Parliamentary constituencies in the West Midlands (region) explained

The region[1] of West Midlands is divided into 57 parliamentary constituencies which is made up of 28 borough constituencies and 29 county constituencies. Since the general election of July 2024, 38 are represented by Labour MPs,15 by Conservative MPs, 2 by Liberal Democrat MPs, and 1 by an independent MP.

Constituencies

See also: 2024 United Kingdom general election.

Constituency [2] Electorate[3] Majority[4] [5] Member of ParliamentNearest oppositionCountyConstituency map
Aldridge-Brownhills BC70,8674,231 Wendy Morton Luke Davies‡ West Midlands
71,7878,368 Preet GillAshvir Sangha†West Midlands
77,4637,019 Paulette HamiltonJack Brookes#West Midlands
75,7815,656 Tahir Ali Shakeel Afsar♠West Midlands
77,7371,566 Liam Byrne James Giles∞West Midlands
76,5853,421 Shabana Mahmood Akhmed YakoobWest Midlands
74,0485,389 Laurence Turner Gary SambrookWest Midlands
76,350507 Ayoub Khan Khalid MahmoodWest Midlands
75,67811,537 Alistair Carns Simon Phipps†West Midlands
73,203693 Jess Phillips Jody McIntyre∞West Midlands
76,4683,016 Bradley Thomas Neena GillWorcestershire
77,9922,266 Jacob Collier Kate KnivetonStaffordshire
76,9743,125 Josh Newbury Amanda MillingStaffordshire
75,80111,623 Mary Creagh Iddrisu Sufyan#West Midlands
75,05711,174 Taiwo Owatemi Tom Mercer†West Midlands
76,26210,201 Zarah Sultana Mattie Heaven†West Midlands
Droitwich and Evesham CC76,6248,995 Nigel Huddleston Chipiliro Kalebe-Nyamongo‡West Midlands
Dudley BC70,1511,900 Sonia Kumar Marco LonghiWest Midlands
Halesowen BC68,5494,364 Alex Ballinger James MorrisWest Midlands
72,2031,279Jesse NormanJoseph Emmet ‡Herefordshire
74,9236,574 Jeremy Wright Cat Price‡Warwickshire
71,6626,303 Mike Wood Sally Benton‡Staffordshire / West Midlands
76,118810 Dave Robertson Michael Fabricant†Staffordshire
73,6594,584 Saqib Bhatti Sarah Alan‡West Midlands
67,8395,069 Adam Jogee Simon Tagg†Staffordshire
72,7975,894Ellie ChownsBill WigginHerefordshire
77,57315,311Helen Morgan¤ Simon BaynesShropshire
69,7522,198 Rachel Taylor Craig TraceyWarwickshire
71,8433,479 Jodie Gosling Marcus JonesWarwickshire
71,038789Chris BloorRachel MacleanWorcestershire
74,9014,428 John Slinger Yousef Dahmash†Warwickshire
77,57311,355Julia Buckley Daniel KawczynskiShropshire
72,86311,188Gurinder Josan Pete Durnell#West Midlands
71,8134,620Neil Shastri-Hurst Deirdre Fox‡West Midlands
76,7231,624 Stuart AndersonMatthew Green¤Shropshire
70,6084,595 Leigh Ingham Theo ClarkeStaffordshire
69,8921,175 Karen Bradley Alistair Watson‡Staffordshire
73,6936,409 Gareth Snell Luke Shenton#Staffordshire
69,7905,082 David Williams Jonathan GullisStaffordshire
70,002627 Allison Gardner Jack BreretonStaffordshire
71,5705,466 Gavin Williamson Jaqueline Brown‡Staffordshire
68,3103,073 Cat Eccles Suzanne WebbWest Midlands
75,7257,122 Manuela Perteghella¤ Chris ClarksonWarwickshire
74,0802,543 Andrew Mitchell† Rob Pocock‡West Midlands
75,0591,382 Sarah Edwards Eddie HughesStaffordshire
73,8088,120Shaun DaviesAlan Adams#Shropshire
78,942883Mark PritchardRoh Yakobi‡Shropshire
Tipton and Wednesbury BC74,1003,385 Antonia Bance Shaun BaileyWest Midlands
Walsall and Bloxwich BC74,9514,914 Valerie Vaz Aftab Nawaz♠West Midlands
Warwick and Leamington CC76,29412,412 Matt Western James Uffindell†West Midlands
West Bromwich BC74,0269,554 Sarah Coombes Will Goodhand†West Midlands
West Worcestershire CC79,2426,547 Harriett Baldwin Dan Boatright ¤West Midlands
Wolverhampton North East BC70,7155,422 Sureena Brackenridge Jane StevensonWest Midlands
Wolverhampton South East BC77,4739,188 Pat McFadden Carl Hardwick#West Midlands
77,8517,868 Warinder Juss Mike Newton†West Midlands
Worcester BC74,9317,116 Tom Collins Mark Bayliss†Worcestershire
Wyre Forest CC77,394812Mark Garnier†Vicki Smith‡West Midlands

