Subulininae Explained

Subulininae is a subfamily of small tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Achatinidae.

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of the Subulinnae remains a source of discussion. It has been raised to the level of family under the name Achatinacea ((Fischer and Crosse 1877; Thiele 1931: 549), later followed by Zilch (1959) and Vaught (1989). This systematic classification was later revealed as polyphyletic (Fontanilla et al. 2017). Molluscabase still considers it as a subfamily of Achatinidae. ^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

Distribution

Worldwide.^[6]

Anatomy

In this subfamily, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 35.^[7]

Genera

Genera in the subfamily Subulininae include:

• Allopeas H. B. Baker, 1935
• Beckianum Baker, 1961^[8]
• Curvella Chaper, 1885
• Dysopeas Baker, 1927^[9]
• Euonyma Melvill & Ponsonby, 1896
• Hypolysia Melvill & Ponsonby, 1901
• Lamellaxis Strebel & Pfeffer, 1882^[8]
• Leptinaria Beck, 1837^[8]
• Leptopeas Baker, 1927^[9]
• Micropeas Connolly, 1923
• Neoglessula Pilsbry, 1909
• Opeas Albers, 1850
• Paropeas Pilsbry, 1906^{[10] [11]}
• Pelatrinia Pilsbry, 1907
• Prosopeas Mörch, 1876
• Pseudarinia Yen, 1952
• Pseudoglessula Boettger, 1892
• Pseudopeas Putzeys, 1899
• Striosubulina Thiele, 1933
• Subulina Beck, 1837^[8] - type genus of the subfamily Subulininae
• Vegrandinia Salvador, Cunha & Simone, 2013^[12]
• Zootecus Westerlund, 1887^[13]

Further reading

• Schileyko A. A. (1999). "Treatise on Recent Terrestrial Pulmonate Molluscs. Part 4 Draparnaudiidae, Caryodidae, Macrocyclidae, Acavidae, Clavatoridae, Dorcasiidae, Sculptariidae, Corillidae, Plectopylidae, Megalobulimidae, Strophocheilidae, Cerionidae, Achatinidae, Subulinidae, Glessulidae, Micractaeonidae, Ferrussaciidae". In: Ruthenica., Supplement, 2(4): 435–564, Moscow, ISSN 0136-0027.
• Bank, R. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: 16 July 2017

Notes and References

1. Man, N. S., Ablett, J. D., Lwin, N., Sutcharit, C. & Panha, S. . Contributions on a small collection of the former Subulinidae Fischer & Crosse, 1877 (Eupulmonata, Achatinoidea) with catalogue of the Glessula and Rishetia species recorded from Myanmar. . ZooKeys . 2024 . 1208 . 173–239 . 10.3897/zookeys.1208.116083 . free . 39114566 . 11303849 .
2. Fischer P, Crosse H . Études sur les mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles du Mexique et du Guatemala. Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans ľAmerique Centrale. . Recherches Zoologiques . 1877 . 7 . 1 . 1–702 .
3. Fontanilla IK, Naggs F, Wade CM . Molecular phylogeny of the Achatinoidea (Mollusca: Gastropoda). . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 2017 . 114 . 382–385 . 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.06.014 . 28647619 .
4. Book: Vaught . K.C. . A Classification of the Living Mollusca. . 1989 . American Malacologists, Inc. . Melbourne, FL. . 1–195.
5. Zilch . A. . Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 51: Mollusca: Achatinacea' (2): Ferrussaciidae, Subulinidae . Archiv für Molluskenkunde . 1973 . 103 . 99–152.
6. http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/family?id=40 "Family summary for Subulinidae"
7. Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, . 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
8. http://www.ecosis.cu/cenbio/biodiversidadcuba/fauna/mollusca.htm "Mollusca"
9. Baker, Horace B. 1930: The mollusca collected by the University of Michigan – Williamson expedition in Venezuela. Occasional Paper of Museum of zoology. 210:1-51
10. Pilsbry H. A. (1906). In: Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. (1906) Manual of Conchology (2)18: 14.
11. Naggs F. (1994). "The reproductive anatomy of Paropeas achatinaceum and a new concept of Paropeas (Pulmonata: Achatinoidea: Subulinidae)". Journal of Molluscan Studies 60(2): 175-191. .
12. Salvador R. B., Cunha C. M. & Simone L. R. L. (2013). "Taxonomic revision of the orthalicid land snails (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora) from Trindade Island, Brazil". Journal of Natural History 47(13-14): 949-961. .
13. http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/genus?id=1285 "Genus summary for Zootecus"