PPP3CC explained

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform (PP2BC) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP3CC gene.^{[1] [2]}

Calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, calcineurin, is involved in a wide range of biologic activities, acting as a Ca(2+)-dependent modifier of phosphorylation status.

In testis, the motility of the sperm is thought to be controlled by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation and a unique form of calcineurin appears to be associated with the flagellum. The calcineurin holoenzyme is composed of catalytic and regulatory subunits of 60 and 18 kD, respectively.

At least 3 genes, calcineurin A-alpha (CALNA1; MIM 114105), calcineurin A-beta (CALNA2; MIM 114106), and calcineurin A-gamma (CALNA3), have been cloned for the catalytic subunit. These genes have been identified in humans, mice, and rats, and are highly conserved between species (90 to 95% amino acid identity).[supplied by OMIM]

Further reading

• Esau C . Deletion of Calcineurin and Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (MEF2) Binding Domain of Cabin1 Results in Enhanced Cytokine Gene Expression in T Cells . J. Exp. Med. . 194 . 10 . 1449–59 . 2001 . 11714752 . 10.1084/jem.194.10.1449 . 2193671 . Boes M . Youn HD . Tatterson . L . Liu . JO . Chen . J .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . Feingold EA . Grouse LH . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Bennasser Y, Badou A, Tkaczuk J, Bahraoui E . Signaling pathways triggered by HIV-1 Tat in human monocytes to induce TNF-alpha . Virology . 303 . 1 . 174–80 . 2003 . 12482669 . 10.1006/viro.2002.1676 . free .
• Gerber DJ . Evidence for association of schizophrenia with genetic variation in the 8p21.3 gene, PPP3CC, encoding the calcineurin gamma subunit . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 100 . 15 . 8993–8 . 2003 . 12851458 . 10.1073/pnas.1432927100 . 166426 . Hall D . Miyakawa T . Demars . S . Gogos . JA . Karayiorgou . M . Tonegawa . S . free . 2003PNAS..100.8993G .
• Ota T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . Suzuki Y . Nishikawa T . Otsuki . Tetsuji . Sugiyama . Tomoyasu . Irie . Ryotaro . Wakamatsu . Ai . Hayashi . Koji . Sato . Hiroyuki . free .
• Barrios-Rodiles M . High-throughput mapping of a dynamic signaling network in mammalian cells . Science . 307 . 5715 . 1621–5 . 2005 . 15761153 . 10.1126/science.1105776 . Brown KR . Ozdamar B . Bose . R . Liu . Z . Donovan . RS . Shinjo . F . Liu . Y . Dembowy . J . 2005Sci...307.1621B . 39457788 .
• Eastwood SL, Burnet PW, Harrison PJ . Decreased hippocampal expression of the susceptibility gene PPP3CC and other calcineurin subunits in schizophrenia . Biol. Psychiatry . 57 . 7 . 702–10 . 2005 . 15820226 . 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.029 . 39744063 .
• Kinoshita Y . No association with the calcineurin A gamma subunit gene (PPP3CC) haplotype to Japanese schizophrenia . Journal of Neural Transmission . 112 . 9 . 1255–62 . 2006 . 15843870 . 10.1007/s00702-004-0261-5 . Suzuki T . Ikeda M . Kitajima . T. . Yamanouchi . Y. . Inada . T. . Yoneda . H. . Iwata . N. . Ozaki . N. . 143604 .
• Liu YL . More evidence supports the association of PPP3CC with schizophrenia . Mol. Psychiatry . 12 . 10 . 966–74 . 2008 . 17339875 . 10.1038/sj.mp.4001977 . Fann CS . Liu CM . Chang . C C . Yang . W C . Hung . S I . Yu . S L . Hwang . T J . Hsieh . M H . free .
• Horiuchi Y . Support for association of the PPP3CC gene with schizophrenia . Mol. Psychiatry . 12 . 10 . 891–3 . 2008 . 17895921 . 10.1038/sj.mp.4002019 . Ishiguro H . Koga M . Inada . T . Iwata . N . Ozaki . N . Ujike . H . Muratake . T . Someya . T . free .

Notes and References

1. Muramatsu T, Kincaid RL . Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of the human gene for the testis-specific catalytic subunit of calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (calcineurin A) . Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 188 . 1 . 265–71 . Nov 1992 . 1339277 . 10.1016/0006-291X(92)92379-C .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PPP3CC protein phosphatase 3 (formerly 2B), catalytic subunit, gamma isoform.