REG1B explained

Lithostathine-1-beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG1B gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

This gene is a type I subclass member of the Reg gene family. The Reg gene family is a multigene family grouped into four subclasses, types I, II, III and IV based on the primary structures of the encoded proteins. This gene encodes a protein that is secreted by the exocrine pancreas. It is associated with islet cell regeneration and diabetogenesis and may be involved in pancreatic lithogenesis. Reg family members REG1A, REGL, PAP and this gene are tandemly clustered on chromosome 2p12 and may have arisen from the same ancestral gene by gene duplication.^[2]

Further reading

• De Reggi M, Gharib B . Protein-X, Pancreatic Stone-, Pancreatic thread-, reg-protein, P19, lithostathine, and now what? Characterization, structural analysis and putative function(s) of the major non-enzymatic protein of pancreatic secretions. . Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. . 2 . 1 . 19–42 . 2002 . 12369899 . 10.2174/1389203013381233.
• Itoh T, Tsuzuki H, Katoh T, Teraoka H, Matsumoto K, Yoshida N, Terazono K, Watanabe T, Yonekura H, Yamamoto H . Isolation and characterization of human reg protein produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. . FEBS Lett. . 272 . 1–2 . 85–8 . 1990 . 2226837 . 10.1016/0014-5793(90)80454-Q . 31078322 . free .
• Watanabe T, Yonekura H, Terazono K, Yamamoto H, Okamoto H . Complete nucleotide sequence of human reg gene and its expression in normal and tumoral tissues. The reg protein, pancreatic stone protein, and pancreatic thread protein are one and the same product of the gene . J. Biol. Chem. . 265 . 13 . 7432–9 . 1990 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39132-X . 2332435 . free .
• de la Monte SM, Ozturk M, Wands JR . Enhanced expression of an exocrine pancreatic protein in Alzheimer's disease and the developing human brain . J. Clin. Invest. . 86 . 3 . 1004–13 . 1990 . 2394826 . 296822 . 10.1172/JCI114762.
• De Caro AM, Adrich Z, Fournet B, Capon C, Bonicel JJ, De Caro JD, Rovery M . N-terminal sequence extension in the glycosylated forms of human pancreatic stone protein. The 5-oxoproline N-terminal chain is O-glycosylated on the 5th amino acid residue . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 994 . 3 . 281–4 . 1989 . 2493268 . 10.1016/0167-4838(89)90305-1 .
• Giorgi D, Bernard JP, Rouquier S, Iovanna J, Sarles H, Dagorn JC . Secretory pancreatic stone protein messenger RNA. Nucleotide sequence and expression in chronic calcifying pancreatitis . J. Clin. Invest. . 84 . 1 . 100–6 . 1989 . 2525567 . 303958 . 10.1172/JCI114128 .
• Stewart TA . The human reg gene encodes pancreatic stone protein . Biochem. J. . 260 . 2 . 622–3 . 1989 . 2764894 . 1138718 . 10.1042/bj2600622.
• Terazono K, Yamamoto H, Takasawa S, Shiga K, Yonemura Y, Tochino Y, Okamoto H . A novel gene activated in regenerating islets . J. Biol. Chem. . 263 . 5 . 2111–4 . 1988 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)69176-8 . 2963000 . free .
• Rouimi P, Bonicel J, Rovery M, De Caro A . Cleavage of the Arg-Ile bond in the native polypeptide chain of human pancreatic stone protein . FEBS Lett. . 216 . 2 . 195–9 . 1987 . 3108036 . 10.1016/0014-5793(87)80688-9. 37809879 .
• Montalto G, Bonicel J, Multigner L, Rovery M, Sarles H, De Caro A . Partial amino acid sequence of human pancreatic stone protein, a novel pancreatic secretory protein . Biochem. J. . 238 . 1 . 227–32 . 1987 . 3541906 . 1147119 . 10.1042/bj2380227.
• De Caro AM, Bonicel JJ, Rouimi P, De Caro JD, Sarles H, Rovery M . Complete amino acid sequence of an immunoreactive form of human pancreatic stone protein isolated from pancreatic juice . Eur. J. Biochem. . 168 . 1 . 201–7 . 1987 . 3665916 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13405.x .
• Gross J, Carlson RI, Brauer AW, Margolies MN, Warshaw AL, Wands JR . Isolation, characterization, and distribution of an unusual pancreatic human secretory protein . J. Clin. Invest. . 76 . 6 . 2115–26 . 1986 . 3908481 . 424321 . 10.1172/JCI112216 .
• De Reggi M, Capon C, Gharib B, Wieruszeski JM, Michel R, Fournet B . The glycan moiety of human pancreatic lithostathine. Structure characterization and possible pathophysiological implications . Eur. J. Biochem. . 230 . 2 . 503–10 . 1995 . 7607222 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20589.x .
• Gharib B, Fox MF, Bartoli C, Giorgi D, Sansonetti A, Swallow DM, Dagorn JC, Berge-lefranc JL . Human regeneration protein/lithostathine genes map to chromosome 2p12 . Ann. Hum. Genet. . 57 . Pt 1 . 9–16 . 1993 . 8333731 . 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1993.tb00882.x . 19794817 .
• Bartoli C, Gharib B, Giorgi D, Sansonetti A, Dagorn JC, Bergé-Lefranc JL . A gene homologous to the reg gene is expressed in the human pancreas . FEBS Lett. . 327 . 3 . 289–93 . 1993 . 8348956 . 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81006-L . 44565895 .
• Miyashita H, Nakagawara K, Mori M, Narushima Y, Noguchi N, Moriizumi S, Takasawa S, Yonekura H, Takeuchi T, Okamoto H . Human REG family genes are tandemly ordered in a 95-kilobase region of chromosome 2p12 . FEBS Lett. . 377 . 3 . 429–33 . 1996 . 8549770 . 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01381-4 . 5872129 . free .
• Bertrand JA, Pignol D, Bernard JP, Verdier JM, Dagorn JC, Fontecilla-Camps JC . Crystal structure of human lithostathine, the pancreatic inhibitor of stone formation . EMBO J. . 15 . 11 . 2678–84 . 1996 . 8654365 . 450203 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00628.x.
• Patard L, Stoven V, Gharib B, Bontems F, Lallemand JY, De Reggi M . What function for human lithostathine?: structural investigations by three-dimensional structure modeling and high-resolution NMR spectroscopy . Protein Eng. . 9 . 11 . 949–57 . 1997 . 8961348 . 10.1093/protein/9.11.949 . free .
• Bartoli C, Baeza N, Figarella C, Pellegrini I, Figarella-Branger D . Expression of peptide-23/pancreatitis-associated protein and Reg genes in human pituitary and adenomas: comparison with other fetal and adult human tissues . J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. . 83 . 11 . 4041–6 . 1998 . 10.1210/jcem.83.11.5217 . 9814489 . free .

Notes and References

1. Moriizumi S, Watanabe T, Unno M, Nakagawara K, Suzuki Y, Miyashita H, Yonekura H, Okamoto H . Isolation, structural determination and expression of a novel reg gene, human regI beta . Biochim Biophys Acta . 1217 . 2 . 199–202 . Mar 1994 . 8110835 . 10.1016/0167-4781(94)90035-3 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: REG1B regenerating islet-derived 1 beta (pancreatic stone protein, pancreatic thread protein).