| Rowland Day | |
| State: | New York |
| District: | 24th |
| Term Start: | March 4, 1833 |
| Term End: | March 3, 1835 |
| Predecessor: | Ulysses F. Doubleday |
| Successor: | Ulysses F. Doubleday |
| Term Start2: | March 4, 1823 |
| Term End2: | March 3, 1825 |
| Predecessor2: | New district |
| Successor2: | Charles Kellogg |
| Office3: | New York State Assembly |
| Term Start3: | 1816 |
| Term End3: | 1817 |
| Birth Date: | 6 March 1779 |
| Birth Place: | Chester, Massachusetts, US |
| Death Place: | Moravia, New York, US |
| Party: | Crawford Democratic-Republican Jacksonian |
Rowland Day (March 6, 1779 Chester, Massachusetts – December 23, 1853 Moravia, New York) was an American merchant and politician from New York. From 1823 to 1825, he served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives.
In 1805, Day removed to Skaneateles, and in 1810 to Sempronius. He engaged in mercantile pursuits, and was Supervisor of the Town of Sempronius for several years.
He was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1816-17, and a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1821.
Day was elected as a Crawford Democratic-Republican to the 18th, and as a Jacksonian to the 23rd United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1823, to March 3, 1825, and from March 4, 1833, to March 3, 1835.
He was Postmaster of Sempronius. In 1833, the Western part of Sempronius (where Day lived) was separated as the Town of Moravia.
He was buried at the Indian Mound Cemetery in Moravia