| Richard Franklin Preston | |
| Riding1: | Lanark |
| Parliament1: | Canadian |
| Term Start1: | 1922 |
| Term End1: | 1929 |
| Predecessor1: | John Alexander Stewart |
| Successor1: | William Samuel Murphy |
| Office2: | Ontario MPP |
| Term Start2: | 1905 |
| Term End2: | 1919 |
| Predecessor2: | William Clyde Caldwell |
| Successor2: | Hiram McCreary |
| Term Start3: | 1894 |
| Term End3: | 1898 |
| Predecessor3: | William Clyde Caldwell |
| Successor3: | William Clyde Caldwell |
| Constituency3: | Lanark North |
| Party: | Conservative |
| Birth Date: | 24 October 1860 |
| Birth Place: | Leeds County, Canada West |
| Occupation: | Physician |
| Relations: | Robert Henry Preston, brother |
Richard Franklin Preston (October 24, 1860 - February 8, 1929) was an Ontario physician and political figure. He represented Lanark North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1894 to 1898 and from 1905 to 1919 and Lanark in the House of Commons of Canada from 1922 to 1929 as a Conservative member.
He was born in Leeds County, Canada West, the son of Anthony Preston, an Irish immigrant, and was educated at Queen's University. His older brother Robert Henry Preston was also a physician and politician. Preston ran unsuccessfully for the Lanark North seat in the House of Commons in 1900 and 1904. He served as a minister without portfolio in the provincial cabinet from 1914 to 1919. He was first elected to the House of Commons in a 1922 by-election held after the death of John Alexander Stewart.
Preston was reeve and later mayor of Carleton Place. He also served as warden for Lanark County.