PLXNA2 explained

Plexin-A2 is a protein that in humans is coded by the PLXNA2 gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes a member of the plexin-A family of semaphorin co-receptors. Semaphorins are a large family of secreted or membrane-bound proteins that mediate repulsive effects on axon pathfinding during nervous system development. A subset of semaphorins are recognized by plexin-A/neuropilin transmembrane receptor complexes, triggering a cellular signal transduction cascade that leads to axon repulsion. This plexin-A family member is thought to transduce signals from semaphorin-3A and -3C.

In some studies, the PLXNA2 gene is associated with schizophrenia.^[3] and anxiety. PLXNA2 is a candidate gene for intellectual disability and possibly facial dysmorphism and congenital heart disease^{[4] [5]}

Further reading

• Negishi M, Oinuma I, Katoh H . Plexins: axon guidance and signal transduction . Cell. Mol. Life Sci. . 62 . 12 . 1363–71 . 2005 . 15818466 . 10.1007/s00018-005-5018-2 . 32299864 . 11139078 .
• Seki N, Ohira M, Nagase T, etal . Characterization of cDNA clones in size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain . DNA Res. . 4 . 5 . 345–9 . 1998 . 9455484 . 10.1093/dnares/4.5.345 . free .
• Tamagnone L, Artigiani S, Chen H, etal . Plexins are a large family of receptors for transmembrane, secreted, and GPI-anchored semaphorins in vertebrates . Cell . 99 . 1 . 71–80 . 1999 . 10520995 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80063-X . 17386412 . free .
• Nakayama M, Kikuno R, Ohara O . Protein–Protein Interactions Between Large Proteins: Two-Hybrid Screening Using a Functionally Classified Library Composed of Long cDNAs . Genome Res. . 12 . 11 . 1773–84 . 2003 . 12421765 . 10.1101/gr.406902 . 187542 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, etal . The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment . Genome Res. . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . 2003 . 12975309 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 . 403697 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: Large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .
• Mah S, Nelson MR, Delisi LE, etal . Identification of the semaphorin receptor PLXNA2 as a candidate for susceptibility to schizophrenia . Mol. Psychiatry . 11 . 5 . 471–8 . 2006 . 16402134 . 10.1038/sj.mp.4001785 . free .
• Fujii T, Iijima Y, Kondo H, etal . Failure to confirm an association between the PLXNA2 gene and schizophrenia in a Japanese population . Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry . 31 . 4 . 873–7 . 2007 . 17346868 . 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.01.027 . 46003583 .

Notes and References

1. Maestrini E, Tamagnone L, Longati P, Cremona O, Gulisano M, Bione S, Tamanini F, Neel BG, Toniolo D, Comoglio PM . A family of transmembrane proteins with homology to the MET-hepatocyte growth factor receptor . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA . 93 . 2 . 674–8 . Mar 1996 . 8570614 . 40111 . 10.1073/pnas.93.2.674 . 1996PNAS...93..674M . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PLXNA2 plexin A2.
3. Web site: Gene Overview of All Published Schizophrenia-Association Studies for PLXNA2 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090221130511/http://schizophreniaforum.org/res/sczgene/geneoverview.asp?geneid=259 . 21 February 2009 . .
4. Altuame FD, Shamseldin HE, Albatti TH, Hashem M, Ewida N, Abdulwahab F, Alkuraya FS . PLXNA2 as a candidate gene in patients with intellectual disability . American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A . July 2021 . 185 . 12 . 3859–3865 . 34327814 . 10.1002/ajmg.a.62440 . 236516392 .
5. Wray NR, James MR, Mah SP, Nelson M, Andrews G, Sullivan PF, Montgomery GW, Birley AJ, Braun A, Martin NG . 6 . Anxiety and comorbid measures associated with PLXNA2 . Archives of General Psychiatry . 64 . 3 . 318–26 . March 2007 . 17339520 . 10.1001/archpsyc.64.3.318 . free .