MC Hammer discography explained

The discography of American rapper MC Hammer includes the hit records "U Can't Touch This", "Pray" and "2 Legit 2 Quit". Hammer is known for his flashy dance movements, choreography and Hammer pants. His superstar-status and entertaining showmanship made him a household name and hip hop icon.^[1] Hammer has sold more than 50 million records worldwide,^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6]} breaking down numerous doors for rap music and demonstrating that hip-hop had the potential for blockbuster success.^{[7] [8]} A multi-award winner, M.C. Hammer is considered a "forefather/pioneer" and innovator^[9] of pop rap (incorporating elements of freestyle music), and is the first hip hop artist to achieve diamond status for an album.^{[10] [11] [12]}

Throughout his career, Hammer has managed his own recording business and created independent record labels such as Bust It Records, Oaktown Records, Full Blast Digital Music Group and World Hit Records. He has introduced, signed and produced new talent (his own acts collaborating with him and producing music of their own during his career)^[13] including: Oaktown's 3.5.7, Common Unity, DRS, the vocal quintet Special Generation, Analise,^[14] James Greer, One Cause One Effect, DASIT (as seen on Ego Trip's The (White) Rapper Show),^[15] Teabag, Dom Kimberley, Geeman,^[16] Pleasure Ellis,^[17] B Angie B, The Stooge Playaz, Ho Frat Hoo!^[18] and Wee Wee, among others. A part of additional record labels, he has associated/collaborated/recorded with: VMF, Tupac Shakur, Teddy Riley, Felton Pilate, Tha Dogg Pound, Whole 9,^[19] Deion Sanders, Big Daddy Kane, BeBe & CeCe Winans and Jon Gibson (or J.G.), among others.

Before Hammer's successful career (and his "rags-to-riches-to-rags-and-back saga"),^[20] Burrell formed a Christian rap group known as the Holy Ghost Boy(s) with Gibson, producing songs such as "Word",^[21] "B-Boy Chill"^[22] and "Stupid Def Yal" (1987).^[23] Additionally, "The Wall" featured Hammer^[24] (it was originally within this song that he first identified himself as K.B. and then M.C. Hammer before its release),^{[25] [26]} which was later released on Gibson's album Change of Heart (1988).^[27] This was CCM's first rap hit by a blue-eyed soul singer and/or duo.^[28] "Son of the King" showed up on Hammer's debut album Feel My Power (1986), as well as the re-released version Let's Get It Started (1988).^{[29] [30]} Burrell and Tramaine Hawkins previously performed with Gibson's band in several concerts at various venues, such as the Beverly Theatre in Beverly Hills.^[31]

At about the age of 12, Oakland native Keyshia Cole recorded with Hammer and sought career advice from him.^{[32] [33] [34] [35]} In 1992, Doug E. Fresh was signed to Hammer's Bust It Records label. Hammer signed with Suge Knight's Death Row Records in 1995.^[36]

In late 2012, Hammer appeared with Psy at the 40th American Music Awards and during Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve performing a mashup of "Gangnam Style" and "2 Legit 2 Quit" together, which was released on iTunes.^[37] Hammer released "Raider Nation (Oakland Raiders Anthem)" along with a video in late 2013 and "All in My Mind" (which samples "Summer Breeze" by The Isley Brothers) in early 2014, with his newly formed group Oakland Fight Club (featuring Mistah F.A.B.).^{[38] [39] [40]}

Albums

Studio albums

Title! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:16em;"

Album details	Peak chart positions										Certifications
US [41]	US R&B [42]	AUS [43] [44]	AUT [45]	CAN [46]	GER [47]	NLD [48]	NZ [49]	SWI [50]	UK [51]
Feel My Power	Released: August 13, 1986 Label: Bustin' Track	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Let's Get It Started	Released: September 28, 1988 Label: EMI, Capitol	30	1	188	39	—	42	—	39	19	46	RIAA: 2× Platinum[52]
Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em	Released: February 12, 1990 Label: EMI, Capitol	1	1	5	15	1	14	15	2	11	8	RIAA: 10× Platinum (Diamond) ARIA: Platinum[53] BPI: 2× Platinum[54] BVMI: Gold[55] IFPI SWI: Gold[56] MC: 8× Platinum[57] RIANZ: Platinum [58]
Too Legit to Quit	Released: October 29, 1991 Label: EMI, Capitol	2	3	84	—	15	49	—	14	—	41	RIAA: 3× Platinum BPI: Silver[59] MC: 2× Platinum[60]
The Funky Headhunter	Released: March 1, 1994 Label: Giant, Warner Bros.	12	2	192	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	RIAA: Platinum
Inside Out	Released: September 12, 1995 Label: Giant	119	23	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Family Affair	Released: June 23, 1998 Label: Oaktown, Nujam	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Note: While with Death Row Records, an unreleased album called Too Tight was produced in 1996. A digital release was produced between 2008 and 2009 called DanceJamtheMusic.