Proposed boundary changes

See 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies for further details.

Following the abandonment of the Sixth Periodic Review (the 2018 review), the Boundary Commission for England formally launched the 2023 Review on 5 January 2021. The Commission calculated that the number of seats to be allocated to the West Midlands region would be reduced by 2, from 59 to 57.[6] Initial proposals were published on 8 June 2021 and, following two periods of public consultation, revised proposals were published on 8 November 2022. The final proposals were published on 28 June 2023.

Under the proposals, the following constituencies for the region came into effect at the 2024 general election:[7]

ConstituencyElectorateCeremonial countyLocal authority
73,122West MidlandsWalsall
71,354West MidlandsBirmingham
76,856West MidlandsBirmingham
75,781West MidlandsBirmingham
76,922West MidlandsBirmingham / Solihull
76,585West MidlandsBirmingham
73,483West MidlandsBirmingham
74,048West MidlandsBirmingham
76,285West MidlandsBirmingham
71,912West MidlandsBirmingham
75,305WorcestershireBromsgrove
75,460StaffordshireEast Staffordshire
75,582StaffordshireCannock Chase
73,389West MidlandsCoventry
73,431West MidlandsCoventry
70,998West MidlandsCoventry
74,345WorcestershireWychavon
71,083West MidlandsDudley
69,907West MidlandsDudley / Sandwell
71,125HerefordshireHerefordshire
71,541WarwickshireRugby / Stratford-on-Avon / Warwick
71,896Staffordshire / West MidlandsDudley / South Staffordshire
74,942StaffordshireEast Staffordshire / Lichfield
74,211West MidlandsSolihull
70,025StaffordshireNewcastle-under-Lyme
70,894HerefordshireHerefordshire
77,052ShropshireShropshire
70,245WarwickshireNorth Warwickshire / Nuneaton and Bedworth
70,335WarwickshireNorth Warwickshire / Nuneaton and Bedworth
69,921WorcestershireRedditch / Wychavon
72,603WarwickshireNuneaton and Bedworth / Rugby
75,139ShropshireShropshire
71,195West MidlandsSandwell
70,537West MidlandsSolihull
77,034ShropshireShropshire
70,537StaffordshireNewcastle-under-Lyme / Stafford
70,113StaffordshireStaffordshire Moorlands
70,550StaffordshireStoke-on-Trent
69,821StaffordshireNewcastle-under-Lyme / Stoke-on-Trent
69,831StaffordshireStafford / Staffordshire Moorlands / Stoke-on-Trent
70,701StaffordshireSouth Staffordshire / Stafford
69,840West MidlandsDudley
72,388WarwickshireStratford-on-Avon
74,584West MidlandsBirmingham
73,644StaffordshireLichfield / Tamworth
70,768ShropshireTelford and Wrekin
76,143ShropshireShropshire / Telford and Wrekin
73,820West MidlandsDudley / Sandwell
74,886West MidlandsWalsall
75,440WarwickshireWarwick
72,208West MidlandsSandwell
76,638WorcestershireMalvern Hills / Wychavon
70,449West MidlandsWalsall / Wolverhampton
75,685West MidlandsWalsall / Wolverhampton
75,592West MidlandsWolverhampton
73,928WorcestershireWorcester
77,015WorcestershireWyre Forest

Historical Representation by Party

A cell marked → (with a different colour background to the preceding cell) indicates that the previous MP continued to sit under a new party name.

