Extreme points of Canada explained

The northernmost point of land within the boundaries of Canada is Cape Columbia, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut .^{[1] [2]} The northernmost point of the Canadian mainland is Zenith Point on Boothia Peninsula, Nunavut .^[1] The southernmost point is Middle Island, in Lake Erie, Ontario (41°41′N 82°40′W); the southernmost water point lies just south of the island, on the Ontario–Ohio border (41°40′35″N). The southernmost point of the Canadian mainland is Point Pelee, Ontario .^[1] The lowest point is sea level at 0 m,^[3] whilst the highest point is Mount Logan, Yukon, at 5,959 m / 19,550 ft .^[1]

The westernmost point is Boundary Peak 187 (60°18′22.929″N 141°00′7.128″W) at the southern end of the Yukon–Alaska border, which roughly follows 141°W but leans very slightly east as it goes North .^{[4] [1]} The easternmost point is Cape Spear, Newfoundland (47°31′N 52°37′W) .^[1] The easternmost point of the Canadian mainland is Elijah Point, Cape St. Charles, Labrador (52°13′N 55°37′W) .^[1]

Bellow includes a list of extreme and significant points of the geography of Canada.^{[1] [2]} __TOC__

All Canada

• Northernmost point - Cape Columbia, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut 83.1114°N -69.9583°W
• Southernmost point - South point of Middle Island, Ontario, in Lake Erie 41.6814°N -82.6822°W
• Easternmost point - Cape Spear, Newfoundland 47.5236°N -52.6194°W
• Westernmost point - Boundary Peak 187,^[5] Yukon 60.3064°N -141.0019°W

Non-insular (mainland) Canada

• Northernmost point - Zenith Point, Nunavut 72°N -94.6497°W
• Southernmost point - Point Pelee, Ontario 41.9092°N -82.5089°W
• Easternmost point - Cape Saint Charles, Labrador 52.2175°N -55.6208°W
• Westernmost point - Boundary Peak 187,^[5] Yukon 60.3064°N -141.0019°W

Highest points

• Mount Logan^{[6] [7] [8]} Yukon 60.5758°N -140.4028°W — highest Canadian summit at 5959abbr=onNaNabbr=on
• Barbeau Peak,^{[9] [10] [11]} Ellesmere Island, Nunavut 81.9083°N -75.025°W — highest Canadian island summit and highest summit of the Canadian Arctic at 2616abbr=onNaNabbr=on

Lowest points

• Coastline — lowest Canadian surface point at sea level
• Great Slave Lake bottom, Northwest Territories 61.6667°N -114°W — lowest fresh water point of North America at -458abbr=inNaNabbr=in

Islands

• Baffin Island, Nunavut 63.55°N -91°W — most extensive Canadian island at 507451abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Ellesmere Island, Nunavut 81.9267°N -74.9867°W — tallest Canadian island at 2616abbr=onNaNabbr=on
• Island of Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador 49°N -56°W — most extensive Canadian Atlantic island at 108860abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Vancouver Island, British Columbia 49.5°N -155°W — most extensive Canadian Pacific island at 31285abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron, Ontario 45.7667°N -94°W — most extensive lake island on Earth at 2766abbr=inNaNabbr=in

Lakes

• Lake Superior, Ontario 47.75°N -117°W — most voluminous lake of Western Hemisphere at 11600km3
• Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories 61.6667°N -114°W — deepest lake of Western Hemisphere at 614abbr=onNaNabbr=on
• Lake Michigan–Huron, Ontario 45.8167°N -129°W — by some considerations the most extensive lake of Western Hemisphere and the most extensive freshwater lake on Earth at 117400abbr=onNaNabbr=on^[12]
• Nettilling Lake on Baffin Island, Nunavut 66.5°N -120°W — most extensive lake on an island on Earth at 5066abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Lake Manitou on Manitoulin Island in Lake Huron, Ontario 45.7783°N -81.9917°W — most extensive lake on an island in a lake on Earth at 104abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Upper Dumbell Lake on Ellesmere Island Nunavut 82.4667°N -92°W — most northern lake, there are more northern lakes but they are all unnamed and are only shown on detailed maps.

Rivers

• Yukon River, British Columbia, Yukon, and Alaska 62.5986°N -164.7944°W — longest Bering Sea main stem river at 3185abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Nelson River, Manitoba 57.0847°N -92.5022°W — longest Hudson Bay main stem river at 2575abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Columbia River, British Columbia 46.2442°N -124.0581°W — longest Canadian Pacific Ocean main stem river at 2000abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Mackenzie River, Northwest Territories 68.9397°N -136.1728°W — longest Canadian Arctic Ocean main stem river at 1738abbr=inNaNabbr=in
• Saint Lawrence River, Ontario and Quebec 49.6667°N -94°W — longest Canadian Atlantic Ocean main stem river at 965abbr=inNaNabbr=in

Extreme distances

• Greatest driving distance between any two points via the Canadian road network (including the Trans-Canada Highway Ferry): 9262 km from L'Anse Aux Meadows, Newfoundland and Labrador to Tuktoyatuk, Northwest Territories.
• Greatest driving distance between any two points via the Canadian road network (excluding the Trans-Canada Highway Ferry): 9156 km from Old Fort, Quebec to Tuktoyatuk, Northwest Territories.

See also

• Geography of Canada
• Extreme points of North America
• Extreme points of Canadian provinces
• Extreme communities of Canada
• Nordicity
• Remote and isolated community

Notes and References

1. Web site: Toporama. Atlas of Canada. 12 September 2016 . Natural Resources Canada.
2. Web site: Where is Canada in the World? . World Population by Country 2024 (Live) . October 26, 2024.
3. Canada. 21 June 2022 .
4. Web site: 141st Meridian Boundary Points . International Boundary Commission . 20 December 2010 . 17 July 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110717054610/http://www.internationalboundarycommission.org/coordinates/141st.htm . dead .
5. Web site: 141st Meridian Boundary Points . International Boundary Commission . 2010-12-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160313141436/https://www.internationalboundarycommission.org/coordinates/141st.htm . 13 March 2016 . dead.
6. The summit of Mount Logan is the highest point of the Saint Elias Mountains, the Yukon Territory, and all of Canada.
7. Web site: Mount Logan. Geographical Names of Canada. Natural Resources Canada. September 10, 2012. dead. https://archive.today/20130616075424/http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/search/unique_e.php?id=KADTU. June 16, 2013.
8. Web site: Mount Logan. Summits of the World. peakbagger.com. September 10, 2012.
9. The summit of Barbeau Peak is the highest point of Ellesmere Island, the Queen Elizabeth Islands, and Nunavut.
10. Web site: Barbeau Peak. Geographical Names of Canada. Natural Resources Canada. September 10, 2012. dead. https://archive.today/20130616075358/http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/search/unique_e.php?id=OABPE. June 16, 2013.
11. Web site: Barbeau Peak. Summits of the World. peakbagger.com. September 10, 2012.
12. http://www.michigan.gov/deq/0,4561,7-135-3313_3677-15926--,00.html Dept. of Environmental Quality, State of Michigan