Shankaracharya Explained

Shankaracharya (sa|शङ्कराचार्य,, "Shankara-acharya") is a religious title used by the heads of amnaya monasteries called mathas in the Advaita Vedanta tradition of Hinduism. The title derives from Adi Shankara; teachers from the successive line of teachers retrospectively dated back to him are known as Shankaracharyas.

Etymology

The word Shankaracharya is composed of two parts, Shankara and Acharya. Acharya is a Sanskrit word meaning "teacher", so Shankaracharya means "teacher of the way of Shankara".^[1]

Establishment of the tradition

According to a tradition developed in the 16th century, Adi Shankara set up four monasteries known as Mathas or Peethams, in the North, South, East and West of India, to be held by realised men who would be known as Shankaracharyas. They would take on the role of teacher and could be consulted by anyone with sincere queries of a spiritual nature.^{[2] [3]} Another monastery Kanchi Kamkoti Peeth in south India also derives its establishment and tradition to Adi Shankara, however its heads are called "Acharya" or "Jagadguru" instead of "Shankaracharya".

The table below gives an overview of the four main Shankaracharya Amnaya Mathas reputedly founded by Adi Shankara, and their details.^[4]

Shishya (lineage)	Direction			Veda		Present Shankaracharya
	East			Rig Veda	Bhogavala	Swami Nischalananda Saraswati
	South			Yajur Veda	Bhurivala	Sri Bharati Tirtha
	West			Sama Veda	Kitavala	Swami Sadanand Saraswati[5]
	North			Atharva Veda	Nandavala	Swami Avimukteshwaranand Saraswati

Further reading

• Mukhyananda, Swami (2006) Sri Shankaracharya: life and philosophy: An elucidative and reconciliatory interpretation, 4th ed.; ; Kolkata; Advaita Ashrama
• Esoteric Buddhism by A.P. Sinnett, pp 81

See also

• Adi Shankara
• Kalady, Kerala - Birthplace of Jagadguru Adi Shankaracharya
• Govardhan Peetham (East), Puri, Odisha
• Dwarka Sharada Peetham (West), Dwarka, Gujarat
• Jyotirmaya Peetham (North), Joshimath, Uttarakhand
• Sringeri Sharada Peetham (South), Sringeri, Karnataka
• Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu
• Sri Jayendra Saraswathi, Shankaracharya of Kanchi
• Swami Abhinava Vidya Tīrtha, Shankaracharya of Sringeri
• Swami Bharati Tīrtha, Shankaracharya of Sringeri
• Swami Bharatikrishna Tīrtha, scholar; mathematician; first Sankaracharya to visit the West
• Swami Brahmananda Sarasvati, Srividya Siddh Sankaracharya of Jyotirmaya Pitha, Shankara Matha, Badrinath
• Swami Shantanand Saraswati, Shankaracharya of Jyotirmaya Pitha
• Swami Swarupananda Sarasvati, Shankaracharya of Jyotirmaya Pitha, Sankara Matha, Badrinath
• Swami Candrasekhara Bharati, Shankaracharya of Sringeri
• Swami Saccidananda Bharati, Shankaracharya of Sringeri
• Swami Sacchidananda Bharati, Shankaracharya of Sringeri
• Swami Sacchidananda Shivabhinava Nṛusimha Bharati, Shankaracharya of Sringeri
• Swami Vidyaranya Tīrtha, Shankaracharya of Sringeri
• Sri Sri Raghaveshwara Bharati, Jagadguru of Ramachandrapura Matha

External links

• Advaita-Vedanta.org "Dasanami Sampradaya - The Monastic Tradition", an account of the four amnaya mathas, and the "Dashanamī parampāra"
• "History of Jagadguru Sri Adi Shankara Bhagavatpada", "Biography of Jagadguru Sri Adi Shankaracharya"

Notes and References

1. Book: Snow, Michael J. . Mindful philosophy . October 2018 . 9781546292388 . Milton Keynes . 1063750429.
2. Book: Waite, Dennis, 1948-. The book of one : the ancient wisdom of Advaita. 2010. O Books. 9781846943478. [2nd ed.]. Winchester, UK. 573397586.
3. Book: Barrett, David V.. The new believers : a survey of sects, cults, and alternative religions. 2001. Cassell. Barrett, David V.. 0304355925. London. 44933824. registration.
4. Web site: Adi Shankara's four Amnaya Peethams . https://web.archive.org/web/20060626233820/http://www.sringerisharadapeetham.org/html/History/amnaya.html. 26 June 2006 . 2006-08-20.
5. Web site: Swami Swaroopanand Saraswati's successors: TWO Shankaracharyas of two different Peeths now - DETAILS here . 2023-05-06 . Zee News . en.