NOX5 explained

NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5, also known as NOX5, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NOX5 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

NOX5 is a novel NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide.

Nox5 interacts with c-abl, superoxide production leads to phosphorylation of c-abl, while inhibition of c-abl kinase activity inhibits Nox5 superoxide production.^[3]

Further reading

• Lachgar A, Sojic N, Arbault S, etal . Amplification of the Inflammatory Cellular Redox State by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Immunosuppressive Tat and gp160 Proteins . J. Virol. . 73 . 2 . 1447–52 . 1999 . 10.1128/JVI.73.2.1447-1452.1999 . 9882350 . 103969 .
• Cheng G, Cao Z, Xu X, etal . Homologs of gp91phox: cloning and tissue expression of Nox3, Nox4, and Nox5 . Gene . 269 . 1–2 . 131–40 . 2001 . 11376945 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00449-8 .
• Bánfi B, Molnár G, Maturana A, etal . A Ca(2+)-activated NADPH oxidase in testis, spleen, and lymph nodes . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 40 . 37594–601 . 2001 . 11483596 . 10.1074/jbc.M103034200 . free .
• Armstrong JS, Bivalacqua TJ, Chamulitrat W, etal . A comparison of the NADPH oxidase in human sperm and white blood cells . Int. J. Androl. . 25 . 4 . 223–9 . 2002 . 12121572 . 10.1046/j.1365-2605.2002.00351.x . free .
• Moskwa P, Dagher MC, Paclet MH, etal . Participation of Rac GTPase activating proteins in the deactivation of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase . Biochemistry . 41 . 34 . 10710–6 . 2002 . 12186557 . 10.1021/bi0257033 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Bánfi B, Tirone F, Durussel I, etal . Mechanism of Ca2+ activation of the NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 18 . 18583–91 . 2004 . 14982937 . 10.1074/jbc.M310268200 . free .
• Jana A, Pahan K . Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120 Induces Apoptosis in Human Primary Neurons through Redox-Regulated Activation of Neutral Sphingomyelinase . J. Neurosci. . 24 . 43 . 9531–40 . 2005 . 15509740 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3085-04.2004 . 1955476 .
• Kawahara T, Ritsick D, Cheng G, Lambeth JD . Point mutations in the proline-rich region of p22phox are dominant inhibitors of Nox1- and Nox2-dependent reactive oxygen generation . J. Biol. Chem. . 280 . 36 . 31859–69 . 2005 . 15994299 . 10.1074/jbc.M501882200 . free .
• Femling JK, Nauseef WM, Weiss JP . Synergy between extracellular group IIA phospholipase A2 and phagocyte NADPH oxidase in digestion of phospholipids of Staphylococcus aureus ingested by human neutrophils . J. Immunol. . 175 . 7 . 4653–61 . 2005 . 16177112 . 10.4049/jimmunol.175.7.4653. free .
• Cucoranu I, Clempus R, Dikalova A, etal . NAD(P)H oxidase 4 mediates transforming growth factor-beta1-induced differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts . Circ. Res. . 97 . 9 . 900–7 . 2005 . 16179589 . 10.1161/01.RES.0000187457.24338.3D . free .
• Kamiguti AS, Serrander L, Lin K, etal . Expression and activity of NOX5 in the circulating malignant B cells of hairy cell leukemia . J. Immunol. . 175 . 12 . 8424–30 . 2006 . 16339585 . 10.4049/jimmunol.175.12.8424. free .
• Fu X, Beer DG, Behar J, etal . cAMP-response element-binding protein mediates acid-induced NADPH oxidase NOX5-S expression in Barrett esophageal adenocarcinoma cells . J. Biol. Chem. . 281 . 29 . 20368–82 . 2006 . 16707484 . 10.1074/jbc.M603353200 . free .
• Duerrschmidt N, Stielow C, Muller G, etal . NO-mediated regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase by laminar shear stress in human endothelial cells . J. Physiol. . 576 . Pt 2 . 557–67 . 2006 . 16873416 . 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.111070 . 1890367 .
• Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Lemarechal H, Bonnefont-Rousselot D, etal . Superoxide production and NADPH oxidase expression in human rheumatoid synovial cells: regulation by interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha . Inflamm. Res. . 55 . 11 . 483–90 . 2007 . 17122966 . 10.1007/s00011-006-6036-8 . 9576123 .
• Jagnandan D, Church JE, Banfi B, etal . Novel mechanism of activation of NADPH oxidase 5. calcium sensitization via phosphorylation . J. Biol. Chem. . 282 . 9 . 6494–507 . 2007 . 17164239 . 10.1074/jbc.M608966200 . free .
• BelAiba RS, Djordjevic T, Petry A, etal . NOX5 variants are functionally active in endothelial cells . Free Radic. Biol. Med. . 42 . 4 . 446–59 . 2007 . 17275676 . 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.10.054 .
• Tirone F, Cox JA . NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) interacts with and is regulated by calmodulin . FEBS Lett. . 581 . 6 . 1202–8 . 2007 . 17346712 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.02.047 . free .
• Qin F, Simeone M, Patel R . Inhibition of NADPH oxidase reduces myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis and improves cardiac function in heart failure after myocardial infarction . Free Radic. Biol. Med. . 43 . 2 . 271–81 . 2007 . 17603936 . 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.04.021 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: NOX5 NADPH oxidase, EF-hand calcium binding domain 5.
2. Bánfi B, Molnár G, Maturana A, Steger K, Hegedûs B, Demaurex N, Krause KH . A Ca(2+)-activated NADPH oxidase in testis, spleen, and lymph nodes . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 40 . 37594–601 . October 2001 . 11483596 . 10.1074/jbc.M103034200 . free .
3. El Jamali A, Valente AJ, Lechleiter JD, Gamez MJ, Pearson DW, Nauseef WM, Clark RA . Novel redox-dependent regulation of NOX5 by the tyrosine kinase c-Abl . Free Radic. Biol. Med. . 44 . 5 . 868–81 . March 2008 . 18160052 . 2278123 . 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.11.020 .