List of mammals of Washington explained

The list of mammals of Washington lists mammalian species that live in the U.S. state of Washington,^{[1] [2]} including 9 introduced mammal species.^[3] The list does not include species found exclusively in captivity.

Opossums

Family: Didelphidae

• Virginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana introduced^[4]

Shrews and moles

Family: Soricidae

• Marsh shrew, Sorex bendirii
• Cinereus shrew, Sorex cinereus
• American pygmy shrew, Sorex hoyi
• Merriam's shrew, Sorex merriami
• Montane shrew, Sorex monticolus
• Preble's shrew, Sorex preblei
• Olympic shrew, Sorex rohweri
• Trowbridge's shrew, Sorex trowbridgii
• Vagrant shrew, Sorex vagrans

Family: Talpidae

• American shrew mole, Neurotrichus gibbsii
• Coast mole, Scapanus orarius
• Townsend's mole, Scapanus townsendii

Bats

Family: Vespertilionidae

• Pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus
• Townsend's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii
• Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus
• Spotted bat, Euderma maculatum
• Silver-haired bat, Lasionycteris noctivagans
• Hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus
• California myotis, Myotis californicus
• Western small-footed myotis, Myotis ciliolabrum
• Long-eared myotis, Myotis evotis
• Keen's myotis, Myotis keenii
• Little brown myotis, Myotis lucifugus
• Fringed myotis, Myotis thysanodes
• Long-legged myotis, Myotis volans
• Yuma myotis, Myotis yumanensis
• Canyon bat, Parastrellus hesperus

Lagomorphs

Family: Ochotonidae

• American pika, Ochotona princeps

Family: Leporidae

• Pygmy rabbit, Brachylagus idahoensis
• Snowshoe hare, Lepus americanus
• Black-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus californicus
• White-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus townsendii
• European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus introduced
• Eastern cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus
• Mountain cottontail, Sylvilagus nuttallii

Rodents

Family: Aplodontiidae

• Mountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa

Family: Sciuridae

• Eastern gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis introduced^[5]
• Western gray squirrel, Sciurus griseus
• Fox squirrel, Sciurus niger
• Douglas squirrel, Tamiasciurus douglasii
• American red squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
• Hoary marmot, Marmota caligata
• Yellow-bellied marmot, Marmota flaviventris
• Olympic marmot, Marmota olympus
• California ground squirrel, Otospermophilus beecheyi
• Golden-mantled ground squirrel, Callospermophilus lateralis
• Cascade golden-mantled ground squirrel, Callospermophilus saturatus
• Columbian ground squirrel, Urocitellus columbianus
• Piute ground squirrel, Urocitellus mollis
• Townsend's ground squirrel, Urocitellus townsendii
• Washington ground squirrel, Urocitellus washingtoni
• Yellow-pine chipmunk, Tamias amoenus
• Coulee chipmunk, Tamias grisescens
• Least chipmunk, Tamias minimus
• Red-tailed chipmunk, Tamias ruficaudus
• Townsend's chipmunk, Tamias townsendii
• Northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus

Family: Castoridae

• American beaver, Castor canadensis

Family: Heteromyidae

• Ord's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys ordii
• Great Basin pocket mouse, Perognathus parvus

Family: Geomyidae

• Mazama pocket gopher, Thomomys mazama
• Northern pocket gopher, Thomomys talpoides

Family: Zapodidae

• Western jumping mouse, Zapus princeps
• Pacific jumping mouse, Zapus trinotatus

Family: Cricetidae

• Sagebrush vole, Lemmiscus curtatus
• Gray-tailed vole, Microtus canicaudus
• Long-tailed vole, Microtus longicaudus
• Montane vole, Microtus montanus
• Creeping vole, Microtus oregoni
• Western meadow vole, Microtus drummondii
• Water vole, Microtus richardsoni
• Townsend's vole, Microtus townsendii
• Southern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys gapperi
• Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus
• Western heather vole, Phenacomys intermedius
• Northern bog lemming, Synaptomys borealis
• Bushy-tailed woodrat, Neotoma cinerea
• Northern grasshopper mouse, Onychomys leucogaster
• Western deer mouse, Peromyscus sonoriensis
• Northwestern deer mouse, Peromyscus keeni
• Western harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys megalotis