Independent albums

Title! scope="col"

Album details
Active Duty	Released: November 20, 2001 Label: World Hit
Full Blast	Released: January 31, 2004 Label: Full Blast Music Group
Look Look Look	Released: July 4, 2006 Label: Full Blast Music Group
DanceJamtheMusic	Released: January 1, 2009 Label: Full Blast Music Group

Compilation albums

Title	Year
Greatest Hits	1996
Back 2 Back Hits	1998
The Hits	2000
Platinum MC Hammer	2008
Icon	2014

Note: Back 2 Back Hits was originally released in 1998 for CEMA and was re-released in 2006 for Capitol Records.

Singles

Year	Single	Peak chart positions										Certifications	Album
		US [61]	US R&B [62]	US Dan [63]	AUS [64]	CAN [65]	NLD	NZ	SWE [66]	SWI	UK [67]
1987	"Ring 'Em"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Feel My Power
1988	"Let's Get It Started"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"Pump It Up"	—	46	40	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Let's Get It Started
1989	"Turn This Mutha Out"	—	12	34	—	—	—	31	—	—	—
	"They Put Me in the Mix"	—	40	40	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"You've Got Me Dancing" (with Glen Goldsmith)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		From the Glen Goldsmith album Don't Turn This Groove Around
1990	"U Can't Touch This"	8	1	6	1	8	1	1	1	2	3	RIAA: 4× Platinum BPI: Platinum	Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em
	"Have You Seen Her"	4	4	—	42	—	2	4	18	12	8	RIAA: Gold
	"Pray"	2	4	3	7	14	3	2	18	10	8	RIAA: Gold
	"Here Comes the Hammer"	54	15	29	37	—	19	6	—	—	15
	"Help the Children"	—	12	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
1991	"Yo	Sweetness"	—	—	—	149	—	—	—	—	—	16
	"(Hammer Hammer) They Put Me in the Mix"	—	40	—	149	—	—	—	—	—	20		non-album single (remix)
	"2 Legit 2 Quit"	5	3	18	43	37	39	4	—	—	60	RIAA: Platinum	Too Legit to Quit
	"Addams Groove"	7	15	10	12	67	16	9	31	21	4	RIAA: Gold
1992	"Do Not Pass Me By" (with Tramaine Hawkins)	62	15	—	—	—	28	42	—	—	14
	"This Is the Way We Roll"	86	20	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
1994	"Pumps and a Bump"	26	21	34	—	—	—	41	—	—	—		The Funky Headhunter
	"It's All Good"	46	14	—	136	—	—	17	—	—	52
	"Don't Stop"	—	63	41	—	—	—	—	—	—	72
1995	"Straight to My Feet" (with Deion Sanders)	—	—	—	175	—	—	—	—	—	57		Street Fighter (soundtrack)
	"Sultry Funk"	—	59	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Inside Out
	"Keep On"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"Going Up Yonder"	—	38	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
1996	"Too Late Playa" (with Tupac Shakur, Big Daddy Kane, Nuttso & Danny Boy)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Too Tight
1997	"He Brought Me Out"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Family Affair
1998	"Unconditional Love"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2001	"No Stoppin' Us (USA)"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Active Duty
	"Pop Yo Collar"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2004	"Full Blast"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Full Blast
2006	"Look 3x"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		Look Look Look
	"Hyphy, Dumb, Buck, Krump"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"YAY"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"I Got It from the Town"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"What Happened to Our Hood?"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2007	"Bring Our Brothers Home"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		non-album single
2008	"Getting Back to Hetton"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		DanceJamtheMusic
	"I Got Gigs"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"I Go"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"Keep It in Vegas"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"Lookin' Out the Window"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"Dem Jeans"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"Stooge Karma Sutra"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	"Tried to Luv U"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2010	"Better Run Run"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		non-album singles
2011	"See Her Face"	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2012	"Gangnam Style"/"2 Legit 2 Quit" (mashup)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—		non-album single (remix)
"—" denotes releases that did not chart

Note: Music videos were produced for "Let's Get It Started", "Pump It Up (Here's the News)", "Turn This Mutha Out", "(Hammer, Hammer) They Put Me in the Mix", "You've Got Me Dancing" (with Glen Goldsmith), "U Can't Touch This", "Have You Seen Her", "Pray" (including remixes), "Help the Children", "Too Legit to Quit", "Addams Groove", "Do Not Pass Me By" (with Tramaine Hawkins), "This Is the Way We Roll", "Pumps and a Bump", "It's All Good", "Too Late Playa", "Sultry Funk", "Keep On", "Going Up Yonder", "No Stoppin' Us (USA)", "Pop Yo Collar" and "Full Blast", among others.

Additional tracks

Other songs with or without music videos released (charting and non-charting) were:

• "Word",^[21] "B-Boy Chill"^[68] (a live performance on YouTube), "Son of the King" (1986), "Stupid Def Yal" (1987)^[69] and CCM's hit song "The Wall" (1988) with Jon Gibson as the Holy Ghost Boy(s).
• "We're All in the Same Gang" (1990) by West Coast Rap All-Stars with video and nominated at the 33rd Annual Grammy Awards for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group in 1991.^[70]
• "The Blood" from the BeBe & CeCe Winans album Different Lifestyles (1991) which peaked at No. 8 on the Christian charts in 1992.
• "This Is the Way We Roll (High Street Mix)" and "Rollin' on Oaktown Style" were B-side tracks in 1992.
• "Unconditional Love" from Family Affair (1998) without video.
• "I Got It from the Town" with video and "What Happened to Our Hood?" (featuring Sam Logan and originally from Active Duty) without video.
• "Hyphy, Dumb, Buck, Krump" and "YAY" (produced by Lil Jon) from Look Look Look (released digitally and via web in 2006) with videos originally via Myspace.
• "Bring Our Brothers Home" (non-album single released between 2006 and 2007) with video.
• "I Got Gigs", "I Go" (produced by Lil Jon), "Keep It in Vegas", "Lookin' Out the Window", "Dem Jeans" (by DASIT), "Stooge Karma Sutra" (by The Stooge Playaz) and "Tried to Luv U" (by DASIT featuring Pleasure Ellis) from DanceJamtheMusic (released digitally and via web download between 2008 and 2009) with some videos.
• "Better Run Run" (non-album single released online October 31, 2010) with video.
• "See Her Face" (non-album track Hammer premiered to the public on The Oprah Winfrey Show via Flipboard on February 3, 2011) without video.
• In late 2012, Hammer appeared with PSY at the 40th American Music Awards and during Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve performing a mashup of "Gangnam Style" and "2 Legit 2 Quit" together, which was released on iTunes.^[37]
• Among other songs, Hammer released "Raider Nation (Oakland Raiders Anthem)" along with a video in late 2013 and "All in My Mind" (which samples "Summer Breeze" by The Isley Brothers) in early 2014, with his newly formed group Oakland Fight Club (featuring Mistah F.A.B.).^{[38] [39] [40]}
• Hammer released an updated version of his 1990 charting song "Help the Children" with a short film video in late 2017.^[71]

Some singles have also appeared on other compilation albums, such as "Pump It Up (Here's the News)" and "U Can't Touch This". With exception to later remixes of early releases, Hammer produced and recorded many rap songs that were originally not made public, yet are now available on the Internet.^[72]

Roll Wit It Entertainment

A sports fan, Hammer launched a new enterprise called Roll Wit It Entertainment & Sports Management,^[73] between albums Too Legit to Quit (1991) and The Funky Headhunter (1994). Clients included Evander Holyfield, Deion Sanders and Reggie Brooks.

In 1993, Hammer's production company released Gangsta Lean by DRS.^{[74] [75]} The hit single from this album, "Gangsta Lean", spent six weeks at No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and peaked at No. 4 on the US Billboard Hot 100.^{[76] [77]} The single sold over 2.5 million copies.

