Opinion polling for the 1993 Canadian federal election explained

Polls leading up to the 1993 Canadian federal election.

National polls

Campaign period

Evolution of voting intentions at national level

Last day of survey	LPC	Reform	PC	BQ	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
Voting results	41.24	18.69	16.04	13.52	6.88	3.59
October 22, 1993	43	18	18	14	7	3	Angus Reid			PDF
October 20, 1993	44	19	16	12	7	2	Gallup		±	PDF
October 20, 1993	43	17	17	14	7	2	Angus Reid			[1]
October 14, 1993	40	16	22	13	7	2	Comquest		± 2.5	PDF
October 6, 1993	37	18	22	12	8		Angus Reid		± 2.5	[2] HTML
September 28, 1993	39	17	25	12	6	1	Ekos		± 2.5	PDF
September 26, 1993	38	14	26	12	8	2	Compas			HTML
September 23, 1993	37	13	30	10	8	2	Gallup			PDF
September 23, 1993	34	15	28	12	7	3	Léger			PDF
September 22, 1993	36	13	31	11	7	2	CROP		± 2.0	PDF
September 16, 1993	35	11	35	11	6	2	Angus Reid			HTML
September 14, 1993	33	11	36	10	8	2	Comquest			HTML
September 9, 1993	33	11	34	11	10	2	Environics			[3]
September 9, 1993	37	10	35	8	8	2	Angus Reid		± 2.5	HTML [4]
Official call of federal elections (September 8, 1993)

