Penicillium duclauxii explained

Penicillium duclauxii is an anamorph species of the genus of Penicillium which produces xenoclauxin and duclauxin.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Description

Colonies on CYA on day 7 are 2.5–3 cm in diameter, somewhat radially striated, with white and yellow mycelium, fluffy, with synnemes, non-spore-bearing or weakly spore-bearing. There is no exudate. The reverse of the colonies is olive-brown in the center, to corn-yellow along the edge. A yellow soluble pigment is released into the medium.

On agar with malt extract (MEA), colonies are with white mycelium, velvety, with synnemes along the edges, with sparse sporulation in gray-green tones. Exudate and soluble pigment are not released. The reverse is brown, brown-yellow closer to the edge.

On agar with yeast extract and sucrose (YES), colonies with white mycelium, concentric-striated, non-spore-bearing. Soluble pigment is not released, the reverse of the colonies is olive-brown, up to gray-yellow along the edges.

Conidiophores are two-tiered tassels with a smooth-walled stem 15–50 μm long and 3–4 μm thick. Metules in the terminal whorl are 2–6, divergent, 8.5–15 μm long. Phialides are needle-shaped, 3–8 in a bundle, 9–15 × 2–3.5 μm. Conidia are ellipsoidal, smooth to barely rough, 3–4 × 1.5–3.5 μm.

See also

• List of Penicillium species

Further reading

• 10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80194-9. Independent origins of the synnematous Penicillium species, P. Duclauxii, P. Clavigerum, and P. Vulpinum, as assessed by two ribosomal DNA regions. Mycological Research. 98. 2. 250. 1994. Lobuglio . K. F. . Pitt . J. I. . Taylor . J. W. .
• 10.1055/s-0034-1382392. Antileukemic and cytoxic screening for some endophytic fungi isolated from Egyptian plants. Planta Medica. 80. 10. 2014. Metwaly . A. . Kadry . H. . El-Hela . A. . Khan . S. . Ross . S. .
• 10.1016/j.jscs.2010.09.004. Effect of certain chemical compounds on secondary metabolites of Penicillium janthinellum and P. Duclauxii. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society. 15. 3. 239. 2011. Zain . M. E. . El-Sheikh . H. H. . Soliman . H. G. . Khalil . A. M. . free .
• 10.1055/s-0033-1336495. Antimalarial Screening for Different Endophytic Fungi Isolated from two Egyptian Plants. Planta Medica. 79. 5. 2013. Metwaly . A. M. . Kadry . H. A. . El-Hela . A. A. . Mohammad . A. I. . Cutler . S. J. . Ross . S. A. .
• Book: R. Douglas Bailey . The Brewer's Analyst . Applewood Books . 2008 . 978-1429012003.
• Book: Frisvad . Chemical Fungal Taxonomy . CRC Press . 1998 . 0824700694.

Notes and References

1. https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/29842 UniProt
2. http://www.lgcstandards-atcc.org/products/all/28510.aspx?geo_country=de ATCC
3. 3917122. 1985. Kawai. K. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of xenoclauxin and desacetyl duclauxin from Penicillium duclauxii (Delacroix). Cell Biology and Toxicology. 1. 2. 1–10. Shiojiri. H. Nakamaru. T. Nozawa. Y. Sugie. S. Mori. H. Kato. T. Ogihara. Y . 10.1007/bf00717786. 13597279.
4. Book: Nina Gunde-Cimerman . Aharon Oren . Ana Plemenitaš . Adaptation to Life at High Salt Concentrations in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya . Springer Science & Business Media . 2006 . 1402036337.