| Mercedes V6 turbo-hybrid power unit[1] | |
| Manufacturer: | Mercedes-AMG High Performance Powertrains |
| Production: | 2014–present |
| Configuration: | V-6 single hybrid turbocharged engine, 90° cylinder angle |
| Displacement: | 1.6L |
| Bore: | 80mm |
| Stroke: | 53mm |
| Block: | Aluminum alloy |
| Head: | Aluminum alloy |
| Valvetrain: | 24-valve (four-valves per cylinder), DOHC |
| Compression: | under 18:1 |
| Idle: | 5,000 rpm |
| Redline: | 15,000 rpm |
| Turbocharger: | Hybrid turbocharger with boost pressure |
| Torque: | Approx. 600- |
| Coolingsystem: | Single water pump |
| Weight: | NaNkg (-2,147,483,648lb) overall including headers, clutch, ECU, spark box or filters |
| Fuelsystem: | gasoline direct injection |
| Management: | McLaren TAG-320 (2014-2018) later TAG-320B (2019-present) |
| Fueltype: | Petronas Primax unleaded gasoline 94.25% + 5.75% biofuel[2] and Mobil (McLaren only in 2014) |
| Oilsystem: | Dry sump |
| Predecessor: | Mercedes-Benz FO engine |
The Mercedes V6 hybrid Formula One power unit is a series of 1.6-liter, hybrid turbocharged V6 racing engines which features both a kinetic energy recovery system (MGU-K) and a heat energy recovery system (MGU-H), developed and produced by Mercedes-AMG High Performance Powertrains for use in Formula One. The engines were in use since the 2014 season by the Mercedes works team. Over years of development, engine power was increased from 840 horsepower at 15,000 rpm, to 1,030 horsepower at 15,000 rpm. Customer team engines were used by Williams, McLaren, Lotus, Manor Racing, Force India, Racing Point Force India, Racing Point and Aston Martin.
Having a successful run since the 2014 season, the Mercedes V6 Hybrid engine have become one of the most successful Formula One engines of all time.[3] Breaking the record for most wins in a season in 2016 (this has record since been surpassed by Honda with Red Bull Racing in 2023), as well as among many other major constructor and driver F1 records. Notably, Lewis Hamilton won a record breaking six drivers' championships and Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team won a record breaking eight consecutive constructors' championships powered by the Mercedes V6 Hybrid engines.
| Mercedes-Benz PU106A | 1.600 L 90° V6 turbo hybrid | 630kW @ 15,000 rpm[4] | ||
| Mercedes-Benz PU106B | 649kW @ 15,000 rpm[5] | Adapted for use in the Mercedes-AMG One[6] | ||
| Mercedes-Benz PU106C | 670kW @ 15,000 rpm[7] | |||
| Mercedes-AMG M08 EQ Power+ | 949abbr=onNaNabbr=on @ 15,000 rpm[8] | |||
| Mercedes-AMG M09 EQ Power+ | 970abbr=onNaNabbr=on @ 15,000 rpm[9] | |||
| Mercedes-AMG M10 EQ Power+ | Badged as "BWT Mercedes" for Racing Point | |||
| Mercedes-AMG M11 EQ Performance | 990abbr=onNaNabbr=on @ 15,000 rpm[10] | |||
| Mercedes-AMG M12 E Performance | 1030abbr=onNaNabbr=on @ 15,000 rpm | |||
| 2022 | Mercedes-AMG M13 E Performance | 1030abbr=onNaNabbr=on @ 15,000 rpm[11] | ||
| Mercedes-AMG M14 E Performance | ||||
| Mercedes-AMG M15 E Performance |
The Formula One regulations in saw Mercedes produce a unique hybrid 1.6-liter turbocharged V6 engine, that could produce a significant amount of power with less fuel consumption compared to Ferrari and Renault engines. It also featured the kinetic energy recovery system (MGU-K) and heat energy recovery system (MGU-H). The engine was soon proved to have a clear advantage over other engines, as cars powered by the Mercedes engine scored the majority of points during the 2014 season.[12] Since the introduction of this engine formula, Mercedes-powered cars scored pole position in 132 and won 123 of 227 races (as of the 2024 Qatar Grand Prix), and won 7 drivers' championships and 8 constructors' championships.
Season statistics for Mercedes engines
| Season | Constructors | Races | Wins | Pole positions | Podiums | Fastest laps | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mercedes, Force India, McLaren, Williams | 19 | 16 | 19 | 15 | 41 | 17 | 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th | ||
| Mercedes, Force India, Lotus, Williams | 19 | 16 | 18 | 12 | 38 | 13 | 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th | ||
| Mercedes, Force India, MRT, Williams | 21 | 19 | 20 | 8 | 35 | 10 | 1st, 4th, 5th, 11th | ||
| Mercedes, Force India, Williams | 20 | 12 | 15 | 4 | 27 | 10 | 1st, 4th, 5th | ||
| Mercedes, Force India, Williams | 21 | 11 | 13 | 4 | 26 | 10 | 1st, 7th, 10th | ||
| Mercedes, Racing Point, Williams | 21 | 15 | 10 | 9 | 32 | 9 | 1st, 7th, 10th | ||
| Mercedes, Racing Point, Williams | 17 | 14 | 16 | 6 | 29 | 9 | 1st, 4th, 10th | ||
| Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 22 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 35 | 12 | 1st, 4th, 7th, 8th | ||
| 2022 | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 22 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 18 | 8 | 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th | |
| 2023 | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 22 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 24 | 8 | 2nd, 4th, 5th, 7th | |
| 2024 | Mercedes, Aston Martin, McLaren, Williams | 23 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 29 | 12 | 1st, 4th, 5th, 9th |
The Mercedes-AMG One production hypercar features a powertrain similar to modern Formula One cars. The production version of the car features a modified version of the Mercedes-Benz PU106B Hybrid E-turbo V6 engine, used in the Mercedes F1 W06 Hybrid Formula One car.[13] [14] Modifications were done to the engine, resulting in a reduction in idle rpm and redline rpm among many other changes to make it road-legal. The modified internal combustion engine (ICE) produces a maximum power output of 422kW. Torque figures were unmeasurable due to the complex powertrain.[15]
The internal combustion engine works in conjunction with four electric motors; a 1200NaN0 MGU-K coupled to the crankshaft, a 900NaN0 MGU-H coupled to the turbocharger, and two electric motors in the front axle producing 2400NaN0.[16] The One has a total combined power output of 782kW. The MGU-K and MGU-H are similar as in use in Formula One cars, which were responsible for recovering energy and improving efficiency during the operation of the car.[17] More specifically, the MGU-K serves to generate electricity during braking, while the MGU-H serves to eliminate turbo lag and improve throttle response by keeping the turbine spinning at lower engine high speeds.[18] Two electric motors drive the front wheels and creates an all-wheel drive drivetrain, the sum of these four electric motors contribute 3600NaN0 of effective power to the total power output figure of the AMG One.
The head of Mercedes-AMG, Tobias Moers, claimed that the engine idles at 1,280 rpm and 11,000 rpm at its redline limit. However, the engine will only last for 50000km (30,000miles) and the owners would have to return their cars for an engine refurbishment costing 850,000 euros. This Formula One inspired powertrain helps the car attain a top speed of . According to Mercedes-AMG, the car can accelerate from 0 to 100km/h in 2.9 seconds, 0 to 200km/h in 7.0 seconds and 0 to 300km/h in 15.6 seconds.[19]