During the 34th Parliament of Canada

Evolution of voting intentions at national level

Last day of survey	LPC	Reform	PC	BQ	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
September 3, 1993	33	11	34	11	10	2	Environics		± 2.3	[5]
August 16, 1993	40	7	36	6	8	3	Gallup		± 3.1	PDF
August 5, 1993	39	9	35		7		Angus Reid		± 2.5	1, 2,[6]
July 13, 1993	43	7	33	8	8	1	Gallup		± 3.1	PDF
June 28, 1993	39	7	35	7	9	3	Angus Reid		± 2.5	PDF
Kim Campbell becomes Prime Minister of Canada (June 25, 1993)
April 17, 1993	39		31		13		Gallup			PDF
April 2, 1993[7]	29	5	50	6	9		Gallup		[8]
April 2, 1993	39		32		13				PDF
March 25, 1993	36	9	33	9	12		Environics
March 25, 1993[9]	42	11	20	9	15
March 18, 1993	25	10	43	8	11		Angus Reid
March 15, 1993	32	10	45	4	9		Comquest
March 15, 1993	42	7	29		13	9	Gallup		± 3.1	PDF
Brian Mulroney announces that he is leaving politics (February 24, 1993)
February 15, 1993	49	8	21	3	16		Gallup		±	PDF
January 30, 1993	46		18		17		Angus Reid		±	[10]
December 6, 1992	42	12	17	9	18		Angus Reid			PDF
December 5, 1992	40	15	15	12	18		Environics			PDF
November 16, 1992	47	11	22		14		Gallup		± 3.1	PDF
September 14, 1992	44	8	21		18		Gallup			[11]
Charlottetown Accord is rejected by referendum (October 26, 1992)
July 11, 1992	42	10	22	6	18		Gallup			1 2
June 6, 1992	44	11	17	6	21	2	Gallup		± 3.1	PDF
May 26, 1992	36	12	20	7	22	3	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[12]
April 11, 1992	36	15	16	9	22		Gallup		± 4.0	PDF
March 7, 1992	40	14	12	10	22	2	Gallup		± 4.0	PDF
February 5, 1992	39	14	16	8	22	1	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[13]
January 11, 1992	39		12		24		Gallup		±	PDF
December 7, 1991	38	12	23	9	16		Gallup		±	PDF
December 5, 1991	40	15	15	12	18	0	Environics			[14]
November 9, 1991	37	11	14	11	25		Gallup		±	PDF
October 7, 1991	39	16	15	10	19	1	Environics			[15]
September 11, 1991	32	14	17	9	25		Angus Reid		±	PDF
September 7, 1991	38	12	16	7	26		Gallup		±	1 2
August 22, 1991	39	13	13	8	25	1	Gallup		±	PDF
July 1991	37	13	17	8	23	2	Angus Reid			PDF
Official creation of Bloc Québécois (June 15, 1991)
June 8, 1991	35	16	15		23	11	Gallup			[16]
June 2, 1991	34	15	16	6	27		Angus Reid		± 2.5	[17]
May 7, 1991	30	17	16	8	26		Angus Reid		± 2.5	[18]
May 4, 1991	34	13	14		28	11	Gallup		± 4.0	[19]
April 13, 1991	32	16	14	10	26	2	Gallup		± 4.0	PDF
March 20, 1991	34	7	17	4	34	4	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[20]
March 9, 1991	39	7	16	7	30	1	Gallup		± 4.0	1 2
February 23, 1991	29	11	19	9	30		Environics		± 2.5	PDF
February 9, 1991	35	8	12		34		Gallup		± 4.0	[21]
January 21, 1991	32	7	20	4	35	2	Angus Reid		± 2.5	PDF [22]
January 5, 1991	31	9	12	5	41	5	Gallup		± 4.0	[23] [24]
December 22, 1990	34		15		36		Angus Reid		± 2.5	[25]
December 8, 1990	32	8	14	8	36		Gallup		± 4.0	1 2
November 19, 1990	30	11	14	10	32	3	Environics			[26]
November 10, 1990	34		17		38		Angus Reid		± 2.5	[27]
October 13, 1990	31	9	15	4	38		Gallup		± 4.0	PDF
September 19, 1990	39		18		33	10	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[28]
September 15, 1990	39	7	15	4	32	3	Gallup		± 4.0	PDF [29]
August 11, 1990	46	6	20	5	22	1	Gallup		± 4.0	PDF [30]
Start of Gulf War (August 2, 1990)
July 14, 1990	50		19		19	10	Gallup		± 4.0	PDF
Jean Chrétien becomes head of Liberal Party of Canada (June 23, 1990)
Failure to ratify Meech Lake Accord (June 22, 1990)
June 16, 1990	50	7	17		23	3	Gallup		± 4.0	PDF [31]
June 12, 1990	50		23		17	10	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[32]
May 5, 1990	47	7	18		24	4	Gallup		± 4.0	[33]
April 7, 1990	49	6	16		24	5	Gallup		± 4.0	[34]
April 2, 1990	53		15		23		Angus Reid		± 2.5	[35]
March 10, 1990	50	5	17		25	3	Gallup		± 4.0	[36]
February 10, 1990	47	4	19		27	3	Gallup		± 4.0	PDF [37]
January 13, 1990	48		22		23		Gallup			PDF
December 21, 1989	40	3	23		30	3	Angus Reid		± 2.5	PDF [38]
Audrey McLaughlin becomes leader of the NDP (December 5, 1989)
November 11, 1989	42		26		25	7	Gallup		± 4.0	[39]
October 5, 1989	44		28		22	6	Gallup		± 4.0	[40]
September 9, 1989	41		30		24	5	Gallup		± 4.0	[41]
July 8, 1989	38		31		25	6	Gallup		± 4.0	[42]
June 21, 1989	39		34		25	2	Environics		± 2.5	PDF [43]
May 30, 1989	37		34		26	3	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[44]
May 20, 1989	40		32		25		Gallup			PDF
March 30, 1989	29		44		23	4	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[45]
March 25, 1989	33		39		24	4	Environics		± 2.5	[46]
January 7, 1989	26		48		23	3	Gallup		± 4.0	[47]
December 3, 1988	28		49		20	3	Gallup		± 4.0	[48]
Election 1988	31.92	2.09	43.02	–	20.38	2.59