1885 to 1918

Warwickshire

!Constituency!1885!1886!87!88!89!90!91!1892!93!94!1895!96!97!98!99!1900!01!02!03!04!05!1906!07!08!09!1910 (jan)!1910 (dec)!11!12!13!14!15!16!17
NuneatonJasper JohnsJohn DugdaleFrancis NewdegateWilliam Johnson
RugbyHenry Peyton CobbRichard VerneyCorrie GrantJohn Baird
Stratford-upon-AvonWilliam ComptonFrederick TownsendAlgernon Freeman-MitfordVictor MilwardPhilip FosterThomas Kincaid-SmithPhilip Foster
Warwick and LeamingtonArthur PeelAlfred LytteltonThomas BerridgeErnest Pollock

Herefordshire and Worcestershire

!Constituency!1885!1886!87!88!89!90!91!1892!93!94!1895!96!97!98!99!1900!01!02!03!04!05!1906!07!08!09!1910 (jan)!1910 (dec)!11!12!13!14!15!16!17
BewdleyEdmund LechmereAlfred BaldwinStanley Baldwin
DroitwichJohn CorbettRichard MartinCecil HarmsworthJohn Lyttelton
East WorcestershireGeorge HastingsAusten Chamberlain
EveshamRichard TempleEdmund LechmereCharles LongBolton Eyres-Monsell
HerefordJoseph PulleyJoseph BaileyWilliam GrenfellCharles CookeJohn Arkwright
KidderminsterJohn BrintonAugustus GodsonEdmund BarnardEric Knight
LeominsterThomas DuckhamJames RankinEdmund LambJames Rankin
RossMichael BiddulphPercy CliveAlan Coulston GardnerPercy Clive
WorcesterGeorge AllsoppGeorge Henry WilliamsonEdward Goulding

Staffordshire

!Constituency!1885!1886!87!88!89!90!91!1892!93!94!1895!96!97!98!99!1900!01!02!03!04!05!1906!07!08!09!1910 (jan)!1910 (dec)!11!12!13!14!15!16!17
BurtonMichael BassSydney EvershedRobert Ratcliff
HanleyWilliam WoodallArthur HeathEnoch Edwards
LeekCharles CromptonHarry DavenportHenry FulfordRobert PearceArthur HeathRobert Pearce
LichfieldJohn SwinburneLeonard DarwinHenry FulfordCourtenay Warner
Newcastle-under-LymeWilliam Shepherd AllenDouglas CoghillWilliam AllenAlfred Seale HaslamJosiah Wedgwood
StaffordCharles McLarenThomas SaltCharles ShawWalter Essex
Staffordshire North WestGeorge Leveson-GowerJustinian Edwards-HeathcoteJames HeathAlfred BillsonAlbert Stanley
Staffordshire WestHamar BassAlexander HendersonHenry McLarenGeorge Lloyd
Stoke on TrentWilliam Leatham BrightGeorge Leveson-GowerDouglas CoghillJohn Ward

Shropshire

!Constituency!1885!1886!87!88!89!90!91!1892!93!94!1895!96!97!98!99!1900!01!02!03!04!05!1906!07!08!09!1910 (jan)!1910 (dec)!11!12!13!14!15!16!17
LudlowJasper MoreRowland Hunt
NewportRobert BickerstethWilliam Kenyon-SlaneyBeville Stanier
OswestryStanley LeightonGeorge Ormsby-GoreAllan Heywood BrightWilliam Bridgeman
ShrewsburyArthur PeelHenry David GreeneClement Lloyd Hill
WellingtonAlexander BrownCharles Henry

Birmingham

!Constituency!1885!1886!87!88!89!90!91!1892!93!94!1895!96!97!98!99!1900!01!02!03!04!05!1906!07!08!09!1910 (jan)!1910 (dec)!11!12!13!14!15!16!17
Aston ManorHugh ReidGeorge KynochRobert RatcliffEvelyn Cecil
Birmingham BordesleyHenry BroadhurstJesse Collings
Birmingham CentralJohn BrightJohn Albert BrightEbenezer Parkes
Birmingham EastWilliam CookHenry MatthewsJohn Benjamin StoneArthur Steel-Maitland
Birmingham EdgbastonGeorge DixonFrancis Lowe
Birmingham NorthWilliam KenrickJohn Middlemore
Birmingham SouthJoseph Powell WilliamsViscount MorpethLeo Amery
Birmingham WestJoseph ChamberlainAusten Chamberlain
HandsworthHenry WigginHenry Meysey-ThompsonErnest Meysey-Thompson

