List of countries by number of scientific and technical journal articles explained

Those are lists of countries and territories by number of scientific publications in English.

Scopus

Scientific citable documents counts in this table are from journals classified by Scopus.^[1]

Rank	Country	Numbers of scientific publications (2020)
Rank	Country	Total	Per million population
1		744042	527
2		624554	1875
3		198500	2959
4		191590	138
5		174524	2097
6		127502	2159
7		127408	1016
8		121111	3184
9		119195	819
10		112838	1664
11		106614	4109
12		104353	2202
13		91030	1762
14		89241	416
15		71894	863
16		62512	3534
17		53802	635
18		51994	1364
19		49160	181
20		47607	5461
21		43270	4141
22		39201	1677
23		37099	1135
24		36301	1037
25		34575	2976
26		34575	298
27		29982	5110
28		29189	2821
29		29089	231
30		28525	127
31		28365	472
32		27324	3044
33		25204	4654
34		24811	2358
35		24203	3273
36		23078	4232
37		22743	2402
38		21789	3948
39		20830	312
40		20123	1884
41		18711	454
42		17888	434
43		17485	177
44		17137	871
45		16886	3286
46		16581	3309
47		15605	341
48		15537	810
49		15103	296
50		13282	63
51		12168	1250
52		10079	1061
53		9463	259
54		8709	1597
55		8338	710
56		8265	48
57		7968	176
58		7960	1158
59		7814	2010
60		6808	3228
61		6540	587
62		6233	956
63		6141	52
64		5636	51
65		5519	308
66		5425	164
67		5339	279
68		5081	1815
69		4658	1667
70		4249	628
71		4189	136
72		4110	86
73		3810	2865
74		3629	4087
75		3491	99
76		2844	128
77		2555	84
78		2549	3736
79		2547	272
80		2543	562
81		2530	1349
82		2345	502
83		2259	53
84		2256	3554
85		2199	37
86		2088	187
87		2086	86
88		1905	511
89		1902	535
90		1764	174
91		1738	4622
92		1574	474
93		1438	279
94		1397	49
95		1204	230
96		1187	27
97		1175	396
98		1116	71
99		1066	710
100		1064	35
101		1016	1974
102		990	540
103		974	18
104		952	50
105		938	54
106		872	265
107		802	44
108		800	332
109		777	182
110		734	40
111		715	55
112		681	1584
113		674	97
114		662	194
115		651	30
116		625	50
116		625	1006
118		615	23
119		612	216
119		612	20
121		549	211
122		529	34
123		524	205
124		507	76
125		478	175
126		469	522
127		454	38
128		451	356
129		439	5
130		437	320
131		413	15
132		407	55
133		403	24
134		386	68
135		346	33
136		345	37
137		325	16
138		324	34
139		305	42
140		286	9
141		250	2212
142		237	9
143		232	6050
143		232	25
145		230	92
146		220	28
147		211	25
148		204	8
149		200	265
150		189	85
151		185	676
151		168	600
153		156	542
154		147	125
155		146	5
156		141	21
157		138	11
158		130	442
159		127	11
160		125	3193
161		121	2241
162		116	2048
163		115	9
164		111	1119
165		107	16
166		99	46
167		92	6
168		91	238
169		86	20
169		86	219
171		78	1218
172		76	494
173		75	187
174		74	1378
175		72	20
176		70	350
177		69	12
177		69	15
179		68	91
180		67	119
181		66	4
182		62	85
183		60	100
184		58	155
185		57	35
185		57	66
187		52	173
188		50	1484
189		49	114
190		41	31
191		40	3
192		36	453
193		35	36
194		31	280
195		30	284
195		30	301
197		27	410
198		23	232
199		22	198
200		21	292
200		21	1169
202		20	5000
203		18	24
204		17	141
205		15	2
206		14	9
		14	78
		14	282
209		13	43
		13	149
		13	867
212		12	353
213		11	232
213		11	247
215		9	42
216		8	521
217		7	128
218		6	200
219		5	6061
220		4	667
220		4	800
222		3	264
		3	1000
		3	254
		3	1021
226		2	187
227		1	167
		1	666
		1	2500
	World	4236262

Nature Index

See main article: Nature Index.

The countries with the highest share of articles published in scientific journals according to the Nature Index 2024, which is valid for the calendar year 2023.^[2]

The "count" is the total number of articles to which nationals of the country have contributed.The "share" is lower than the count because for each article it is based on the number of nationals who have contributed, divided by the total number of contributors.In many cases the "share" will be much lower than the "count" because the "count" includes articles published by institutions which may have only a very few members of the relevant nationality out of a very large total membership.

Rank	Country or territory	Count	Share	Population	Count per tenmillion people	Share perten million people
1	China	27736	23171.84	1,409,670,000	197	164.38
2	United States	29165	20292.72	335,893,238	868	604.14
N/A	Schengen area	N/A	15618.76	453,324,255	N/A	344.54
3	Germany	9347	4318.69	84,607,016	1105	510.44
4	United Kingdom	8880	3701.99	67,596,281	1314	547.66
5	Japan	5161	2956.75	124,000,000	416	238.45
6	France	5453	2243.92	68,394,000	797	328.09
7	Canada	4239	1702.32	40,769,890	1040	417.54
8		2776	1630.99	51,293,934	541	317.97
9	India	2334	1494.27	1,400,744,000	17	10.67
10	Switzerland	3695	1393.3	8,960,817	4124	1554.88
11	Italy	3653	1313.44	58,972,268	619	222.72
12	Australia	3518	1263.44	26,821,557	1312	471.05
13	Spain	3651	1247.25	48,592,909	751	256.67
14	Netherlands	3231	1153.45	17,967,505	1798	641.96
15	Sweden	2391	769.37	10,549,287	2267	729.31
16	Denmark	1933	652.4	5,961,249	3243	1094.40
17	Israel	1448	611.49	9,880,000	1466	618.92
18	Singapore	1424	542.59	5,917,600	2406	916.91
19	Belgium	1576	471.74	11,820,117	1333	399.10
20		1150	423.67	23,420,442	491	180.90
21	Austria	1391	401.22	9,159,993	1519	438.01
22		915	379.67	146,150,789	63	25.98
23	Poland	1257	331.74	37,620,000	334	88.18
24	Brazil	1102	293.88	203,080,756	54	14.47
25	Finland	947	276.88	5,574,011	1699	496.73
26	Norway	1002	259.01	5,550,203	1805	466.67
27	Czech Republic	875	207.08	10,900,555	803	189.97
28	Portugal	644	137.06	10,467,366	615	130.94
29	New Zealand	496	135.65	5,305,600	935	255.67
30	Saudi Arabia	456	132.74	32,175,224	142	41.26
31	Ireland	632	123.38	5,281,600	1197	233.60
32		285	115.77	84,055,000	34	13.77
33	Chile	618	115.7	19,960,889	310	57.96
34	South Africa	603	104.67	62,027,503	97	16.87
35	Turkey	581	103.93	85,372,377	68	12.17
36	Hungary	496	94.55	9,584,000	518	98.65
37	Argentina	441	85.51	46,654,581	95	18.33
38	Mexico	438	85.22	129,625,968	34	6.57
39	Greece	536	82.79	10,413,982	515	79.50