By geographic area

In the Atlantic provinces

Evolution of voting intentions in the Atlantic provinces

Last day of survey	LPC	Reform	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
October 20, 1993	59	5	30	5	2	Gallup			PDF
October 20, 1993	56	10	28	5	1	Angus Reid		±
October 14, 1993	46		42			Comquest			PDF
October 6, 1993	57		32			Angus Reid		± 10.0
Official call of federal elections (September 8, 1993)
July 13, 1993	59	2	29	11	0	Gallup			PDF
February 5, 1992	53	6	21	18	2	Angus Reid
June 8, 1991	31	10	29	28	2	Gallup
May 7, 1991	39	4	26	29		Angus Reid
March 9, 1991	65		13	22		Gallup			[49]
February 9, 1991	60		8	28		Gallup
August 11, 1990	59		18	17		Gallup			[50]
July 14, 1990	64		13	15		Gallup			PDF
May 5, 1990	68		18	12	2	Gallup
February 10, 1990	59		17	14		Gallup			[51]
November 11, 1989	54		37			Gallup
October 5, 1989	61		17	15	7	Gallup
June 21, 1989	52		32	15	1	Environics

In Québec

Campaign period

Last day of survey	BQ	LPC	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
Voting results	49.3	33.0	13.5	1.5	2.7
October 20, 1993	55	28	13	2	2	SOM			PDF
October 20, 1993	50	31	14	3	2	Gallup		±	PDF
October 20, 1993	52	30	13	2	2	Angus Reid		±
October 19, 1993	54	28	14	2	2	SOM			PDF
October 18, 1993	55	28	15	1	1	SOM			PDF
October 17, 1993	51	29	17	3	0	SOM			PDF
October 16, 1993	51	30	16	2	1	SOM			PDF
October 15, 1993	50	30	18	1	1	SOM			PDF
October 14, 1993	52	26	16			Comquest		± 5.1	PDF
October 14, 1993	50	27	20			Léger		± 3.1	PDF
October 14, 1993	50	30	17		3[52]	SOM			PDF
October 13, 1993	50	28	17		5	SOM			PDF
October 12, 1993	52	26	17	3	2	SOM			PDF
October 11, 1993	52	27	18	3		Multi-Réso		± 3.1	[53]
October 11, 1993	50	27	17	3	3	SOM			PDF
October 10, 1993	52	27	17	2	2	SOM			PDF
October 9, 1993	50	28	17	2	3	SOM			PDF
October 8, 1993	49	29	18	2	2	SOM			PDF
October 7, 1993	50	27	19	2	2	SOM		± 3.1	PDF
October 6, 1993	46	27	20			Angus Reid		± 5.0
October 6, 1993	47	28	20	2	3	SOM			PDF
October 5, 1993	47	26	22	2	3	SOM			PDF
October 4, 1993	44	26	24	2		SOM			PDF
October 3, 1993	46	26	23	1		SOM		± 3.4	PDF
September 28, 1993	47	23	25			Ekos	508	± 4.3	PDF
September 28, 1993	44	24	27	1		SOM			PDF
September 23, 1993	38	29	29			Gallup	268	± 6.0	PDF
September 23, 1993	43	28	22	4	3	Léger	745		PDF
September 22, 1993	45	24	27	3	1	CROP			PDF
September 14, 1993	40	20	32	5	3	Comquest			[54]
September 9, 1993	43	23	28	3	3	Environics
September 9, 1993	32	28	36			Angus Reid			[55]
Official call of federal elections (September 8, 1993)

In 1993 (before the election campaign)