Dudley

!Constituency!1885!1886!87!88!89!90!91!1892!93!94!1895!96!97!98!99!1900!01!02!03!04!05!1906!07!08!09!1910 (jan)!1910 (dec)!11!12!13!14!15!16!17
DudleyHenry Brinsley SheridanBrooke RobinsonArthur George HooperArthur Griffith-Boscawen
KingswinfordAlexander Staveley HillWilliam George WebbHenry Staveley-Hill
Worcestershire NorthBenjamin HingleyJohn William Wilson

Sutton Coldfield, Solihull, and Coventry

!Constituency!1885!1886!87!88!89!90!91!1892!93!94!1895!96!97!98!99!1900!01!02!03!04!05!1906!07!08!09!1910 (jan)!1910 (dec)!11!12!13!14!15!16!17
CoventryHenry EatonWilliam BallantineCharles James MurrayA. E. W. MasonKenneth Foster (politician)David Marshall Mason
TamworthHenry Brinsley SheridanBrooke RobinsonArthur George HooperArthur Griffith-Boscawen

1918 to 1950

Warwickshire

!Constituency!1918!19!20!21!1922!1923!1924!25!26!27!28!1929!30!1931!32!33!34!1935!36!37!38!39!40!41!42!43!44!45!46!47!48!49
NuneatonHenry MaddocksHerbert WillisonArthur HopeFrank SmithEdward NorthReginald FletcherFrank Bowles
RugbyJohn BairdEuan WallaceErnest BrownDavid MargessonWilliam Brown
Warwick and LeamingtonErnest PollockSir Anthony Eden

Herefordshire and Worcestershire

!Constituency!1918!19!20!21!1922!1923!1924!25!26!27!28!1929!30!1931!32!33!34!1935!36!37!38!39!40!41!42!43!44!45!46!47!48!49
BewdleyStanley BaldwinRoger Conant
EveshamBolton Eyres-MonsellRupert De la Bère
HerefordCharles PulleySamuel RobertsFrank OwenJames Thomas
KidderminsterEric KnightJohn Wardlaw-MilneLouis Tolley
LeominsterCharles Ward-JacksonErnest SheppersonArcher Baldwin
WorcesterEdward GouldingRichard Robert FairbairnCrawford GreeneGeorge Ward

Staffordshire

!Constituency!1918!19!20!21!1922!1923!1924!25!26!27!28!1929!30!1931!32!33!34!1935!36!37!38!39!40!41!42!43!44!45!46!47!48!49
BurtonJohn Gretton, 1st Baron GrettonJohn Gretton, 2st Baron GrettonArthur W. Lyne
CannockJames ParkerWilliam AdamsonSarah WardWilliam AdamsonJennie Lee
LeekWilliam BromfieldArthur RatcliffeWilliam BromfieldHarold Davies
LichfieldCourtenay WarnerFrank HodgesRoy WilsonJames Lovat-FraserCecil Poole
Newcastle-under-LymeJosiah WedgwoodJohn Mack
StaffordWilliam Ormsby-GorePeter ThorneycroftStephen Swingler
StoneSir Smith ChildJoseph LambHugh Fraser
Stoke on Trent BurslemSamuel FinneyAndrew MacLarenWilliam Edward RobinsonAndrew MacLarenWilliam AllenAndrew MacLarenAlbert Davies
Stoke on Trent HanleyJames SeddonMyles Harper ParkerSamuel ClowesArthur HollinsHarold HalesArthur HollinsBarnett Stross
Stoke on Trent StokeJohn WardLady MosleyIda CopelandEllis Smith

Shropshire

!Constituency!1918!19!20!21!1922!1923!1924!25!26!27!28!1929!30!1931!32!33!34!1935!36!37!38!39!40!41!42!43!44!45!46!47!48!49
LudlowBeville StanierIvor Windsor-CliveGeorge Windsor-CliveUvedale Corbett
OswestryWilliam Clive BridgemanBertie LeightonOliver Poole
ShrewsburyGeorge Butler LloydDudley RyderJoseph SunlightDudley RyderArthur DuckworthJohn Langford-Holt
The WrekinCharles Solomon HenryCharles PalmerC. V. F. TownshendHoward ButtonHenry NixonThomas OakleyEdith Picton-TurbervillJames Baldwin-WebbArthur ColegateIvor Owen Thomas

