List of oldest stars explained

The age of the oldest known stars approaches the age of the universe, about 13.8 billion years. Some of these are among the first stars from reionization (the stellar dawn), ending the Dark Ages about 370,000 years after the Big Bang. This list includes stars older than 12 billion years, or about 87% of the age of the universe.

List

Name	Age	Mass	Distance (ly)	Location	Notes
BD+17°3248		~0.8	968	Milky Way halo
2MASS J18082002−5104378	13.53	~0.8	1,950	Milky Way thin disk
	13.4	~0.75	6,000	Milky Way halo or Globular clusters
TOI-157^[1]		0.948	1181	Milky Way	Has one exoplanet
PSR B1620−26	12.7–11.2^[2]	1.35	12,400	Globular cluster Messier 4	Host star of one of the oldest exoplanets.
Gliese 414	12.4^[3]	0.65	38.7	Milky Way disk	Host two exoplanets
BD+44 493	12.1–13.2	0.83	666.3	Milky Way disk
HD 140283	^[4]	0.81	200.5	Milky Way halo	Previously thought to be the oldest known star, at 14.46 Gyr^[5]

Notes and References

Nielsen . L. D. . Brahm . R. . Bouchy . F. . Espinoza . N. . Turner . O. . Rappaport . S. . Pearce . L. . Ricker . G. . Vanderspek . R. . Latham . D. W. . Seager . S. . Winn . J. N. . Jenkins . J. M. . Acton . J. S. . Bakos . G. . July 2020 . Three short-period Jupiters from TESS: HIP 65Ab, TOI-157b, and TOI-169b . Astronomy & Astrophysics . 639 . A76 . 2003.05932 . 2020A&A...639A..76N . 10.1051/0004-6361/202037941 . 0004-6361.
Lacki . Brian C. . Brzycki . Bryan . Croft . Steve . Czech . Daniel . DeBoer . David . DeMarines . Julia . Gajjar . Vishal . Isaacson . Howard . Lebofsky . Matt . MacMahon . David H. E. . Price . Danny C. . Sheikh . Sofia Z. . Siemion . Andrew P. V. . Drew . Jamie . Worden . S. Pete . 2021-12-01 . One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog . The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series . 257 . 2 . 42 . 10.3847/1538-4365/ac168a . free . 2006.11304 . 2021ApJS..257...42L . 0067-0049.
Dedrick . Cayla M. . Fulton . Benjamin J. . Knutson . Heather A. . Howard . Andrew W. . Beatty . Thomas G. . Cargile . Phillip A. . Gaudi . B. Scott . Hirsch . Lea A. . Kuhn . Rudolf B. . Lund . Michael B. . James . David J. . Kosiarek . Molly R. . Pepper . Joshua . Petigura . Erik A. . Rodriguez . Joseph E. . 2021-02-01 . Two Planets Straddling the Habitable Zone of the Nearby K Dwarf Gl 414A . The Astronomical Journal . 161 . 2 . 86 . 10.3847/1538-3881/abd0ef . free . 2009.06503 . 2021AJ....161...86D . 0004-6256.
Tang . Jianling . Joyce . Meridith . 2021-05-01 . Revised Best Estimates for the Age and Mass of the Methuselah Star HD 140283 Using MESA and Interferometry and Implications for 1D Convection . Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society . 5 . 5 . 117 . 10.3847/2515-5172/ac01ca . free . 2105.11311 . 2021RNAAS...5..117T . 2515-5172.
Web site: Hubble finds birth certificate of oldest known star . 2024-06-06 . phys.org . en.