Accolades

M.C. Hammer's chronological summary of accolades/awards and recognitions/nominations are as follows:^[78]

• September 1989: The video for "Turn This Mutha Out" was nominated for a MTV Video Music Award for Best Rap Video.
• January 1990: Won two American Music Awards for Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Artist and Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album (Let's Get It Started) and was nominated for Favorite Soul/R&B Album (Let's Get It Started).
• April 1990: Hit the Top 40 with "U Can't Touch This" from the LP Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em.
• May 1990: Hit the Top 10 with "U Can't Touch This".
• July 1990: Hit the Top 40 with "Have You Seen Her".
• August 1990: Hit the Top 10 with "Have You Seen Her".
• September 1990: The video for "U Can't Touch This" won a MTV Video Music Award for Best Rap Video and Best Dance Video and was nominated for Best Male Video, Best Editing, and Best Choreography.
• October 1990: Hit the Top 40 and Top 10 with "Pray".
• November 1990: Hit No. 1 for a week with "Pray".
• Hammer was a 1990 Top Singles Artist of the Year, a 1990 Billboard Hot Single Artist of the Year and was the 1990 Billboard Music Award Artist of the Decade. Another milestone was accomplished for Hammer when his album Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em spent 21 weeks at No. 1, according to Billboard 200, eventually resulting in diamond certification.
• January 1991: Hit the Top 40 with "Here Comes The Hammer". Won five American Music Awards for Favorite Soul/R&B Male Artist, Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Artist, Favorite Soul/R&B Single ("U Can't Touch This"), Favorite Soul/R&B Album and Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album (Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em), and was nominated for Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist and Favorite Pop/Rock Album (Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em).
• February 1991: Won three Grammy Awards including Best Rap Solo Performance and Best R&B Song ("U Can't Touch This") and Best Music Video: Long Form (Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em: The Movie),^[79] and was nominated for Album of the Year (Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em) and Record of the Year ("U Can't Touch This").
• September 1991: The video for "Pray" was nominated for a MTV Video Music Award for Best Choreography and "Here Comes The Hammer" was nominated for Best Special Effects.
• November 1991: Hit the Top 40 with "2 Legit 2 Quit".
• December 1991: Hit the Top 10 with "2 Legit 2 Quit". Hit the Top 40 with "Addams Groove".
• According to ARC Weekly, Hammer ranked the No. 43 Singles Artist of 1991.^[80] He also received a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song ("Addams Groove") in 1991.
• January 1992: Won an American Music Award for Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Artist. Hit the Top 10 with "Addams Groove."
• February 1992: Nominated for another Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance ("Here Comes The Hammer").
• September 1992: Nominated for two MTV Video Music Awards including Best Video from a Film ("Addams Groove") and Best Choreography ("2 Legit 2 Quit").
• Hammer was a 1992 Billboard Hot Single Artist of the Year, and ranked the No. 34 Singles Artist of 1992 according to ARC Weekly.^[81]
• January 1993: Nominated for two Grammy Awards for Best Rap Solo Performance ("Addams Groove") and Best Music Video: Long Form (Hammerin' Home).
• In 1994, Hammer ranked the No. 84 Singles Artist of the Year according to ARC Weekly.^[82]
• March 1994: Hit the Top 40 with "It's All Good".
• April 1994: Hit the Top 40 with "Pumps and a Bump".
• September 1994: Nominated for a MTV Video Music Award for Best Choreography ("Pumps and a Bump").
• In 1999, MTV's 100 Greatest Videos Ever Made included Hammer's "U Can't Touch This" at No. 71.
• In October 2000, VH1's 100 Greatest Dance Songs included Hammer's "U Can't Touch This" at No. 88.
• In May 2001, VH1's 100 Greatest Videos included Hammer's "U Can't Touch This" at No. 59.
• In April 2003, VH1's 50 Greatest Hip Hop Artists included MC Hammer at No. 44.
• In 2004, Hammer was ranked No. 167 on the Top Pop Artists of the Past 25 Years chart.
• In August 2005, the single "U Can't Touch This" was certified gold.
• In April 2007, BET ranked Hammer as the No. 7 "Best Dancer Of All Time".
• In December 2007, VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of the 90s included "U Can't Touch This" at No. 16.
• In August 2008, at the World Hip Hop Dance Championship, Hammer won a Living Legends of Hip Hop Award from Hip Hop International in Las Vegas.^[83]
• In October 2008, Vibes The Best Rapper Ever Tournament declared Hammer the 17th favorite of all-time during the first round.
• During 2008, "U Can't Touch This" ranked as No. 26 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of Hip Hop.^[84]
• In September 2009, Hammer made the "accomplishment appearance" in Zombie Apocalypse for the downloadable Smash TV/Left 4 Dead hybrid for the Xbox 360.^[85]
• With over 2.6 million Twitter followers in 2010, his contribution to social media and as a co-founder of his own Internet businesses (such as DanceJam.com), Hammer was announced as the recipient of the first Gravity Summit Social Media Marketer of the Year Award. The award was presented to him at the 3rd Annual Gravity Summit on February 22, 2011, at the UCLA Covel Commons.^{[86] [87]}
• In December 2011, MuchMoreMusic's Top 100 Big Tunes of the 90s included "U Can't Touch This" at No. 83.^[88]
• Hammer received the George and Ira Gershwin Award for Lifetime Musical Achievement (not to be mistaken for the Gershwin Prize), presented during the UCLA Spring Sing in Pauley Pavilion on May 17, 2013.^[89]

