Rhinobatos Explained

Rhinobatos is a genus of fish in the Rhinobatidae family.^[1] Although previously used to encompass all guitarfishes, it was found to be polyphyletic,^[2] and recent authorities have transferred many species included in the genus to Acroteriobatus, Glaucostegus, and Pseudobatos.^[3]

Species

The 20 currently recognized species in this genus are:^{[2] [3]}

• Rhinobatos albomaculatus Norman, 1930 (White-spotted guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos annandalei Norman, 1926 (Annandale's guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos austini Ebert & Gon, 2017 (Austin’s guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos borneensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2016 (Borneo guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos formosensis Norman, 1926 (Taiwan guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos holcorhynchus Norman, 1922 (Slender guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos hynnicephalus J. Richardson, 1846 (Ringstreaked guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos irvinei Norman, 1931 (Spineback guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos jimbaranensis Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Jimbaran shovelnose ray)^[4]
• Rhinobatos lionotus Norman, 1926 (Smoothback guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos manai W. T. White, Last & Naylor, 2016 (Papuan guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos nudidorsalis Last, Compagno & Nakaya, 2004 (Bareback shovelnose ray)^[5]
• Rhinobatos penggali Last, W. T. White & Fahmi, 2006 (Indonesian shovelnose ray)^[4]
• Rhinobatos punctifer Compagno & J. E. Randall, 1987 (Spotted guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos ranongensis Last, Séret & Naylor, 2019 (Ranong guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos rhinobatos Linnaeus, 1758 (Common guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos sainsburyi Last, 2004 (Goldeneye shovelnose ray)
• Rhinobatos schlegelii J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841 (Brown guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos thouiniana (Shaw, 1804) (Shaw's shovelnose guitarfish)
• Rhinobatos whitei Last, Corrigan & Naylor, 2014 (Philippine guitarfish)^[6]

Extinct species

Species within this genus include:^[7]

• †Rhinobatos bruxelliensis Jaekel 1894
• †Rhinobatos casieri Herman 1975
• †Rhinobatos grandis Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos hakelensis Capetta 1980
• †Rhinobatos incertus Cappetta 1973
• †Rhinobatos intermedius Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos latus Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos maronita Pictet and Humbert 1866
• †Rhinobatos primarmatus Woodward 1889
• †Rhinobatos sahnii Sahni and Mehrotra 1981
• †Rhinobatos steurbauti Cappetta and Nolf 1981
• †Rhinobatos tenuirostris Davis 1887
• †Rhinobatos whitfieldi Hay 1903

†Rhinobatos beurleni Silva Santos 1968 moved into its own genus, Iansan.^[8]

Fossil record

These fishes lived from the Tithonian age to Present (from 150 to 0 million years ago). Fossils have been found in Brazil, Europe, Africa, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, India and United States.

See also

• List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera

Notes and References

1. Wilga . C.D. . Motta . P.J. . 1998 . Feeding mechanism of the Atlantic guitarfish Rhinobatos lentiginosus: Modulation of kinematic and motor activity . Journal of Experimental Biology . 201 . 23. 3167–3184 . 10.1242/jeb.201.23.3167 . 9808831 .
2. Book: Naylor, G.J.P.. Caira, J.N.. Jensen, K.. Rosana, K.A.M.. Straube, N.. Lakner, C. . 2012 . Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species . Carrier, J.C.. Musick, J.A.. Heithaus, M.R. . Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives . 2 . CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida . 31–56.
3. Book: Peter Last. William White. Marcelo de Carvalho. Bernard Séret. Matthias Stehmann. Gavin Naylor . Rays of the World . 2016 . . 9780643109148 .
4. Last, P.R.. White, W.T. . Fahmi . Cybium . 30 . 3 . 2006 . 261–271 . Rhinobatos jimbaranensis and R. penggali, two new shovelnose rays (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from eastern Indonesia. .
5. Ichthyological Research . 51 . 2 . 2004 . 153–158 . Rhinobatos nudidorsalis, a new species of shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Mascarene Ridge, central Indian Ocean . Last, P.R.. Compagno, L.J.V.. Nakaya, K. . 10.1007/s10228-004-0211-0. 2004IchtR..51..153L . 32090559 .
6. Last, P.R.. Corrigan, S.. Naylor, G. . 2014 . Rhinobatos whitei, a new shovelnose ray (Batoidea: Rhinobatidae) from the Philippine Archipelago . Zootaxa. 3872 . 1 . 31–47 . 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.1.3. 25544069 .
7. https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=34708 Paleobiology Database
8. Brito . Paulo . Leal . Maria . 2013-07-18 . Boletim do Museu Nacional. A NEW LOWER CRETACEOUS GUITARFISH (CHONDRICHTHYES, BATOIDEA) FROM THE SANTANA FORMATION, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL .