Decoy receptor 2 explained

Decoy receptor 2 (DCR2), also known as TRAIL receptor 4 (TRAILR4) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10D (TNFRSF10D), is a human cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor contains an extracellular TRAIL-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a truncated cytoplasmic death domain.

This receptor does not induce apoptosis, and has been shown to play an inhibitory role in TRAIL-induced cell apoptosis.

Further reading

• Kimberley FC, Screaton GR . Following a TRAIL: update on a ligand and its five receptors. . Cell Res. . 14 . 5 . 359–72 . 2005 . 15538968 . 10.1038/sj.cr.7290236 . free .
• Degli-Esposti MA, Dougall WC, Smolak PJ . The novel receptor TRAIL-R4 induces NF-kappaB and protects against TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, yet retains an incomplete death domain. . Immunity . 7 . 6 . 813–20 . 1998 . 9430226 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80399-4 . etal. free .
• Phillips TA, Ni J, Pan G . TRAIL (Apo-2L) and TRAIL receptors in human placentas: implications for immune privilege. . J. Immunol. . 162 . 10 . 6053–9 . 1999 . 10.4049/jimmunol.162.10.6053 . 10229846 . etal. free .
• Zhang XD, Franco AV, Nguyen T . Differential localization and regulation of death and decoy receptors for TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in human melanoma cells. . J. Immunol. . 164 . 8 . 3961–70 . 2000 . 10754286 . 10.4049/jimmunol.164.8.3961. etal. free .
• Daigle I, Simon HU . Alternative functions for TRAIL receptors in eosinophils and neutrophils. . . 131 . 17–18 . 231–7 . 2001 . 10.4414/smw.2001.09707 . 11420819 . free .
• Dörr J, Bechmann I, Waiczies S . Lack of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand but presence of its receptors in the human brain. . J. Neurosci. . 22 . 4 . RC209 . 2002 . 11844843 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-04-j0001.2002. 6757573 . etal. free .
• Sun SY, Yue P, Chen X . The synthetic retinoid CD437 selectively induces apoptosis in human lung cancer cells while sparing normal human lung epithelial cells. . Cancer Res. . 62 . 8 . 2430–6 . 2002 . 11956107 . etal.
• Matysiak M, Jurewicz A, Jaskolski D, Selmaj K . TRAIL induces death of human oligodendrocytes isolated from adult brain. . Brain . 125 . Pt 11 . 2469–80 . 2002 . 12390973 . 10.1093/brain/awf254 . free .
• Robertson NM, Zangrilli JG, Steplewski A . Differential expression of TRAIL and TRAIL receptors in allergic asthmatics following segmental antigen challenge: evidence for a role of TRAIL in eosinophil survival. . J. Immunol. . 169 . 10 . 5986–96 . 2003 . 12421985 . 10.4049/jimmunol.169.10.5986. etal. free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Ou D, Metzger DL, Wang X . TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand death pathway-mediated human beta-cell destruction. . Diabetologia . 45 . 12 . 1678–88 . 2003 . 12488957 . 10.1007/s00125-002-0926-2 . etal. free .
• Hasel C, Dürr S, Rau B . In chronic pancreatitis, widespread emergence of TRAIL receptors in epithelia coincides with neoexpression of TRAIL by pancreatic stellate cells of early fibrotic areas. . Lab. Invest. . 83 . 6 . 825–36 . 2003 . 12808117 . 10.1097/01.lab.0000073126.56932.46. etal. free .
• Kotelkin A, Prikhod'ko EA, Cohen JI . Respiratory syncytial virus infection sensitizes cells to apoptosis mediated by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. . J. Virol. . 77 . 17 . 9156–72 . 2003 . 12915532 . 10.1128/JVI.77.17.9156-9172.2003 . 187410 . etal.
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E . The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. . Genome Res. . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . 2003 . 12975309 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 . 403697 . etal.
• Shivapurkar N, Toyooka S, Toyooka KO . Aberrant methylation of trail decoy receptor genes is frequent in multiple tumor types. . Int. J. Cancer . 109 . 5 . 786–92 . 2004 . 14999791 . 10.1002/ijc.20041 . 10876221 . etal. free .
• Zhang Z, Henzel WJ . Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. . Protein Sci. . 13 . 10 . 2819–24 . 2005 . 15340161 . 10.1110/ps.04682504 . 2286551 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . etal.

Notes and References

1. Marsters SA, Sheridan JP, Pitti RM, Huang A, Skubatch M, Baldwin D, Yuan J, Gurney A, Goddard AD, Godowski P, Ashkenazi A . A novel receptor for Apo2L/TRAIL contains a truncated death domain . Curr Biol . 7 . 12 . 1003–6 . Feb 1998 . 9382840 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00422-2 . 21645158 . free . 1997CBio....7.1003M .
2. Pan G, Ni J, Yu G, Wei YF, Dixit VM . TRUNDD, a new member of the TRAIL receptor family that antagonizes TRAIL signalling . FEBS Lett . 424 . 1–2 . 41–5 . Apr 1998 . 9537512 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00135-5 . 2964615 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: TNFRSF10D tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10d, decoy with truncated death domain.