Tours and concerts

Notable tours and concerts include: A Spring Affair Tour (1989), Summer Jam '89 (1989), Please Hammer Don't Hurt 'Em World Tour (1990 & 1991), Lawlor Events Center at University of Nevada, Reno (1990–2017), Too Legit World Tour (1992), Red, White and Boom (2003), The Bamboozle Festival (2007), Hardly Strictly Bluegrass (2008–2013), McKay Events Center^[90] with Vanilla Ice (2009), Illinois State Fair with Boyz II Men (2011), MusicFest (2012), Jack's Seventh Show^[91] at Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre (2012), Kool & the Gang Superjam at Outside Lands (2014) and Hammer's All-star House Party Tour (2019).^{[92] [93] [94] [95]}

Notes and References

1. • Web site: MC Hammer At Six Flags . Events . John Frenaye . Eye On Annapolis . September 8, 2009 . October 5, 2011 .
   • News: Radio: MC Hammer, Sean Sherk, Dave "Pee Wee" Herman . MMAjunkie.com . September 17, 2010 . May 10, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100922110706/http://mmajunkie.com/news/20689/mmajunkie-com-radio-mc-hammer-sean-sherk-dave-pee-wee-herman.mma . September 22, 2010 .
   • Web site: Hammertime - Meet the Family - A&E TV . Aetv.com . May 10, 2011 .
   • Web site: M C Hammer at Harrah's Lake Tahoe - and more Reno/tahoe Shows and Events . Harrahslaketahoe.com . May 10, 2011 .
   • Web site: MC Hammer Named After Baseball Legend . Hip-Hop Media Training . New.music.yahoo.com . Billy Johnson, Jr. . June 4, 2009 . May 10, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090611191037/http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/hiphopmediatraining/116646/mc-hammer-named-after-baseball-legend . June 11, 2009 .
2. Web site: MC Hammer Celebrates 35 Years Married! . March 30, 2020 . Derrick . Lane . December 6, 2022 . blackdoctor.org.
3. Under the Hammer. The New Yorker. August 19, 1996.
4. Web site: Upcoming Drops- Zevi G., MC HAMMER and Yiying Lu | MakersPlace Blog. October 30, 2021.
5. Web site: Gold & Platinum. Recording Industry Association of America.
6. News: Where a Fallen Rap Star Is Still No. 1. The New York Times. June 12, 2009. December 31, 2010.
7. Web site: MC Hammer Best Songs List: Top, New, & Old. AllMusic.
8. Web site: MC Hammer and the Legacy of Oakland's Bust-It Records. March 30, 2022.
9. 'It's Hammer time!' M.C. Hammer: upbeat performer with high-voltage stage show broadens rap's appeal . Ebony . December 1990 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071212205304/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_n2_v46/ai_9177118 . December 12, 2007 .
10. Web site: [{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r27923|pure_url=yes}} Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em: Overview]. AllMusic.
11. Hammertime Holdings Retains OTC Financial Network To Direct Investor Relations Campaign . PR Newswire . March 31, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20030125112446/http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=105&STORY=%2Fwww%2Fstory%2F08-06-2001%2F0001548803 . January 25, 2003 . dead .
12. Cassidy . John . The Talk of the Town: Under the Hammer . The New Yorker . January 7, 2009 . March 31, 2010.
13. Web site: Mchammer.Com . Mchammer.Com . March 31, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100402093529/http://mchammer.com/ . April 2, 2010 .
14. Web site: Hammer - Rhapsody Music Downloads . VH1.com . March 31, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121022023125/http://www.vh1.com/artists/interview/1455917/20020702/mc_hammer.jhtml . October 22, 2012 .
15. Web site: Dasit on Yahoo! Music . https://archive.today/20120729062711/http://new.music.yahoo.com/dasit/ . dead . July 29, 2012 . New.music.yahoo.com . March 31, 2010 .
