| Native Name: | Lorraine et Barrois |
| Conventional Long Name: | Lorraine and Barrois |
| Common Name: | Lorraine and Barrois |
| Subdivision: | Government |
| Nation: | Kingdom of France |
| Capital: | Nancy |
| Year Start: | 1766 |
| Year End: | 1790 |
| P1: | Duchy of Lorraine |
| Flag P1: | Arms of Lorraine.svg |
| Border P1: | no |
| P2: | Duchy of Bar |
| Flag P2: | Arms of Duchy of Bar.svg |
| Border P2: | no |
| S1: | Meurthe (department) |
| Flag S1: | Coats of arms of None.svg |
| Border S1: | no |
| S2: | Meuse (department) |
| Flag S2: | Blason département fr Meuse.svg |
| Border S2: | no |
| S3: | Moselle (department) |
| Flag S3: | Blason département fr Moselle.svg |
| Border S3: | no |
| S4: | Vosges (department) |
| Flag S4: | Blason département fr Vosges.svg |
| Border S4: | no |
Lorraine and Barrois (fr|Lorraine et Barrois) was a government of the Kingdom of France, formed in February 1766 from the duchies of Lorraine and Bar upon the death of Stanisław Leszczyński.[1]
King Louis XV of France had negotiated at the preliminaries of Vienna in 1735 "an arrangement by which Francis [III, Duke of Lorraine] received the duchy of Tuscany [...] in exchange for Lorraine, and Stanislaus Leszczynski, the dethroned king of Poland and father-in-law of Louis XV., obtained Lorraine, which after his death would pass to his daughter—in other words, to France."[1] The following year (1736), "by a secret agreement," Stanisław had "abandoned the financial administration of his estates to Louis XV. for a yearly subsidy."[1] Both treaties, however, guaranteed the legislation of Lorraine and Barrois, "the privileges enjoyed by the three orders, and their common law and customs tariffs, which they retained until the French Revolution."[1]
Meanwhile, the Three Bishoprics formed a little government.[1]
Barrois mouvant (composed of the bailiwicks of Bar and Bassigny) was under the jurisdiction of the Parlement of Paris whereas Barrois non-mouvant (i.e. the Bailiwick of Saint-Mihiel) and Lorraine were subject to the Sovereign Court of Lorraine and Barrois,[2] which became the Parliament of Nancy in 1776. There was also a chambre des comptes at Bar-le-Duc.[1]