PPP1CB explained

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP1CB gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene is one of the three catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). PP1 is a serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase known to be involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes, such as cell division, glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility, protein synthesis, and HIV-1 viral transcription. Mouse studies suggest that PP1 functions as a suppressor of learning and memory. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed.^[2]

Interactions

PPP1CB has been shown to interact with PPP1R15A,^{[3] [4]} Nucleolin,^[5] SMARCB1^[3] and PPP1R9B.^[6]

Further reading

• Prochazka M, Mochizuki H, Baier LJ, etal . Molecular and linkage analysis of type-1 protein phosphatase catalytic beta-subunit gene: lack of evidence for its major role in insulin resistance in Pima Indians . Diabetologia . 38 . 4 . 461–6 . 1995 . 7796987 . 10.1007/BF00410284 . free .
• Saadat M, Kakinoki Y, Mizuno Y, etal . Chromosomal localization of human, rat, and mouse protein phosphatase type 1 beta catalytic subunit genes (PPP1CB) by fluorescence in situ hybridization . Jpn. J. Genet. . 69 . 6 . 697–700 . 1995 . 7857673 . 10.1266/jjg.69.697 . free .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Kawabe T, Muslin AJ, Korsmeyer SJ . HOX11 interacts with protein phosphatases PP2A and PP1 and disrupts a G2/M cell-cycle checkpoint . Nature . 385 . 6615 . 454–8 . 1997 . 9009195 . 10.1038/385454a0 . 1997Natur.385..454K . 608633 .
• Fujioka M, Takahashi N, Odai H, etal . A new isoform of human myosin phosphatase targeting/regulatory subunit (MYPT2): cDNA cloning, tissue expression, and chromosomal mapping . Genomics . 49 . 1 . 59–68 . 1998 . 9570949 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5222 .
• Verin AD, Csortos C, Durbin SD, etal . Characterization of the protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit in endothelium: involvement in contractile responses . J. Cell. Biochem. . 79 . 1 . 113–25 . 2000 . 10906760 . 10.1002/1097-4644(2000)79:1<113::AID-JCB110>3.0.CO;2-9 . 42857803 .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination . Genome Res. . 10 . 11 . 1788–95 . 2001 . 11076863 . 10.1101/gr.143000 . 310948 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, etal . Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs . Genome Res. . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . 2001 . 11230166 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R . 311072 .
• Tan I, Ng CH, Lim L, Leung T . Phosphorylation of a novel myosin binding subunit of protein phosphatase 1 reveals a conserved mechanism in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 24 . 21209–16 . 2001 . 11399775 . 10.1074/jbc.M102615200 . free .
• Fresu M, Bianchi M, Parsons JT, Villa-Moruzzi E . Cell-cycle-dependent association of protein phosphatase 1 and focal adhesion kinase . Biochem. J. . 358 . Pt 2 . 407–14 . 2001 . 11513739 . 10.1042/0264-6021:3580407 . 1222073 .
• Andersen JS, Lyon CE, Fox AH, etal . Directed proteomic analysis of the human nucleolus . Curr. Biol. . 12 . 1 . 1–11 . 2002 . 11790298 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00650-9 . 14132033 . free . 2002CBio...12....1A .
• Bharucha DC, Zhou M, Nekhai S, etal . A protein phosphatase from human T cells augments tat transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long-terminal repeat . Virology . 296 . 1 . 6–16 . 2002 . 12036313 . 10.1006/viro.2002.1438 . free .
• Ceulemans H, Vulsteke V, De Maeyer M, etal . Binding of the concave surface of the Sds22 superhelix to the alpha 4/alpha 5/alpha 6-triangle of protein phosphatase-1 . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 49 . 47331–7 . 2003 . 12226088 . 10.1074/jbc.M206838200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, etal . Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides . Nat. Biotechnol. . 21 . 5 . 566–9 . 2004 . 12665801 . 10.1038/nbt810 . 23783563 .
• Galey D, Becker K, Haughey N, etal . Differential transcriptional regulation by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and gp120 in human astrocytes . J. Neurovirol. . 9 . 3 . 358–71 . 2003 . 12775419 . 10.1080/13550280390201119 . 22016092 .
• Ammosova T, Jerebtsova M, Beullens M, etal . Nuclear protein phosphatase-1 regulates HIV-1 transcription . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 34 . 32189–94 . 2003 . 12788939 . 10.1074/jbc.M300521200 . free .
• Llorian M, Beullens M, Andrés I, etal . SIPP1, a novel pre-mRNA splicing factor and interactor of protein phosphatase-1 . Biochem. J. . 378 . Pt 1 . 229–38 . 2004 . 14640981 . 10.1042/BJ20030950 . 1223944 .
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, etal . A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway . Nat. Cell Biol. . 6 . 2 . 97–105 . 2004 . 14743216 . 10.1038/ncb1086 . 11683986 .

Notes and References

1. Barker HM, Brewis ND, Street AJ, Spurr NK, Cohen PT . Three genes for protein phosphatase 1 map to different human chromosomes: sequence, expression and gene localisation of protein serine/threonine phosphatase 1 beta (PPP1CB) . Biochim Biophys Acta . 1220 . 2 . 212–8 . March 1994. 8312365 . 10.1016/0167-4889(94)90138-4 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PPP1CB protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, beta isoform.
3. Wu . Daniel Y . Tkachuck Douglas C . Roberson Rachel S . Schubach William H . August 2002. The human SNF5/INI1 protein facilitates the function of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34) and modulates GADD34-bound protein phosphatase-1 activity . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 31 . 27706–15 . 0021-9258. 12016208 . 10.1074/jbc.M200955200 . free .
4. Connor . J H . Weiser D C . Li S . Hallenbeck J M . Shenolikar S . October 2001. Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34 assembles a novel signaling complex containing protein phosphatase 1 and inhibitor 1 . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 21 . 20 . 6841–50 . 0270-7306. 11564868 . 10.1128/MCB.21.20.6841-6850.2001 . 99861 .
5. Morimoto . Hiroyuki . Okamura Hirohiko . Haneji Tatsuji . September 2002. Interaction of protein phosphatase 1 delta with nucleolin in human osteoblastic cells . J. Histochem. Cytochem. . 50 . 9 . 1187–93 . 0022-1554. 12185196 . 10.1177/002215540205000905 . free .
6. Hsieh-Wilson . L C . Allen P B . Watanabe T . Nairn A C . Greengard P . April 1999. Characterization of the neuronal targeting protein spinophilin and its interactions with protein phosphatase-1 . Biochemistry . 38 . 14 . 4365–73 . 0006-2960. 10194355 . 10.1021/bi982900m .