| Izu Ōshima | |
| Native Name: | 伊豆大島 |
| Location: | Izu Islands |
| Pushpin Map: | Japan#Japan Kanto |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | |
| Coordinates: | 34.7386°N 139.3994°W |
| Area Km2: | 91.06 |
| Coastline Km: | 52 |
| Elevation M: | 764 |
| Country Admin Divisions Title: | Prefecture |
| Country Admin Divisions: | Tokyo |
| Country Admin Divisions Title 1: | Subprefecture |
| Country Admin Divisions 1: | Ōshima Subprefecture |
| Country Admin Divisions Title 2: | Town |
| Country Admin Divisions 2: | Ōshima |
| Population: | 8,179 |
| Population As Of: | October 2015 |
| Density Km2: | 89.81 |
| Ethnic Groups: | Japanese |
is an inhabited volcanic island in the Izu archipelago in the Philippine Sea, off the coast of Honshu, Japan, 22km (14miles) east of the Izu Peninsula and 36km (22miles) southwest of Bōsō Peninsula.[1] As with the other islands in the Izu Island group, Izu Ōshima forms part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. [2] Izu Ōshima, at 91.06km2 is the largest and closest of Tokyo's outlying islands, which also include the Ogasawara Islands.
The island is a stratovolcano with a basaltic composite cone, dating from the late Pleistocene period, between 10,000 and 15,000 years ago. It rises from an ocean floor with a depth of between 300and. The island has a roughly circular coastline of approximately 52km (32miles) in length. The highest elevation,, is an active volcano with a height of 758m (2,487feet). The mountain has been recorded to have erupted numerous times through history and is mentioned as far back as Nara period written records.
Major eruptions occurred in 1965 and 1986, each forcing a temporary evacuation of the inhabitants. The last recorded eruption was in 1990.
The island has been recognised as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports populations of Japanese wood pigeons, Ijima's leaf-warblers, Izu thrushes and Pleske's grasshopper warblers.[3]
Izu Ōshima has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with warm summers and cool winters. Precipitation is abundant throughout the year, but is somewhat lower in winter than the rest of the year.
The island is administered by the Ōshima subprefecture of the Tokyo Metropolitan government. serves as the local government of the island.
Ōshima Town consists of the six traditional hamlets of Okata (岡田), Motomachi (元町), Senzu, Nomashi, Sashikiji and Habuminato (波浮港), with Motomachi as the administrative center.
Izu Ōshima is a popular site for tourists[4] from both Tokyo and Shizuoka due to its close proximity to the mainland. There are a number of ferries which leave from Takeshiba Sanbashi Pier, near Hamamatsuchō, Tokyo to Motomachi Port. Ferries also leave from Atami in Shizuoka to Motomachi Port. Both lanes are operated by Tōkai Kisen
There are several flights per day from Ōshima Airport to Chōfu Airport in Chōfu.
Mount Mihara and Izu Ōshima featured prominently in The Return of Godzilla, as the location in which the JSDF successfully trapped Godzilla after luring him to the crater, whereupon charges were detonated, sending him falling into the magma-filled volcano. Mt. Mihara appeared again in the direct sequel, Godzilla vs. Biollante, in which Godzilla was released when the volcano erupted.
Mt. Mihara and Izu Ōshima were also featured in Koji Suzuki's Ring and its film adaptation as pivotal locations for the story.
In the Pokémon franchise, Cinnabar Island is based on Izu Ōshima.
In the anime Vividred Operation, Izu Ōshima is the home of several protagonists.
Disturbance in the Wake, a time travel novel by S.A. Ison, takes place on Oshima Island in the 14th century.[5]