| Country: | Japan |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | yes |
| Previous Election: | 2024 Japanese general election |
| Previous Year: | 2024 |
| Election Date: | By 27 October 2028 |
| Elected Mps: | Representatives elected in the 2024 Japanese general election--> |
| Seats For Election: | All 465 seats in the House of Representatives |
| Majority Seats: | 233 |
| 1Blank: | Constituency vote |
| 2Blank: | % and swing |
| 3Blank: | Regional vote |
| 4Blank: | % and swing |
| Opinion Polls: | Opinion polling for the next Japanese general election |
| Leader1: | Shigeru Ishiba |
| Party1: | Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
| Leaders Seat1: | Tottori 1st |
| Leader Since1: | 27 September 2024 |
| Last Election1: | 191 seats |
| Seats Needed1: | 42 |
| Seats Before1: | 191 |
| Leader2: | Yoshihiko Noda |
| Party2: | Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan |
| Leaders Seat2: | Chiba 14th |
| Leader Since2: | 23 September 2024 |
| Last Election2: | 148 seats |
| Seats Needed2: | 85 |
| Seats Before2: | 148 |
| Leader3: | Hirofumi Yoshimura Seiji Maehara |
| Party3: | Nippon Ishin no Kai |
| Leaders Seat3: | N/A Kyoto 2nd |
| Leader Since3: | 1 December 2024 |
| Last Election3: | 38 seats |
| Seats Needed3: | 195 |
| Seats Before3: | 38 |
| Leader4: | Motohisa Furukawa (Interim) |
| Party4: | Democratic Party For the People |
| Leaders Seat4: | Aichi 2nd |
| Leader Since4: | 4 December 2024 |
| Last Election4: | 28 seats |
| Seats Needed4: | 205 |
| Seats Before4: | 28 |
| Leader5: | Tetsuo Saito |
| Party5: | Komeito |
| Leaders Seat5: | Hiroshima 3rd |
| Leader Since5: | 9 November 2024 |
| Last Election5: | 24 seats |
| Seats Needed5: | 209 |
| Seats Before5: | 24 |
| Leader6: | Tarō Yamamoto |
| Party6: | Reiwa Shinsengumi |
| Leaders Seat6: | Did not stand |
| Leader Since6: | 1 April 2019 |
| Last Election6: | 9 seats |
| Seats Needed6: | 234 |
| Seats Before6: | 9 |
| Leader7: | Tomoko Tamura |
| Party7: | Japanese Communist Party |
| Leader Since7: | 18 January 2024 |
| Leaders Seat7: | Tokyo PR block |
| Last Election7: | 8 seats |
| Seats Needed7: | 225 |
| Seats Before7: | 8 |
| Leader8: | Sohei Kamiya |
| Leaders Seat8: | Did not stand |
| Leader Since8: | 30 August 2023 |
| Party8: | Sanseitō |
| Last Election8: | 3 seats |
| Seats Needed8: | 230 |
| Seats Before8: | 3 |
| Leader9: | Naoki Hyakuta |
| Party9: | Conservative Party of Japan |
| Leaders Seat9: | N/A |
| Leader Since9: | 1 September 2023 |
| Last Election9: | 3 seats |
| Seats Needed9: | 230 |
| Seats Before9: | 3 |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Party: | Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
The 51st general election of the House of Representatives is scheduled to be held no later than 27 October 2028 to elect all 465 seats of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet. Voting will take place in all constituencies, including 289 single-seat electoral districts and 176 proportional blocks.[1]
The 2024 general election resulted in a hung parliament and the formation of a minority government led by Liberal Democratic Party-Komeito coalition under Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba. An election may occur before the scheduled date if the Prime Minister dissolves Parliament for a snap election or if the House of Representatives passes a motion of no confidence in the government. Early elections are more likely during minority governments, as the Prime Minister does not command a majority in the House of Representatives.
The 2024 general election resulted in the loss of majority of the Liberal Democratic Party-Komeito governing coalition under Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba.[2]
The election will likely take place after:
The 465 seats of the House of Representatives are contested via parallel voting. Of these, 289 members are elected in single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting, while 176 members are elected in 11 multi-member constituencies via party list proportional representation. Candidates from parties with legal political party-list, which requires either ≥5 Diet members or ≥1 Diet member and ≥2% of the nationwide vote in one tier of a recent national election, are allowed to stand in a constituency and be present on the party list. If they lose their constituency vote, they may still be elected in the proportionally allocated seats. However, if such a dual candidate wins less than 10% of the vote in their majoritarian constituency, they are also disqualified as a proportional candidate.
See main article: Opinion polling for the next Japanese general election.