16. Web site: Family Affair - MC Hammer . Music.aol.com . June 23, 1998 . March 31, 2010 . https://archive.today/20120711211513/http://music.aol.com/album/family-affair/314828 . July 11, 2012 . dead .
17. Web site: "ESPN Mondy Night Football Commercial with MC Hammer And Pleasure Ellis" video at . Dancejam.com . August 18, 2008 . March 31, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100206204026/http://dancejam.com/videos/1054590090-espn-mondy-night-football-commercia . February 6, 2010 .
18. Web site: FNV Newsletter December 15. Daveyd.com.
19. The Funky Headhunter - MC Hammer | Billboard.com . . December 3, 2013 . January 24, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110124061903/http://www.billboard.com/album/m-c-hammer/the-funky-headhunter/151742#/album/m-c-hammer/the-funky-headhunter/151742 . dead .
20. News: MC Hammer opens his home to viewers in new reality show. USA Today. Strauss. Gary. June 11, 2009.
21. Web site: Word - song by MC Hammer . . July 7, 2022.
22. Web site: MC Hammer: B-Boy Chill . https://archive.today/20130105143315/http://new.music.yahoo.com/mc-hammer/tracks/b-boy-chill--54942341 . dead . January 5, 2013 . new.music.yahoo.com .
23. Web site: MC Hammer And The Posse - Stupid Def Yal - Ring 'Em - Artist Info . Music.Metason.Net . July 7, 2022.
24. Web site: MC Hammer Songs - Yahoo! Music . https://archive.today/20130105102604/http://new.music.yahoo.com/mc-hammer/tracks/?artist=mc-hammer&page=2 . dead . January 5, 2013 . New.music.yahoo.com . March 31, 2010 .
25. Web site: Jon Gibson: Soulful Hymns. cdbaby.com. December 3, 2013. November 16, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111116195000/http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/jongibson. dead.
26. Web site: Jon Gibson: Love Education. Amazon. 1997.
27. Web site: Jon Gibson: Change of Heart. music.aol.com. December 3, 2013. https://archive.today/20120714020823/http://music.aol.com/album/change-of-heart/96188. July 14, 2012. dead.
28. Web site: Jon Gibson - Frontline Records. Darren Beckett. Frontlinerecords.us.
29. Web site: MC Hammer 'Let's Get It Started' track listing. rhapsody.com.
30. Web site: Jon Gibson profile. May 7, 2007. soultracks.com.
31. Web site: MC Hammer Tracks. new.music.yahoo.com. track listing.
32. Web site: Hall . Rashaun . Keyshia Cole Has Kanye, Shyne On LP, Proof That Stalking MC Hammer Pays Off News . https://web.archive.org/web/20050125203555/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1494637/20041208/cole_keyshia.jhtml . dead . January 25, 2005 . MTV . December 9, 2004 . May 10, 2011.
33. Web site: March 5, 2009, by J.R. . Keyshia Cole on Chelsea Lately: Talks Tupac, MC Hammer and Kissing! . Hiphoprx.com . March 5, 2009 . May 10, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110926063731/http://www.hiphoprx.com/2009/03/05/keyshia-cole-on-chelsea-lately-talks-tupac-mc-hammer-and-kissing/ . September 26, 2011 .
34. Web site: Q&A: What was it like to work with MC Hammer? Video by Keyshia Cole - AOL Music . Music.aol.com . May 10, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090927162519/http://music.aol.com/video/qanda-what-was-it-like-to-work-with-mc/keyshia-cole/1973322 . September 27, 2009 . dead .
35. Web site: Keisha Cole . Sheknows.com . May 10, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110928074717/http://www.sheknows.com/entertainment/articles/7050/keisha-cole . September 28, 2011 .
36. Web site: Shelved: Tupac and MC Hammer's Promising Collaboration. May 14, 2019. Longreads. en. April 28, 2020.
