1083/jcb.120.4.1059 . 2200072 .
• Newton G, Weremowicz S, Morton CC, etal . The thrombospondin-4 gene. . Mamm. Genome . 10 . 10 . 1010–6 . 2000 . 10501972 . 10.1007/s003359901149 . 27379216 .
• Carron JA, Hiscott P, Hagan S, etal . Cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells differentially express thrombospondin-1, -2, -3, and -4. . Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. . 32 . 11–12 . 1137–42 . 2001 . 11137453 . 10.1016/S1357-2725(00)00065-0 .
• Luo J, Dunn T, Ewing C, etal . Gene expression signature of benign prostatic hyperplasia revealed by cDNA microarray analysis. . Prostate . 51 . 3 . 189–200 . 2002 . 11967953 . 10.1002/pros.10087 . 42730702 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Congote LF, Difalco MR, Gibbs BF . The C-terminal peptide of thrombospondin-4 stimulates erythroid cell proliferation. . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 324 . 2 . 673–8 . 2004 . 15474480 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.09.107 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• van Doorn R, Zoutman WH, Dijkman R, etal . Epigenetic profiling of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: promoter hypermethylation of multiple tumor suppressor genes including BCL7a, PTPRG, and p73. . J. Clin. Oncol. . 23 . 17 . 3886–96 . 2005 . 15897551 . 10.1200/JCO.2005.11.353 . free .
• Stenina OI, Ustinov V, Krukovets I, etal . Polymorphisms A387P in thrombospondin-4 and N700S in thrombospondin-1 perturb calcium binding sites. . FASEB J. . 19 . 13 . 1893–5 . 2006 . 16148025 . 10.1096/fj.05-3712fje . free . 27097671 .
• Misenheimer TM, Mosher DF . Biophysical characterization of the signature domains of thrombospondin-4 and thrombospondin-2. . J. Biol. Chem. . 280 . 50 . 41229–35 . 2006 . 16246837 . 10.1074/jbc.M504696200 . 2219889 . free .
• Cui J, Randell E, Renouf J, etal . Thrombospondin-4 1186G>C (A387P) is a sex-dependent risk factor for myocardial infarction: a large replication study with increased sample size from the same population. . Am. Heart J. . 152 . 3 . 543.e1–5 . 2006 . 16923428 . 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.06.002 .
• Cáceres M, Suwyn C, Maddox M, etal . Increased cortical expression of two synaptogenic thrombospondins in human brain evolution. . Cereb. Cortex . 17 . 10 . 2312–21 . 2007 . 17182969 . 10.1093/cercor/bhl140 . free .

Notes and References

1. Lawler J, McHenry K, Duquette M, Derick L . Characterization of human thrombospondin-4 . J Biol Chem . 270 . 6 . 2809–14 . Mar 1995 . 7852353 . 10.1074/jbc.270.6.2809 . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: THBS4 thrombospondin 4.