40	Thailand	368	62.36	66,090,475	56	9.44
41	Slovenia	289	48.81	2,123,103	1361	229.90
42	Pakistan	276	40.28	241,499,431	11	1.67
43	United Arab Emirates	270	37.76	9,282,410	291	40.68
44		115	36.21	100,300,000	11	3.61
45	Croatia	211	34.13	3,855,641	547	88.52
46	Estonia	215	33.58	1,366,491	1573	245.74
47	Ukraine	274	30.35	36,700,000	75	8.27
48	Romania	342	29.58	19,051,562	180	15.53
49	Iceland	113	29.53	383,726	2945	769.56
50	Luxembourg	90	29.49	672,020	1339	438.83
51	Colombia	345	24.2	52,695,952	65	4.59
52	Malaysia	183	21.02	33,379,500	55	6.30
53	Kenya	120	19.95	51,526,000	23	3.87
54	Uganda	80	19.4	45,562,000	18	4.26
55	Cyprus	154	18.58	918,100	1677	202.37
56	Slovakia	214	17.24	5,424,687	394	31.78
57	Egypt	205	17.16	104,462,545	20	1.64
58	Lithuania	135	15.63	2,886,515	468	54.15
59	Indonesia	112	14.14	279,118,866	4	0.51
60	Peru	136	13.17	33,725,844	40	3.91
61	Qatar	92	12.76	2,656,032	346	48.04
62	Bulgaria	197	12.75	6,447,710	306	19.77
63	Ecuador	114	12.55	16,938,986	67	7.41
64	Latvia	100	10.72	1,872,500	534	57.25
65	Ethiopia	61	10.4	107,334,000	6	0.97
66	Bangladesh	73	10.24	169,828,911	4	0.60
67	Serbia	219	9.98	6,641,197	330	15.03
68	Morocco	148	9.19	37,022,000	40	2.48
69		76	9.15	61,741,120	12	1.48
70	Nigeria	60	8.9	223,800,000	3	0.40
71	Ghana	43	8.11	30,832,019	14	2.63
72	Uzbekistan	48	6.97	36,963,262	13	1.89
73	Uruguay	34	6.81	3,444,263	99	19.77
74	Lebanon	41	6.15	5,490,000	75	11.20
75	Panama	41	6.02	4,064,780	101	14.81
76	Malawi	35	5.93	21,507,723	16	2.76
77	Oman	22	5.75	5,113,071	43	11.25
78	Kazakhstan	35	5.43	20,075,271	17	2.70
79	Costa Rica	38	4.92	5,262,225	665	0.00
80	Georgia	190	4.83	3,736,400	509	12.93
81	Philippines	135	4.44	112,892,781	12	0.39
82	Burkina Faso	25	4.41	22,752,315	11	1.94
83	Zambia	32	4.36	19,610,769	16	2.22
84	Armenia	116	4.33	2,993,800	387	14.46
85	Rwanda	19	4.29	13,246,394	14	3.24
86	Mozambique	30	4.11	32,419,747	9	1.27
87	Jordan	21	4.1	11,516,000	18	3.56
88	Nepal	40	3.99	29,164,578	14	1.37
89	Zimbabwe	29	3.75	15,178,979	19	2.47
90	Congo	28	3.51	95,370,000	3	0.37
91	Mali	15	3.44	22,395,489	7	1.54
92	Malta	31	3.31	519,562	597	63.71
93		26	3.03	1,832,696	142	16.53
94	Gambia	21	2.93	2,417,471	87	12.12
N/A	Central America-4	N/A	2.89	40,514,214	N/A	0.71
95	Cuba	49	2.83	11,089,511	44	2.55
96	Belarus	17	2.73	9,200,617	18	2.97
97	Tunisia	17	2.73	11,850,232	14	2.30
98	Azerbaijan	135	2.72	10,151,517	133	2.68
99	Mongolia	77	2.57	3,457,548	223	7.43
100	Myanmar	16	2.48	55,770,232	3	0.44
101	Madagascar	17	2.4	26,923,353	6	0.89
102	Cameroon	27	2.35	28,088,845	10	0.84