Last day of survey	BQ	LPC	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
September 3, 1993	43	23	28	3	3	Environics
August 24, 1993	40	31	24	4	1	CROP		± 3.1	PDF
August 16, 1993	28	19	47	5	1	Gallup		± 6.0	PDF
August 5, 1993	26	30	36			Angus Reid			PDF
July 13, 1993	33	33	29	4		Gallup		± 6.0	PDF
June 28, 1993	29	30	33			Angus Reid			PDF
Kim Campbell becomes Prime Minister of Canada (June 25, 1993)
June 22, 1993	40	25	22	5		Léger		± 3.1	[56]
June 21, 1993	35	31	26	8	0	CROP			PDF
June 17, 1993	34	22	35	4	5	SOM			PDF
May 18, 1993	40	30	21	8	1	CROP			PDF
April 19, 1993	36	27	26	10	1	SOM		± 3.9	PDF
April 19, 1993[57]	34	24	38	5	0
April 19, 1993[58]	35	24	31	9	1
April 2, 1993	25	17	52	3		Gallup	PDF
April 2, 1993	26	19	52
March 15, 1993	35	32	28	4		Gallup	267	± 6.1	PDF
Brian Mulroney announces that he is leaving politics (February 24, 1993)
February 16, 1993	43	24	15	10	8	SOM		±	PDF
February 15, 1993	16	49	21	11		Gallup	535	±	PDF
January 30, 1993	33	37				Angus Reid		±	[59]
November 25, 1992	43	29	13	12	1	CROP		±	PDF
November 16, 1992	33	40	19	6		Gallup			PDF
November 8, 1992	47	23	19	11		SOM	961	±	PDF
Charlottetown Accord is rejected by referendum (October 26, 1992)
September 14, 1992	37	34	18	9		Gallup			[60]
July 11, 1992	32	33	21	11		Gallup			PDF
June 14, 1992	41	28	16	13	2	CROP		±	PDF
May 26, 1992	29	29	19	20	3	Angus Reid			[61]
April 11, 1992	35	29	15			Gallup	280	± 7.0	PDF
March 7, 1992	40	30	14	16		IQOP		±	PDF
March 7, 1992	43	31	13	8		Gallup	284	±	PDF
February 5, 1992	33	32	20	12	3	Angus Reid			[62]
January 11, 1992	32	38	15	12		Gallup	259	±	PDF
December 7, 1991	41	28	18	8		Gallup			PDF
November 17, 1991	38	29	14	18		CROP			PDF
November 9, 1991	42	25	16	15		Gallup		±	PDF
September 12, 1991	42	27	15	17		IQOP		±	PDF
September 11, 1991	35	25	19	15		Angus Reid			PDF
September 7, 1991	32	34	19	13		Gallup			PDF
June 8, 1991	40	28	15	13	4	Gallup			[63]
May 7, 1991	33	21	21	18		Angus Reid			[64]
May 4, 1991	36	34	13	13	4	Gallup			[65]
April 21, 1991	37	29	14	17		CROP		± 3.0	PDF
April 13, 1991	41	26	16	11	5	Gallup			PDF
March 9, 1991	29	38	15			Gallup			PDF
February 23, 1991	36	30	18	14		Environics	398	± 5.0	PDF
February 18, 1991	35	32	15	17	2	CROP		± 3.0	PDF
February 9, 1991	23	37	22	17		Gallup			[66] PDF
January 5, 1991	26	31	17	23	3	Gallup			[67]
December 16, 1990	37	30	14	18	2	CROP		± 3.0	PDF
December 8, 1990	32	27	19	19		Gallup			PDF
November 14, 1990	40	30	12	19		IQOP			PDF
November 2, 1990	39	23	17	20		Lepage	961	± 3.0	PDF
October 22, 1990	32	26	16	23	2	CROP		± 3.0	PDF
October 13, 1990	19	34	26	16	2	Gallup	270	± 6.0	PDF
September 19, 1990	14	29	32	23	2	Angus Reid		± 2.5	[68]
Gilles Duceppe is elected independent member in the by-election of Laurier—Sainte-Marie (August 13, 1990)
August 11, 1990	22	35	29	14		Gallup			PDF
July 14, 1990		39	34	19		Gallup			PDF
Start of Oka Crisis (July 11, 1990)
Failure to ratify Meech Lake Accord (June 22, 1990)
June 18, 1990		40	29	23	7	CROP		± 3.0	PDF
June 16, 1990		50	27	12		Gallup			PDF
June 12, 1990		35	41			Angus Reid		± 4.5	[69]
Lucien Bouchard resigns from his post as minister and leaves the Conservative caucus (May 22, 1990)
May 5, 1990		48	26			Gallup			[70]
April 29, 1990		41	24	33	2	Sorécom		± 3.0	PDF
April 7, 1990		50	23	20		Gallup			[71]
March 26, 1990		41	29	26	4	Sorécom	965	± 3.0	PDF
March 21, 1990		50	28	18	5	CROP			PDF
March 10, 1990		52	23	19		Gallup			PDF
February 19, 1990		39	31	28		Sorécom	966	± 3.0	PDF
Phil Edmonston becomes the first NDP member elected In Quebec during a by-election in Chambly (February 12, 1990)
February 10, 1990		50	25	22		Gallup			PDF
January 13, 1990		49	29	13		Gallup			PDF

