| Honorific-Prefix: | Ing. |
| Ricardo Mario Ehrlich | |
| Order: | Municipal Intendant of Montevideo |
| Term Start: | April 1, 2005 |
| Term End: | 2010 |
| Awards: | Premio Legión del Libro |
| President: | Tabaré Vázquez |
| Predecessor: | Mariano Arana |
| Successor: | Hyara Rodríguez |
| Birth Date: | 4 November 1948 |
| Birth Place: | Montevideo, Uruguay |
| Party: | Broad Front |
| Spouse: | Verónica Etchart |
| Children: | Lucía y Leticia |
| Alma Mater: | Université Louis Pasteur |
| Occupation: | Political, engineer |
Ricardo Mario Ehrlich (Montevideo, born 4 November 1948) is a Uruguayan biologist and a political figure.
From 2005 until 2010 he was Mayor (styled Intendente Municipal in Uruguayan vernacular Spanish) of Montevideo. He is from the prominent local Jewish community.
Ehrlich was a student militant who was jailed under the Presidency of Juan Maria Bordaberry who led a coup in 1973 to reinforce his rule at a time of great social tension. Subsequently, on his release in 1973, Ehrlich spent many years in exile in Europe.
By profession Ehrlich is a leading biochemist in Uruguay.
In 2005 Ehrlich stood for the leftist Frente Amplio in Montevideo's mayoral elections and won, gaining 60.9% of the vote. His nearest rival, for the Colorado Party, was Pedro Bordaberry, a son of former President Juan Maria Bordaberry, who scored 26.9%.
He was longlisted for the 2008 World Mayor award.
On March 1, 2010, new president José Mujica appointed him Minister of Education.