Birmingham

!Constituency!1918!19!20!21!1922!1923!1924!25!26!27!28!1929!30!1931!32!33!34!1935!36!37!38!39!40!41!42!43!44!1945!46!47!48!49
Birmingham AstonEvelyn CecilJohn StracheySir Arthur HopeEdward Orlando KellettRedvers PriorWoodrow Wyatt
Birmingham DeritendJohn William DennisSmedley CrookeFred LongdenSmedley CrookeFred Longden
Birmingham DuddestonEldred HallasErnest HileyJohn BurmanGeorge Francis SawyerOliver SimmondsEdith Wills
Birmingham EdgbastonFrancis LoweNeville ChamberlainPeter Bennett
Birmingham ErdingtonArthur Steel-MaitlandCharles SimmonsJohn EalesJohn Cecil-WrightJulius Silverman
Birmingham HandsworthErnest Meysey-ThompsonOliver Locker-LampsonHarold Roberts
Birmingham King's NortonHerbert AustinRobert DennisonLionel Beaumont-ThomasRonald CartlandJohn PetoRaymond Blackburn
Birmingham LadywoodNeville ChamberlainWilfrid WhiteleyGeoffrey William LloydVictor Yates
Birmingham MoseleyHallewell RogersPatrick Hannon
Birmingham SparkbrookLeo AmeryPercy Shurmer
Birmingham WestAusten ChamberlainWalter HiggsCharles Simmons
Birmingham YardleyAlfred JephcottArchibald GosslingEdward SaltWesley Perrins

Dudley

!Constituency!1918!19!20!21!1922!1923!1924!25!26!27!28!1929!30!1931!32!33!34!1935!36!37!38!39!40!41!42!43!44!45!46!47!48!49
DudleyArthur Griffith-BoscawenJames WilsonCyril LloydOliver BaldwinDudley JoelCyril LloydGeorge Wigg
KingswinfordCharles SitchAlan ToddArthur Henderson
StourbridgeJohn William WilsonDouglas PielouWilfred WellockRobert MorganArthur Moyle

Sutton Coldfield, Solihull, and Coventry

!Constituency!1918!19!20!21!1922!1923!1924!25!26!27!28!1929!30!1931!32!33!34!1935!36!37!38!39!40!41!42!43!44!45!46!47!48!49
CoventryEdward ManvilleA. A. PurcellArchibald Boyd-CarpenterPhilip Noel-BakerWilliam Strickland" colspan="5"
Coventry East" colspan="27" Richard Crossman
Coventry West" colspan="27" Maurice Edelman
Solihull" colspan="27" Martin Alexander Lindsay
Sutton Coldfield" colspan="27" John Serocold Paget Mellor
TamworthHenry Wilson-FoxPercy NewsonEdward Mauger IliffeArthur Steel-MaitlandJohn Serocold Paget Mellor" colspan="5"

1950–73

Warwickshire

!Constituency!1950!51!52!53!54!1955!56!57!58!1959!60!61!62!63!1964!65!1966!67!68!69!1970!71!72!73
NuneatonFrank BowlesFrank CousinsLes Huckfield
RugbyJames JohnsonRoy WiseWilliam Price
StratfordJohn ProfumoAngus Maude
Warwick and LeamingtonAnthony EdenJohn HobsonDudley Smith

Herefordshire and Worcestershire

!Constituency!1950!51!52!53!54!1955!56!57!58!1959!60!61!62!63!1964!65!1966!67!68!69!1970!71!72!73
BromsgroveMichael HiggsJames DanceTerry Davis
HerefordJames Purdon Lewes ThomasDavid Gibson-Watt
KidderminsterGerald NabarroTatton Brinton
LeominsterArcher BaldwinClive Bossom
WorcesterGeorge WardPeter Walker
Worcestershire SouthRupert De la BèrePeter AgnewGerald Nabarro

Staffordshire

!Constituency!1950!51!52!53!54!1955!56!57!58!1959!60!61!62!63!1964!65!1966!67!68!69!1970!71!72!73
BurtonArthur ColegateJohn Jennings
CannockJennie Lee AshridgePatrick Cormack
LeekHarold DaviesDavid Knox
Lichfield & TamworthJulian SnowJack d'Avigdor-Goldsmid
Newcastle-under-LymeJohn David MackStephen SwinglerJohn Golding (British politician)
Stafford & StoneHugh Fraser
Stoke on Trent CentralBarnett StrossRobert Cant
Stoke on Trent NorthAlbert Edward DaviesHarriet SlaterJohn Stuart Forrester
Stoke on Trent SouthEllis SmithJack Ashley