In 1989

Last day of survey	LPC	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
December 18, 1989	36	36	26	2	Sorecom	936	± 3.1	PDF
November 19, 1989	35	40	23	3	Sorecom		± 3.0	PDF
November 11, 1989	42	41			Gallup			[72]
October 22, 1989	35	37	24	3	Sorecom			PDF
Quebec general election (September 25, 1989)
September 9, 1989	51	32	15	2	Gallup			[73]
August 26, 1989	30	38	30		Sorecom			PDF
July 8, 1989	36	44	16	4	Gallup			[74]
June 26, 1989	36	37	25		Sorecom	940		PDF
June 21, 1989	49	36	14		Environics			[75]
June 18, 1989	40	29	23	7	CROP			PDF
May 30, 1989	39	35	25		Sorécom	986		PDF
May 25, 1989	40	32	26	22	CROP		± 3.0	PDF
April 30, 1989	29	44	25		Sorécom	993		PDF
March 25, 1989	33	46	19		Environics
March 21, 1989	50	28	18	5	CROP			PDF
Election 1988	30.3	52.7	14.4	2.6

In Ontario

Evolution of voting intentions in Ontario

center
Last day of survey	LPC	Reform	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
Voting results	52.9	20.1	17.6	6.0	3.4
October 20, 1993	56	21	18	3	3	Gallup			PDF
October 20, 1993	55	18	19	7	1	Angus Reid		±
October 14, 1993	51	19	22	7	1	Comquest			PDF
October 6, 1993	48	20	24			Angus Reid		± 4.5
September 23, 1993	44	13	31	8		Gallup			PDF
September 23, 1993	50		27	4		Léger			PDF
September 22, 1993	46	12	34	6		CROP			PDF
September 9, 1993	45	11	34	8	2	Angus Reid
Official call of federal elections (September 8, 1993)
September 3, 1993	37	13	38	10	2	Environics
July 13, 1993	50	9	31	8		Gallup			PDF
April 17, 1993	47	10	34	9	0	Gallup			PDF
November 16, 1992	53	11	22	14		Gallup			PDF
May 26, 1992	45	12	21	20	2	Angus Reid
February 5, 1992	45	14	14	25	2	Angus Reid
June 8, 1991	45	18	14	21	2	Gallup
May 7, 1991	37	17	15	12		Angus Reid
May 4, 1991	39	13	15	32	1	Gallup
March 9, 1991	40		17	38		Gallup
February 9, 1991	34	6	16	42	2	Gallup
January 5, 1991	30	3	8	56		Gallup
November 19, 1990	32	8	12	43	5	Environics
The NDP led by Bob Rae wins a majority government (September 6, 1990)
August 11, 1990	54		18	25		Gallup
July 14, 1990	61		15	22		Gallup			PDF
May 5, 1990	52		16	25		Gallup
April 7, 1990	54		13	27		Gallup
February 10, 1990	56		17	26		Gallup
December 21, 1989	48		19	30		Angus Reid
November 11, 1989	50		23	24		Gallup
October 5, 1989	46		36	13		Gallup
September 9, 1989	47		27	24		Gallup
June 21, 1989	40		31	27		Environics
March 25, 1989	38		34	25		Environics
Election 1988	38.9	–	38.2	20.1	2.8

