SUPT16H explained

FACT complex subunit SPT16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT16H gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

Transcription of protein-coding genes can be reconstituted on naked DNA with only the general transcription factors and RNA polymerase II. However, this minimal system cannot transcribe DNA packaged into chromatin, indicating that accessory factors may facilitate access to DNA. One such factor, FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription), interacts specifically with histones H2A/H2B to effect nucleosome disassembly and transcription elongation. FACT is composed of an 80 kDa subunit and a 140 kDa subunit, the latter of which is the protein encoded by this gene.

Further reading

• LeRoy G, Orphanides G, Lane WS, Reinberg D . Requirement of RSF and FACT for transcription of chromatin templates in vitro . Science . 282 . 5395 . 1900–4 . 1998 . 9836642 . 10.1126/science.282.5395.1900 .
• Orphanides G, Wu WH, Lane WS, Hampsey M, Reinberg D . The chromatin-specific transcription elongation factor FACT comprises human SPT16 and SSRP1 proteins . Nature . 400 . 6741 . 284–8 . 1999 . 10421373 . 10.1038/22350 . 1999Natur.400..284O . 4300397 .
• Kang SW, Kuzuhara T, Horikoshi M . Functional interaction of general transcription initiation factor TFIIE with general chromatin factor SPT16/CDC68 . Genes Cells . 5 . 4 . 251–63 . 2000 . 10792464 . 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00323.x . 33454256 .
• Wada T, Orphanides G, Hasegawa J, Kim DK, Shima D, Yamaguchi Y, Fukuda A, Hisatake K, Oh S, Reinberg D, Handa H . FACT relieves DSIF/NELF-mediated inhibition of transcriptional elongation and reveals functional differences between P-TEFb and TFIIH . Mol. Cell . 5 . 6 . 1067–72 . 2000 . 10912001 . 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80272-5 . free .
• Keller DM, Lu H . p53 serine 392 phosphorylation increases after UV through induction of the assembly of the CK2.hSPT16.SSRP1 complex . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 51 . 50206–13 . 2003 . 12393879 . 10.1074/jbc.M209820200 . free .
• Kitagawa H, Fujiki R, Yoshimura K, Mezaki Y, Uematsu Y, Matsui D, Ogawa S, Unno K, Okubo M, Tokita A, Nakagawa T, Ito T, Ishimi Y, Nagasawa H, Matsumoto T, Yanagisawa J, Kato S . The chromatin-remodeling complex WINAC targets a nuclear receptor to promoters and is impaired in Williams syndrome . Cell . 113 . 7 . 905–17 . 2003 . 12837248 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00436-7 . free .
• Belotserkovskaya R, Oh S, Bondarenko VA, Orphanides G, Studitsky VM, Reinberg D . FACT facilitates transcription-dependent nucleosome alteration . Science . 301 . 5636 . 1090–3 . 2003 . 12934006 . 10.1126/science.1085703 . 2003Sci...301.1090B . 26667338 .
• Li J, Hawkins IC, Harvey CD, Jennings JL, Link AJ, Patton JG . Regulation of Alternative Splicing by SRrp86 and Its Interacting Proteins . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 23 . 21 . 7437–47 . 2003 . 14559993 . 207616 . 10.1128/MCB.23.21.7437-7447.2003 .
• Tan BC, Lee SC . Nek9, a novel FACT-associated protein, modulates interphase progression . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 10 . 9321–30 . 2004 . 14660563 . 10.1074/jbc.M311477200 . free.
• Fryer CJ, White JB, Jones KA . Mastermind recruits CycC:CDK8 to phosphorylate the Notch ICD and coordinate activation with turnover . Mol. Cell . 16 . 4 . 509–20 . 2005 . 15546612 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.10.014 . free .
• Kouskouti A, Talianidis I . Histone modifications defining active genes persist after transcriptional and mitotic inactivation . EMBO J. . 24 . 2 . 347–57 . 2005 . 15616580 . 545808 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600516 .
• Huang JY, Chen WH, Chang YL, Wang HT, Chuang WT, Lee SC . Modulation of nucleosome-binding activity of FACT by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation . Nucleic Acids Res. . 34 . 8 . 2398–407 . 2006 . 16682447 . 1458519 . 10.1093/nar/gkl241 .
• Pavri R, Zhu B, Li G, Trojer P, Mandal S, Shilatifard A, Reinberg D . Histone H2B monoubiquitination functions cooperatively with FACT to regulate elongation by RNA polymerase II . Cell . 125 . 4 . 703–17 . 2006 . 16713563 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.04.029 . free .
• Tan BC, Chien CT, Hirose S, Lee SC . Functional cooperation between FACT and MCM helicase facilitates initiation of chromatin DNA replication . EMBO J. . 25 . 17 . 3975–85 . 2006 . 16902406 . 1560368 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601271 .
• Biswas D, Dutta-Biswas R, Mitra D, Shibata Y, Strahl BD, Formosa T, Stillman DJ . Opposing roles for Set2 and yFACT in regulating TBP binding at promoters . EMBO J. . 25 . 19 . 4479–89 . 2006 . 16977311 . 1589996 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601333 .

Notes and References

1. Orphanides G, LeRoy G, Chang CH, Luse DS, Reinberg D . FACT, a factor that facilitates transcript elongation through nucleosomes . Cell . 92 . 1 . 105–16 . Mar 1998 . 9489704 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80903-4 . free .
2. Keller DM, Zeng X, Wang Y, Zhang QH, Kapoor M, Shu H, Goodman R, Lozano G, Zhao Y, Lu H . A DNA damage-induced p53 serine 392 kinase complex contains CK2, hSpt16, and SSRP1 . Mol Cell . 7 . 2 . 283–92 . Mar 2001 . 11239457 . 10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00176-9 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: SUPT16H suppressor of Ty 16 homolog (S. cerevisiae).