| Nachusa Grasslands | |
| Photo Width: | 144 |
| Map: | USA Illinois |
| Map Width: | 250 |
| Location: | 2075 S Lowden Road Franklin Grove, Illinois |
| Coordinates: | 41.8912°N -89.3436°W |
| Established: | 1986 |
| Governing Body: | The Nature Conservancy |
The Nachusa Grasslands is a restored tallgrass prairie near Franklin Grove in Lee County and Ogle County, Illinois. It is managed by The Nature Conservancy staff and volunteers.
Most of northern Illinois was tallgrass prairie at the time of statehood in 1818. In the ensuing century, the vast majority of this prairie was plowed up for arable farmland.[1] A Nature Conservancy planning process, aimed at building a restored tallgrass prairie ecosystem in Illinois, commenced in 1985; the first major land acquisition of occurred in 1986. By 2022, the total current acreage had grown to over .[2]
In February 2020, a fire destroyed the site's pole barn along with much of the equipment used to care for the preserve.[3] The replacement plans include expansion to allow more space for convening volunteers, partners, scientists and community leaders.[3]
The Nachusa Grasslands planning process called for running up to 100 American bison (Bison bison, also commonly known as "buffalo") on approximately of the preserve.[4] Thirty bison from the Wind Cave bison herd were released in October 2014. This was the first conservation herd in Illinois.[5] The bison were added to the approximately 700 species logged at the prairie. In April 2015, free-range bison calves were born, adding to hope that the Nachusa herd could be managed so as to be self-sustaining., 14 calves have been born at Nachusa. By 2023, the summer herd size was 120-130 and the winter herd size was 90-100.
The preserve's visitor center includes nearby trailheads, a pavilion with interpretive signage, self-composting restrooms, and a potable water supply.[6] In 2021 it won an architecture award from the American Society of Landscape Architects. Attributes included fulfilling its mission without overpowering the surrounding landscape and that "the facility draws visitors into an interpretive rich shelter framing distant views telling the story of the vast prairie beyond"