Tōbaé Explained

Tōbaé (トバエ) was a Japanese and French weekly satirical magazine published in the period 1887–1889.

History and profile

Tōbaé was started by French cartoonist Georges Ferdinand Bigot in 1887 as a weekly satirical magazine.^[1] The magazine featured Bigot's cartoons which were mostly dealt with everyday activities of Japanese people and Japanese politicians.^[2] The cartoons criticized the negative consequences of the westernization attempts in Japan.^[2] Tōbaé folded in 1889.^[3]

Notes and References

1. Book: Charles Hatfield. Bart Beaty. Comics Studies. A Guidebook. 2020. 268. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, NJ. 9780813591452. Time Line of Selected Events. 10.36019/9780813591452. 242939207. https://doi.org/10.36019/9780813591452.
2. Web site: New in the Collection: Georges Ferdinand Bigot and Keikan no tabō (警官のたぼう). The Ohio State University. 25 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210225172119/https://library.osu.edu/site/manga/2018/02/19/new-in-the-collection-georges-ferdinand-bigot-and-keikan-no-tabo-%E8%AD%A6%E5%AE%98%E3%81%AE%E3%81%9F%E3%81%BC%E3%81%86/ . 25 February 2021. 19 February 2018.
3. Web site: Georges Bigot, illustrateur satirique (1887-1899). BnF Gallica. 25 December 2021. 20 July 2021. French. https://web.archive.org/web/20210720162634/https://gallica.bnf.fr/html/und/asie/georges-ferdinand-bigot-1860-1927?mode=desktop.