Family: Muridae

• House mouse, Mus musculus introduced
• Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus introduced
• Black rat, Rattus rattus introduced

Family: Erethizontidae

• North American porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum

Family: Myocastoridae

• Nutria, Myocastor coypus introduced

Carnivorans

Family: Canidae

• Coyote, Canis latrans
• Gray wolf, Canis lupus
• Gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus
• Red fox, Vulpes vulpes

Family: Ursidae

• American black bear, Ursus americanus
• Brown bear, Ursus arctos
  • Grizzly bear, U. a. horribilis

Family: Otariidae

• Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus
• Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus
• California sea lion, Zalophus californianus

Family: Phocidae

• Northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris
• Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina

Family: Procyonidae

• Raccoon, Procyon lotor

Family: Mephitidae

• Striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis
• Western spotted skunk, Spilogale gracilis

Family: Felidae

• Canada lynx, Lynx canadensis
• Bobcat, Lynx rufus
• Cougar, Puma concolor

Family: Mustelidae

• Sea otter, Enhydra lutris
• North American river otter, Lontra canadensis
• Long-tailed weasel, Neogale frenata
• American mink, Neogale vison
• Fisher, Pekania pennanti
• American ermine, Mustela richardsonii
• Wolverine, Gulo gulo
• Pacific marten, Martes caurina
• American badger, Taxidea taxus

Whales, dolphins and porpoises

Family: Balaenidae

• North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica^[6]

Family: Balaenopteridae

• Minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata
• Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis
• Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus
• Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus
• Humpback whale, Megaptera novaengliae
• Gray whale, Eschrictius robustus

Family: Delphinidae

• Common dolphin, Delphinus delphis
• Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus
• Pacific white-sided dolphin, Lagenorynchus obliquidens
• Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis
• Orca, Orcinus orca

Family: Monodontidae

• Beluga whale, Delphinapterus leucas vagrant^[7]

Family: Phocoenidae

• Harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena
• Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli

Family: Physeteridae

• Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps
• Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima
• Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus

Family: Ziphiidae

• Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii
• Hubbs' beaked whale, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi
• Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri
• Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris

Even-toed ungulates

Family: Antilocapridae

• Pronghorn, Antilocapra americana reintroduced^[8]

Family: Bovidae

• American bison, Bison bison reintroduced^[9]
• Mountain goat, Oreamnos americanus
• Bighorn sheep, Ovis canadensis

Family: Cervidae

• Moose, Alces alces
• Elk, Cervus canadensis
• Mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus
• White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianius
• Caribou, Rangifer tarandus extirpated
  • Boreal woodland caribou, R. t. caribou extirpated

Notes and References

1. https://wdfw.wa.gov/species-habitats/species?species=&category=25383 Species in Washington
2. Book: Larrison, E.J. . 1970 . Washington Mammals: Their Habits, Identification and Distribution . United States:Seattle Audubon Society.
3. Web site: Mammals of Washington . Burke Museum . 2013-10-29.
4. Web site: NatureServe Explorer 2.0 . 2023-01-15 . explorer.natureserve.org.
5. Web site: NatureServe Explorer 2.0 . 2023-01-15 . explorer.natureserve.org.
6. Web site: North Pacific Right Whale . NOAA Fisheries . 2023-01-15.
7. Encyclopedia: Species account: A lone beluga whale visits the Salish Sea . Encyclopedia of Puget Sound . Norman . Stephanie A. . King . Cathy . Lambourn . Dyanna . Veirs . Scott . Dougherty . Michael . Mclean . Casey . Frankfurter . Greg . Parsons . Kim . Cise . Amy Van . Berta . Susan . Garrett . Howard . Brooks . Alisa . Wilkinson . Kristin . April 2022.
8. News: Stepniewski . Andy . Wildlife Moment: Fleet-of-foot pronghorns return to Washington . 2021-06-30 . Yakima Herald Republic . 2021-06-30.
9. News: Ayer . Tammy . After More Than 20 Years, Healthy Bison Herd on Yakama Reservation a Point of Pride . 2018-08-28 . The Chronicle . 2018-08-28.