In the Prairies

Evolution of voting intentions in Prairies (Manitoba and Saskatchewan)! rowspan="2"

Last day of survey	LPC	Reform	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
October 20, 1993	43	22	19	13	3	Angus Reid		±
October 14, 1993	55	16	15	15	0	Comquest		± 9.3	PDF
October 6, 1993	34	20	21	21		Angus Reid		± 10.0
January 30, 1993	38	4		35		Angus Reid		±

In Alberta

Evolution of voting intentions in Alberta

Last day of survey	LPC	Reform	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
Voting results	25.1	52.3	14.6	4.1	3.9
October 20, 1993	30	46	18	4	3	Angus Reid		±
October 14, 1993	30	41	24			Comquest		± 8.4	PDF
October 6, 1993	25	45	21			Angus Reid		± 6.0
September 22, 1993	25	30	35			CROP			PDF
Official call of federal elections (September 8, 1993)
September 3, 1993	24	25	41	9	2	Environics
August 5, 1993	33	24	35			Angus Reid			PDF
January 30, 1993	39	21	22			Angus Reid		±
Election 1988	13.7	15.4	51.8	17.4	1.7

In British Columbia

Evolution of voting intentions in British Columbia! rowspan="2"

Last day of survey	LPC	Reform	PC	NDP	Other	Polling firm	Sample		Source
Voting results	28.1	36.4	13.5	15.5	6.5
October 20, 1993	29	34	16	15	5	Gallup			PDF
October 20, 1993	33	33	15	16	2	Angus Reid		±
October 14, 1993	31	26	25	13	5	Comquest		± 5.9	PDF
October 6, 1993	24	36	19	13		Angus Reid		± 4.5
September 25, 1993	30	30	24	13		Gallup			PDF
September 23, 1993	17	32	30			Léger			PDF
September 22, 1993	17	29	26			CROP			PDF
Official call of federal elections (September 8, 1993)
August 16, 1993	35	15	29	17	4	Gallup			PDF
August 5, 1993	35		28			Angus Reid			PDF
July 13, 1993	37	13	39	8	3	Gallup			PDF
April 17, 1993	36	20	19			Gallup			PDF
January 30, 1993	38	14		27		Angus Reid		±
May 26, 1992	30	20	16	29	5	Angus Reid
February 5, 1992	34	25	7	33	1	Angus Reid
June 8, 1991	22	20	18	34	6	Gallup
May 7, 1991		30		30		Angus Reid
March 9, 1991	30	14	18	38	0	Gallup
February 9, 1991	24	15	15	44	2	Gallup
August 11, 1990	37	17		28		Gallup			[76]
July 14, 1990	38	20	8	33	1	Gallup			PDF
May 5, 1990	32		11	50		Gallup
February 10, 1990	23	4	22	46	5	Gallup
November 11, 1989	25		16	45	14	Gallup
October 5, 1989	29		26	42	3	Gallup
Election 1988	20.4	4.8	35.3	37.0	2.5