Shropshire

!Constituency!1950!51!52!53!54!1955!56!57!58!1959!60!61!62!63!1964!65!1966!67!68!69!1970!71!72!73
LudlowUvedale Shobdon CorbettChristopher Holland-MartinJasper More
OswestryDavid Ormsby-GoreJohn Biffen
ShrewsburyJohn Langford-Holt
The WrekinIvor Owen ThomasWilliam YatesGerry FowlerAnthony Trafford

Birmingham

!Constituency!1950!51!52!53!54!1955!56!57!58!1959!60!61!62!63!1964!65!1966!67!68!69!1970!71!72!73
Birmingham All Saints" colspan="5" Denis HowellJohn Harold HollingworthBrian Walden
Birmingham AstonWoodrow WyattJulius Silverman
Birmingham EdgbastonSir Peter BennettEdith PittJill Knight
Birmingham ErdingtonJulius Silverman" colspan="19"
Birmingham Hall GreenAubrey JonesReginald Eyre
Birmingham HandsworthEdward BoyleSydney Brooks Chapman
Birmingham Kings NortonGeoffrey Lloyd" colspan="19"
Birmingham LadywoodVictor YatesWallace LawlerDoris Fisher
Birmingham NorthfieldRaymond BlackburnDonald ChapmanRaymond John Carter
Birmingham Perry BarCecil Charles PooleCharles HowellWyndham DaviesChristopher PriceJoseph Kinsey
Birmingham Selly Oak" colspan="5" Henry MatthewsJohn Benjamin StoneArthur Steel-Maitland
Birmingham Small HeathGeorge DixonFrancis Lowe
Birmingham SparkbrookWilliam KenrickJohn Middlemore
Birmingham StechfordJoseph Powell WilliamsViscount MorpethLeo Amery
Birmingham YardleyHenry WigginHenry Meysey-ThompsonErnest Meysey-Thompson

Dudley

!Constituency!1950!51!52!53!54!1955!56!57!58!1959!60!61!62!63!1964!65!1966!67!68!69!1970!71!72!73
DudleyHenry Brinsley SheridanBrooke RobinsonArthur George HooperArthur Griffith-Boscawen
KingswinfordAlexander Staveley HillWilliam George WebbHenry Staveley-Hill
Worcestershire NorthBenjamin HingleyJohn William Wilson

Sutton Coldfield, Solihull, and Coventry

!Constituency!1950!51!52!53!54!1955!56!57!58!1959!60!61!62!63!1964!65!1966!67!68!69!1970!71!72!73
CoventryHenry EatonWilliam BallantineCharles James MurrayA. E. W. MasonKenneth Foster (politician)David Marshall Mason
TamworthHenry Brinsley SheridanBrooke RobinsonArthur George HooperArthur Griffith-Boscawen

2024 results

The number of votes cast for each political party who fielded candidates in constituencies comprising the West Midlands region in the 2024 general election were as follows:[8]

PartyVotes%Change
from 2019
SeatsChange from
2019 (actual)
Change from
2019 (notional)
Labour824,43334.0 0.138 23 24
Conservative669,36827.6 25.815 29 28
Reform UK439,27818.1 16.70 0 0
Liberal Democrats214,4938.8 0.92 2 2
Green159,1406.5 3.51 1 1
Others119,1455.0 4.61 1 1
Total2,425,857100.057 2

Results history

Primary data source: House of Commons research briefing – General election results from 1918 to 2019

Percentage votes

Key:

Seats

Key:

See also

Notes and References

  1. See NUTS 1 statistical regions of England
  2. BC denotes borough constituency, CC denotes county constituency.
  3. Web site: Baker. Carl. Pollock. Louie. Cracknell. Richard. 26 July 2024. General election 2024 results. en-GB. 20 September 2024.
  4. Web site: UK Election 2024 A-Z. BBC News. en-GB. 20 September 2024.
  5. The majority is the number of votes the winning candidate receives more than their nearest rival.
  6. Web site: 2023 Review. Boundary Commission for England. 8 January 2021. en-GB.
  7. Web site: The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume two: Constituency names, designations and composition – West Midlands . 11 July 2023 . Boundary Commission for England.
  8. Web site: 26 July 2024 . General election 2024 results . 1 August 2024 . House of Commons Library.