List of Lushootseed-speaking peoples explained

The Lushootseed-speaking peoples, sometimes known as the Lushootseed people,[1] are a group of peoples Indigenous to the Pacific Northwest who are linguistically related along the Lushootseed dialect continuum.

Lushootseed-speaking groups were traditionally politically autonomous at the local, or village, level, so there was no historical term to refer to all Lushootseed-speaking peoples.[2] Words like or (lit. "Lushootseed peoples" or "Peoples who speak Lushootseed") are sometimes used in modern times.[3]

All historically-attested extended village groups or bands are listed, grouped by modern-day tribal units, sub-units, and further sub-units:

Northern Lushootseed

Northern Lushootseed is spoken by peoples living generally in Island, Skagit, Snohomish, and parts of Whatcom counties. Northern Lushootseed-speaking communities include:

Southern Lushootseed

Southern Lushootseed, otherwise known as Twulshootseed ()[7] is spoken by the various peoples, historical and contemporary, located in King, Pierce, Thurston, Mason, and Kitsap counties. Southern Lushootseed communities include:

Whulshootseed

Whulshootseed (xʷəlšucid) refers to the large subdialect of Southern Lushootseed spoken by the Snoqualmie and Muckleshoot peoples.

See also

References

Bibliography

Notes and References

  1. Miller . Jay . Jay Miller (anthropologist) . 1997 . Back to Basics: Chiefdoms in Puget Sound . Ethnohistory . 44 . 2 . 375–387 . 10.2307/483373 . 483373 . 0014-1801.
  2. Book: Collins, June M. . Valley of the Spirits: The Upper Skagit Indians of Western Washington . 1974.
  3. Book: Waterman, T.T. . sdaʔdaʔ gʷəɬ dibəɬ ləšucid ʔacaciɬtalbixʷ - Puget Sound Geographical Names . Lushootseed Press . 2001 . Seattle.
  4. Book: Richardson . Allan . Nooksack Place Names: Geography, Culture, and Language . Galloway . Brent . UBC Press . 2011 . Vancouver.
  5. Book: Bates . Dawn . Lushootseed Dictionary . Hess . Thom . Hilbert . Vi . University of Washington Press . 1994 . 0-295-97323-4 . Seattle.
  6. Web site: Sauk-Suiattle - Index . 2023-09-24 . sauk-suiattle.com.
  7. Web site: Puyallup Tribal Language - Home . 2023-09-24 . www.puyalluptriballanguage.org.
  8. Web site: The Suquamish Tribe – Home of the Suquamish People . 2023-09-24 . en-US.
  9. Smith . Marian W. . 1941 . The Coast Salish of Puget Sound . . 43 . 2 . 197–211 . 10.1525/aa.1941.43.2.02a00050 . 662952 . JSTOR.
  10. News: Hutchinson . Chase . March 1, 2021 . Estuary has new name, honoring tribe; you'll need to watch a video to pronounce it. . The News Tribune . 2023-09-24.
  11. Web site: :: Nisqually Indian Tribe Home Page . 2023-09-24 . www.nisqually-nsn.gov.
  12. Web site: Who We Are – Squaxin Island Tribe . 2023-09-24 . en-US.
  13. Tollefson . Kenneth D. . 1987 . The Snoqualmie: A Puget Sound Chiefdom . Ethnology . 26 . 2 . 124 . 10.2307/3773450 . 3773450 . JSTOR.

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