Notes and References

1. News: Kirk Makin . Liberal majority predicted . . October 23, 1993 . A6 .
2. News: Joan Bryden . Liberal lead widens, poll shows . Waterloo Region Record . October 8, 1993. A1.
3. News: Hugh Winsor . Polls suggest a hung Parliament. . September 9, 1993 . A1 .
4. News: Joan Bryden . Liberals' edge soars among those worried about jobs . The Daily News (Halifax) . September 11, 1993 . 8.
5. News: La Presse canadienne . Liberals, Tories tied . Waterloo Region Record . September 9, 1993 . A1.
6. News: PM not ready to call election 'Canadians have to be clear about choices' . Hamilton Spectator . August 9, 1993 . A1.
7. Assuming Kim Campbell leader of Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
8. News: Hugh Winsor . Campbell Tories would lose, poll shows. . April 13, 1993 . A1 .
9. Assuming Jean Charest leader of Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
10. News: Julian Beltrame . Poll places Grits at top as Reform falters in West . The Daily News . February 3, 1993 . 9.
11. News: Bloc strong in Quebec: poll . The Gazette . September 17, 1992 . B1.
12. News: Mulroney, Tories hang on to recent popularity gains. The Daily News (Halifax) . May 30, 1992 . 12.
13. News: Tories stay put, NDP fades as Grits gain support. Julian Beltrame. The Daily News (Halifax) . February 12, 1992 . 12.
14. News: Reform, PCs tied, poll suggests . Waterloo Region Record . December 21, 1992. A3.
15. News: Liberals have twice the support . The Toronto Star . October 16, 1991 . A14.
16. News: NDP support lowest since August . Toronto Star . June 20, 1991 . A21.
17. News: Bloc, Reform parties appear to be losing favor. The Daily News (Halifax) . June 14, 1991 . 10.
18. News: Regional parties on upswing among Canadians, poll finds. Toronto Star . July 10, 1991 . B24.
19. News: Undecided vote hits 41% . Toronto Star . May 16, 1991 . A23.
20. News: Latest poll puts Tories on bottom of heap -- again. Julian Beltrame . The Daily News (Halifax) . March 23, 1991 . 8.
21. News: Most give Liberals edge over NDP Taking The Pulse. Toronto Star . February 21, 1991 . A15.
22. News: Support up for Tories, poll shows. Joan Bryden. Toronto Star . January 26, 1991. A8.
23. News: Tory support plunges to record 12% . Toronto Star. January 17, 1991 . A23.
24. News: English Canadians like Clyde Wells . Toronto Star . February 4, 1991 . A15.
25. News: Fringe parties' support on upswing, poll finds . Toronto Star . December 29, 1990. A10.
26. News: Fed-up voters are rejecting Maynstream parties . The Toronto Star . November 26, 1990 . A1.
27. News: McLaughlin, federal NDP on top in latest poll . The Daily News (Halifax) . November 13, 1990 . 9.
28. News: NDP popularity surges to 33% survey finds . Toronto Star . September 22, 1990 . A1.
29. News: Tory support drops to 15%, Gallup finds . Toronto Star . September 27, 1990 . A10.
30. News: Federal Liberals slip to 46% in polls . Toronto Star . August 23, 1990 . A3.
31. News: Only 17% support Tories, poll shows . Toronto Star . June 28, 1990 . A14.
32. News: Support for Tories increases, poll finds . Toronto Star . June 15, 1990 . A13.
33. News: Tory support inches up to 18% in Gallup poll. Rosemary Speirs. Toronto Star . April 19, 1990 . A3.
34. News: Tory popularity plunges to just 16% in latest poll . Toronto Star . April 19, 1990 . A3.
35. News: Only 15% back Tories, Angus Reid poll shows. Toronto Star . April 9, 1990 . A10.
36. News: Tories plunge to 17 per cent in Gallup poll . Toronto Star . March 22, 1990 . A1.
37. News: Only 19% would vote for Tories, poll finds . Toronto Star . February 22, 1990 . A12.
38. News: Tories tumble to third place, Reid poll says . Toronto Star . December 30, 1989 . A9.
39. News: Tory popularity down to 26 per cent, poll finds. David Vienneau. Toronto Star. November 23, 1989 . A18.
