| Location: | Santahar, Bogra, East Pakistan |
| Target: | Biharis and non-Bengalis[1] |
| Date: | March 27 - April 17, 1971 |
| Type: | Ethnic cleansing |
| Fatalities: | 1,000+ killed |
| Perps: | Mukti Bahini |
| Weapons: | Ram-daos |
Santahar massacre was a massacre of up to 1,000 men, women and children in the railway town of Santahar located in Naogaon District of East Pakistan.[2] [3]
Santahar was a railway town in Bogra District was home to about 50,000 Biharis in 1971 who lived in various neighbourhoods of the town.[4]
Eyewitness accounts state that on March 26, 1971, clashes emerged between Bengalis and Urdu-speaking inhabitants of the area.[5]
At dawn of March 27, a contingent of the paramilitary East Pakistan Rifles, police and Ansar arrived from Naogaon Cantonment and asked the Biharis to lay down their arms.[6] However, these soldiers turned out to be rebels who committed desertion and joined the Bangladesh Forces.
In the afternoon of the same day of March 27, Biharis took refuge at the Jama Masjid of Chaibagan – close to the railway station –where eyewitnesses say that an armed mob entered the mosque and killed nearly all the people present in its open courtyard. About 60 people were massacred.
On 10 April, armed men attacked a factory where people had been taking refuge since 27 March were killed with machetes, swords and rods. By the evening, when the massacre of the men had been completed, the Mukti Bahini men ordered the women and children either to return to their homes or to go to the railway station.
Victims allege that the Mukti Bahini men came everyday to the platform every day to ‘choose’ people to be taken to a bamboo hut of Haat Maidan. The Mukti Bahini announced that the station was to be made functional and the train service was now to be resumed.
However two days later on April 17, they began murdering all civilians.
By April 17, the Mukti Bahini had massacred all the non-Bengali residents of Santahar.[7] Tahira, a survivor who hid the house of a Bengali family said:
Another survivor, Syed Pervez Afsar alleges that Bihari children had been killed, their bodies were dumped in the Rupsha river, while survivors were hunted down with machetes by boarding on boats.“On the morning of 17, armed men encircled the entire Station Colony and started closing in from all directions. It was a wholesale massacre in which there was no amnesty for anyone.”
On April 22, 1971, Pakistan Army captured the Santahar railway station with the help of the local winemaker.
Ishrat Ferdousi, a researcher on 1971 atrocities, said attacks on Biharis can be termed “genocide." Sarmila Bose in her book in 2011, argues that Bengalis are in a state of denial about the massacre.
The Bangladesh Liberation War Museum has downplayed the massacre, calling them "isolated instances of mob violence."
Ezaz Ahmed Chowdhury, a Bihari community leader said: