The 8140 was a diesel engine made by Sofim for cars. Originally introduced as a swirl chamber, naturally aspirated diesel it was mostly used in commercial vehicles worldwide.
At the time of introduction, the 8140's overhead camshaft layout (driven by a toothed timingbelt) was unexpected in a diesel engine, which were typically overhead valve designs.[1] Turbocharging the original engine, the design of which was finished in 1974, was impeded until 1985 due to restrictions of the original design.[2] Heat flux issues with the aluminium head and swirl chambers were eventually overcome, but did slow down development.
First direct injection models also appeared in the mid-1980s.
Additionally to the Fiat designation 8140 some engines got a Renault tag (S8 for indirect injection, S9 for direct injection).
In the early beginning there was a 1995cc four-cylinder, called the Sofim 8144.65. Alongside the 2.4-litre version it was used in light commercial vehicles like the Saviem SG2, OM Grinta, and the Fiat/Iveco Daily, as well as passenger cars like the Fiat 131 and 132 models.[3] [4] It also saw use in the Fiat Campagnola.
The original 2.4 L big block displaces, with a bore and stroke of .
| Engine type | Displacement cc | Max power PS (kW) at rpm | Max torque N⋅m (lb⋅ft) at rpm | Layout and number of cylinders | Valve / number of valves | Car | Years of production | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8140.61 | 2445 | 72 (53)/4200 | /2400 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat 131 Fiat 132 Fiat Argenta Fiat Campagnola Fiat Ducato Iveco Daily | 1978–1983 1978–1981 1981–1985 1979–1987 1981–1989 1978–1990 | |
| S8U 720/722 | 2445 | 71 (52)/4200 | /2200 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Renault Trafic Renault Master | 1981–1989 | |
| 8144.21 | 2445 | 92 (68)/3800 | /2200 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Fiat Argenta Fiat Ducato Iveco TurboDaily | 1983–1985 1981–1989 1980–1990 | |
| S8U 750 | 2445 | 92 (68)/3800 | /2200 | R4, IDI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Renault Master B90 | 1986–1990 | |
| 8144.91 | 2445 | 101 (74)/4100 | /2300 | R4, IDI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Croma Lancia Thema | 1985–1989 1984–1988 |
In 1990 the 2.5 L was introduced with a longer stroke, increased by 2 mm to 92 mm. The bore remained unchanged at 93 mm, this version displaces .
| Engine type | Displacement cc | Max power PS (kW) at rpm | Max torque N⋅m (lb⋅ft) at rpm | Layout and number of cylinders | Valve / number of valves | Car | Years of production | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8140.07 | 2499 | /4200 /4000 | /2200 /2400 | R4, DI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco TurboDaily Renault Trafic Renault Master Renault Messenger Tarpan Honker | 1989–1994 1990–1994 1990–1994 1990–1997 1990–1999 1991–1996 | |
| 8144.67 | 2499 | /4200 | /2200 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Croma Fiat Ducato | 1989–1996 1989–1994 | |
| S9U (8140.67) | 2499 | /4000 | /2200 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Renault Master Opel Movano Nissan Interstar | 1997–2000 1998–2000 1999–2000 | |
| 8140.67 | 2499 | /4200 | /2400 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato | 1994–1999 | |
| 8140.27 | 2499 | /3800 /3800 | /2000 /2000 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco TurboDaily Renault Messenger Tarpan Honker | 1989–1994 1989–1994 1989–1996 1991–1996 | |
| S9U (8140.27) | 2499 | /3800 /3800 | /2200 /2200 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Renault Master | 1989–1990 1990–1994 | |
| 8140.47 | 2499 | /3800 | /2000 | R4, DI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco TurboDaily Renault Messenger | 1994–2002 1994–2000 1994–1996 | |
| 8144.97 | 2499 | /3900 | /2200 | R4, IDI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Croma Lancia Thema | 1989–1996 | |
| S8U-762 (8144.97) | 2499 | /4000 | /2000 | R4, IDI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Renault Safrane | 1992–1996 |
The 2.8 L displaces 2800 cc having a larger bore and stroke of .
| Engine type | Displacement cc | Max power PS (kW) at rpm | Max torque N⋅m (lb⋅ft) at rpm | Layout and number of cylinders | Valve / number of valves | Car | Years of production | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8140.63 | 2799 | 87 (64)/3800 85 (63)/3800 | /2000 | R4, IDI, naturally aspirated | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Iveco Daily Renault Mascott | 1998–2000 1996–1999 1999–2004 | |
| 8140.23 | 2799 | 103 (76)/3600 106 (78)/3600 | /1900 /1900 /1800 | R4, DI, turbocharged | OHC/8 | Iveco Daily Renault Messenger Renault Mascott | 1996–2000 1996–1999 1999–2004 | |
| S9W (8140.43) | 2799 | 115 (84)/3600 | /1800 | R4, DI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Renault Master Opel Movano Nissan Interstar | 1997–2000 1998–2000 1999–2000 | |
| 8140.43 | 2799 | 118 (87)/3600 122 (90)/3600 | /1800 /1800 | R4, DI, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Citroën Jumper Peugeot Boxer Iveco Daily | 1997–2000 1997–2000 1997–2000 1996–2000 | |
| 8140.43S | 2799 | 127 (93,5)/3600 125 (92)/3600 | /1800 /1800 | R4, DI, common rail, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Citroën Jumper Peugeot Boxer Iveco Daily Renault Mascott | 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2006 2000–2004 | |
| 8140.43N | 2799 | 146 (107)/3600 | /1500 /1500 | R4, DI, common rail, turbocharged, intercooled | OHC/8 | Fiat Ducato Citroën Jumper Peugeot Boxer Iveco Daily Renault Mascott | 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2005 2000–2006 2000–2004 |
After continuous development these engines are nowadays known as F1A (2.3 L) and F1C (3.0 L), available for marine and industrial use from Fiat Powertrain Technologies (FPT) and CNH Industrial (since 2012) respectively. The 3-liter version is also built by Mitsubishi Fuso for use in their medium-duty commercials, under the name 4P10.