37. Web site: Gangnam Style / 2 Legit 2 Quit Mashup (feat. MC Hammer) - Single by PSY. iTunes. January 1, 2012.
38. Web site: MC Hammer Blog: OAKLAND FIGHT CLUB. Mc. Hammer. November 2, 2013.
39. Web site: MC HAMMER & THE OAKLAND FIGHTCLUB - "ALL IN MY MIND" - AllHipHop.com. February 2, 2014.
40. Web site: MC Hammer and Oakland Fight Club create a new Raiders Anthem. April 15, 2016. October 6, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161006082735/http://fieldofteams.csnbayarea.com/2013/11/04/hammer-and-oakland-fight-club-create-a-new-raiders-anthem/. dead.
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42. MC Hammer Chart History: Top R&B/Hip-Hop Songs . . July 3, 2020.
43. Web site: Discography MC Hammer . Hung Medien . australian-charts.com . January 21, 2013.
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44. Web site: MC Hammer ARIA Chart History (albums) complete to 2024. ARIA. Imgur.com. July 26, 2024. N.B. The High Point number in the NAT column represents the release's peak on the national chart.
45. Web site: Discographie MC Hammer . Hung Medien . austriancharts.at . January 21, 2013 . German.
46. Peak chart positions for albums in Canada:
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    • Too Legit to Quit: Web site: Top Albums/CDs – Volume 55, No. 4, January 18, 1992 . . . January 21, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121111134814/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.9062&type=1&interval=20&PHPSESSID=sp19smnjn4io5g2nmhli5tdfo5 . November 11, 2012 . dead .
47. Web site: Hammer (Album) . . offiziellecharts.de . June 3, 2017 . German.
48. Web site: Discografie MC Hammer . Hung Medien . dutchcharts.nl . January 21, 2013 . Dutch.
49. Web site: Discography MC Hammer . Hung Medien . charts.nz . January 21, 2013.
50. Web site: Discographie MC Hammer . Hung Medien . swisscharts.com . January 21, 2013 . German.
51. Web site: MC Hammer . . January 21, 2013.
52. United States. Hammer. April 26, 2022.
53. Australia. MC Hammer. album. 1991. November 27, 2021.
54. United Kingdom. MC Hammer. April 26, 2022.
55. Web site: Gold-/Platin-Datenbank: M.C. Hammer . . January 21, 2013 . German . January 23, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160123164015/http://www.musikindustrie.de/gold_platin_datenbank/?action=suche&strTitel=&strInterpret=M.C.+Hammer . dead .
56. Web site: The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (MC Hammer) . Hung Medien . swisscharts.com . January 21, 2013.
57. Web site: Gold and Platinum Search (Hammer) . . January 21, 2013.
58. Web site: Official Top 40 Albums. Recorded Music NZ. December 9, 1990. December 6, 2022.
59. Web site: Certified award search. https://web.archive.org/web/20110604040853/http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx . dead . June 4, 2011.
60. Web site: Hammer CRIA Certifications. CRIA. November 4, 2010.
61. MC Hammer Chart History: Hot 100 . . July 3, 2020.
62. MC Hammer Chart History: Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs . . July 3, 2020.
63. MC Hammer Chart History: Dance Club Songs . . July 3, 2020.
64. Web site: MC Hammer ARIA Chart History (singles) complete to 2024. ARIA. Imgur.com. July 26, 2024. N.B. The High Point number in the NAT column represents the release's peak on the national chart.
65. http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-110.01-e.php?PHPSESSID=sp19smnjn4io5g2nmhli5tdfo5&q1=mc+hammer&q2=Top+Singles&interval=20 Results – RPM – Library and Archives Canada
66. Web site: Discography MC Hammer . swedishcharts.com . July 3, 2020.
67. Book: Roberts, David. 2006. British Hit Singles & Albums. 19th. Guinness World Records Limited . London. 1-904994-10-5. 357.
