| Museum of Arts of Uzbekistan | |
| Location: | 16, Amir Temur Avenue, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, 100060 |
| Type: | Art museum, Russian art, Ukrainian art, Uzbek art, Western art |
| Director: | Fayziyeva Vasila |
The Museum of Arts of Uzbekistan (ru|Музей искусств Узбекистана; uz|Oʻzbekiston Davlat Sanʼat muzeyi) is the largest national art museum in Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.[1] [2] Its permanent collection contains more than several thousands works, divided among four curatorial departments. The museum was established in 1918 as a "Museum of People University" and renamed as the "Central Arts Museum" later. It was named as the "Tashkent Art Museum" in 1924 and finally the "Museum of Arts of Uzbekistan" in 1935.[3]
The museum was established in 1918 and was located in former palace of Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia, a grandson of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, until 1935. It was moved to the People's House in 1935. In 1974, the People's House building was demolished and replaced by the current building.[4]
During the Stalinist era (1927–1953), three Soviet architects, Abdulov, Nikiforov, and Rosenblum designed the new building in the form of a huge cube, with all sides separated into even metal squares, lined with aluminum sheets on the outside. The lower part of the building and the entrance are decorated with polished gray marble. The upper part is glazed with chrom-brugnatellite, smoothing the sunlight and setting indoor matte illumination.[5]
The initial collection of the museum consisted of a hundred works of art from Grand Duke Nicholas Konstantinovich of Russia and other private collections, nationalized in April 1918. Those were mostly paintings and drawings by Russian and Western European masters, sculptures, furniture, and porcelain. Immediately after establishing the museum, its collection was enlarged with works from the collection of the Turkestan local history museum.
Some works were transferred from museum collections in Moscow and Leningrad—for example, in 1920–1924 the museum received 116 works of Ukrainian and Russian artists from the 18th to 20th centuries, among them portraits by Vladimir Borovikovsky, Karl Bryullov, Ilya Repin, Vasily Tropinin, Nikolai Yaroshenko, and many others. The museum also purchased about 250 paintings of pre-revolutionary Russian and non-Russian artists who were active in Central Asia: Igor Kazakov, Nikolay Karazin, and William Sommer. From the second half of the 1930s, the museum's collection was expanded mostly with works by Uzbek artists, including works of Usto Mumin, Pavel Benkov, and Leo Bure.[6]
In addition to its permanent collection, the museum holds exhibitions of Uzbek and international artists.[7] Collections in the museum are divided into four departments: National applied art of Uzbekistan, Fine arts of Uzbekistan, Russian and Western art, and Far Eastern art.[8]
The museum's chief curator, Mirfayz Usmonov, was caught in 2014 selling artworks in the black market for the past 15 years and replacing them with copies. He was prosecuted and sentenced to nine years in jail. Two other museum employees were sentenced to eight years each.[9]