40. News: 44% favor Liberals, Tories slip further in new Gallup poll. Toronto Star. October 19, 1989 . A19.
41. News: Tory plunge halted as support inches up to 30 per cent in poll. Toronto Star. September 21, 1989 . A15.
42. News: Liberals favored by 38% poll says. Toronto Star. July 13, 1989 . A16.
43. News: Hugh Windsor . PC support down sharply since budget, poll finds . The Globe and Mail . June 28, 1989.
44. News: Tory popularity plummets to 34% new survey shows . Toronto Star . June 8, 1989 . A15.
45. News: 43% FAVOR Liberals with Chretien, poll finds . Toronto Star . April 21, 1989. A13.
46. News: Michael Adams. Donna Dasko . Poll shows support for Tories dropping. . March 30, 1989 . A1 .
47. News: Tories enjoy post-vote glow as voter support rises to 48%. Toronto Star. January 12, 1989 . A8.
48. News: Turner should quit leadership 59% tell poll. Toronto Star. December 12, 1988 . A3.
49. News: Support for NDP continues to shrink . Toronto Star . March 21, 1991 . A21.
50. News: Gilles Paquin . Le Bloc Québécois étend sa popularité . La Presse . August 23, 1990 . A1.
51. News: fr . Gilles Gauthier . Mulroney et son parti piquent à 19% (Gallup) . La Presse . February 22, 1990 . A1.
52. Includes the NDP
53. News: La Presse canadienne . Poll predicts Bloc sweep . Waterloo Region Record . October 15, 1993 . A5.
54. News: Poll shows PCs, Liberals neck and neck Campbell popularity key to rise in Tory support, Globe survey finds . The Globe and Mail . September 16, 1993 . A1.
55. News: Joan Bryden . Liberals' edge soars among those worried about jobs . The Daily News (Halifax) . September 11, 1993 . 8.
56. News: Andre Picard . Tory support doubles in Quebec: Poll shows Bloc with solid lead . The Globe and Mail . July 3, 1993 . A1.
57. Assuming Kim Campbell leader of Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
58. Assuming Jean Charest leader of Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
59. News: Julian Beltrame . Poll places Grits at top as Reform falters in West . The Daily News . February 3, 1993 . 9.
60. News: Bloc strong in Quebec: poll . The Gazette . September 17, 1992 . B1.
61. News: Mulroney, Tories hang on to recent popularity gains. The Daily News (Halifax) . May 30, 1992 . 12.
62. News: Tories stay put, NDP fades as Grits gain support. Julian Beltrame. The Daily News (Halifax) . February 12, 1992 . 12.
63. News: NDP support lowest since August . Toronto Star . June 20, 1991 . A21.
64. News: Joan Bryden . Reform Party surges past PCs; Support for the Bloc Quebec doubles in Quebec, poll says . Montreal Gazette . May 10, 1991 . A1.
65. News: Undecided vote hits 41% . Toronto Star . May 16, 1991 . A23.
66. News: Most give Liberals edge over NDP Taking The Pulse. Toronto Star . February 21, 1991 . A15.
67. News: Tory support plunges to record 12% . Toronto Star. January 17, 1991 . A23.
68. News: NDP popularity surges to 33% survey finds . Toronto Star . September 22, 1990 . A1.
69. News: Support for Tories increases, poll finds . Toronto Star . June 15, 1990 . A13.
70. News: Tory support inches up to 18% in Gallup poll. Rosemary Speirs. Toronto Star . April 19, 1990 . A3.
71. News: Tory popularity plunges to just 16% in latest poll . Toronto Star . April 19, 1990 . A3.
72. News: Tory popularity down to 26 per cent, poll finds. David Vienneau. Toronto Star. November 23, 1989 . A18.
73. News: Tory plunge halted as support inches up to 30 per cent in poll. Toronto Star. September 21, 1989 . A15.
74. News: Liberals favored by 38% poll says. Toronto Star. July 13, 1989 . A16.
75. News: Hugh Windsor . PC support down sharply since budget, poll finds . The Globe and Mail . June 28, 1989.
76. News: Federal Liberals slip to 46% in polls . Toronto Star . August 23, 1990 . A3.