68. Web site: B-Boy Chill - MC Hammer . . July 7, 2022.
69. Web site: MC HAMMER (THE HOLYGHOST BOY) AND THE POSSE / STUPID DEF YAL / RING 'EM . Source Records . July 3, 2022.
70. Pareles, Jon. "Grammy Nominees Announced". The New York Times, January 11, 1991.
71. 902129555594387460. MCHammer. Working on The "Help The Children" short film. #HelpTheChildren #Hammertime25 #StaplesCenter #Sept8 @Iam360WISE… . August 28, 2017.
72. Web site: MC Hammer Songs - Yahoo! Music . https://archive.today/20121203044811/http://new.music.yahoo.com/mc-hammer/tracks/?artist%5B0%5D=mc-hammer&artist%5B1%5D=mc-hammer&page=1 . dead . December 3, 2012 . New.music.yahoo.com . March 31, 2010 .
73. Web site: D.R.S. Biography, Songs, & Albums. AllMusic.
74. Web site: D.R.S. (4) - Gangsta Lean. Discogs.
75. Web site: DRS - Gangsta Lean: CD - Rap Music Guide. Rapmusicguide.com.
76. Book: Whitburn, Joel . Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004. Joel Whitburn . 2004 . Record Research . 174.
77. Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs . .
78. Web site: Rock On The Net: MC Hammer. Rockonthenet.com.
79. Web site: M.C. Hammer. IMDb.
80. Web site: The ARC Archive: Top Artists of 1991 . Rock On The Net . May 10, 2011.
81. Web site: The ARC Archive: Top Artists of 1992 . Rock On The Net . May 10, 2011.
82. Web site: The ARC Archive: Top Artists of 1994 . Rock On The Net . May 10, 2011.
83. Web site: Hip Hop Living Legends Award to Toni Basil in Las Vegas. blog. May 30, 2009. vbablogger.com.
84. Web site: 100 Greatest Songs of the '90s. https://web.archive.org/web/20120214035830/http://blog.vh1.com/2007-12-13/top-100-songs-of-the-90s . dead . February 14, 2012.
85. Web site: Zombie Apocalypse features MC Hammer Accomplishment . Techorade.com . September 1, 2009 . May 10, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110616012405/http://techorade.com/2009/09/01/zombie-apocalypse-features-mc-hammer-achievement/ . June 16, 2011 .
86. Web site: MC Hammer to Receive Gravity Summit 'Social Media Marketer of the Year' Award . https://web.archive.org/web/20101218151047/http://www.gravitysummit.com/2010/12/mc-hammer-to-receive-gravity-summit-social-media-marketer-of-the-year-award/ . dead . December 18, 2010 . Gravity Summit . December 14, 2010 . May 10, 2011 .
87. Web site: Hip Hop Legend and Twitter Star MC Hammer to Receive Gravity Summit 'Social Media Marketer of the Year' Award at UCLA Event on February 22, 2011 - Online Investment Community . World Market Media . May 10, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110616115627/http://www.worldmarketmedia.com/1876/section.aspx/3019009/hip-hop-legend-and-twitter-star-mc-hammer-to-receive-gravity-summit-social-media-marketer-of-the-year-award-at-ucla-event-on-february-22-2011 . June 16, 2011.
88. Web site: Gusto - Recipes, Cooking Ideas from Canada's Food & Lifestyle Channel.
89. http://alumni.ucla.edu/events/spring-sing/2013/gershwin-awards.aspx Gershwin Award 2013 Recipient
90. Web site: MC Hammer and Vanilla Ice Rock Utah . Newsweek.com . March 16, 2009 . March 31, 2010.
91. Web site: Jack's Seventh Show. The Autism Community in Action (TACA). September 10, 2021. September 10, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210910010100/https://tacanow.org/jacks-seventh-show/. dead.
92. MC Hammer Launching All-Star Hammer's House Party Tour With En Vogue, 2 Live Crew, Coolio & More. Billboard.
93. Web site: "Hammer's House Party Tour" features all your favorite '90s rap acts on one stage. February 27, 2019.
94. Web site: MC Hammer Concert Setlists. setlist.fm.
95. Web site: MC Hammer's Concert & Tour History | Concert Archives. Concertarchives.org.