103	Sri Lanka	84	2.22	22,037,000	38	1.01
104		4	2.22	25,660,000	2	0.87
105	Senegal	13	2.22	18,275,743	7	1.21
106	Botswana	15	1.9	2,410,338	62	7.88
107	French Polynesia	12	1.86	279,890	429	66.45
108	Cambodia	8	1.79	17,091,464	5	1.05
109	Benin	17	1.78	12,606,998	13	1.41
110		19	1.69	29,389,150	6	0.58
111	Monaco	12	1.63	38,367	3128	424.84
112	International	18	1.57	8,104,267,000	0	0.00
113	Nicaragua	8	1.4	6,733,763	12	2.08
114	Algeria	7	1.38	45,400,000	2	0.30
115	Liberia	8	1.34	5,248,621	15	2.55
116	Guatemala	19	1.26	17,602,431	11	0.72
117	Namibia	11	1.25	3,022,401	36	4.14
118		20	1.24	28,302,000	7	0.44
119	Kuwait	75	1.23	4,670,713	161	2.63
120	Greenland	10	1.16	56,865	1759	203.99
121		17	1.12	12,006,031	14	0.93
122	Vanuatu	3	1.05	301,295	100	34.85
123	Haiti	11	1	11,743,017	9	0.85
124		1	1	22,923,000	0	0.44
125	Iraq	12	0.99	43,324,000	3	0.23
126	Sierra Leone	6	0.79	8,494,260	7	0.93
127	Paraguay	9	0.78	6,109,644	15	1.28
128	Niger	5	0.76	25,369,415	2	0.30
129	Mauritius	10	0.66	1,261,041	79	5.23
130		9	0.64	7,443,000	12	0.86
131	Guinea-Bissau	1	0.58	1,781,308	6	3.26
132	Togo	6	0.51	8,095,498	7	0.63
133	Lesotho	5	0.51	2,306,000	22	2.21
134	Kyrgyzstan	6	0.48	7,100,000	8	0.68
135	Tajikistan	4	0.47	10,077,600	4	0.47
136	Angola	5	0.44	34,094,077	1	0.13
137	Jamaica	7	0.41	2,825,544	25	1.45
138		50	0.41	5,483,450	91	0.75
139		3	0.39	1,762,220	17	2.21
140		1	0.36	14,746,494	1	0.24
141	Bahamas	4	0.36	397,360	101	9.06
142	Sudan	7	0.35	41,984,500	2	0.08
143	Dominican Republic	9	0.34	10,760,028	8	0.32
144	Somalia	2	0.34	18,143,379	1	0.19
145	Seychelles	10	0.32	100,447	996	31.86
146		8	0.32	2,512,758	32	1.27
147	Guinea	3	0.3	13,261,638	2	0.23
148	Bahrain	6	0.29	1,577,059	38	1.84
149	Fiji	6	0.29	893,468	67	3.25
150	Eritrea	2	0.29	3,748,902	5	0.77
151	Yemen	4	0.29	31,888,698	1	0.09
152	Reunion	5	0.28	885,700	56	3.16
153	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	3	0.24	110,872	271	21.65
154	Andorra	5	0.24	85,101	588	28.20
155	Antigua and Barbuda	3	0.23	100,772	298	22.82
156		7	0.23	445,400	157	5.16
157	Maldives	3	0.2	515,132	58	3.88
158	Papua New Guinea	6	0.18	11,781,559	5	0.15
159		3	0.17	1,354,662	22	1.25
160	Trinidad and Tobago	7	0.17	1,367,510	51	1.24
161	Cape Verde	6	0.15	491,233	122	3.05
162	Afghanistan	1	0.14	34,262,840	0	0.04
163	Montenegro	60	0.14	616,695	973	2.27
164	Honduras	34	0.12	9,745,149	35	0.12
165	Albania	7	0.12	2,761,785	25	0.43
166	El Salvador	5	0.11	6,884,888	7	0.16
167	Liechtenstein	4	0.1	40,023	999	24.99
168	Martinique	1	0.1	349,925^[3]	29	2.86
169	Vatican City State (Holy See)	5	0.09	764	65445	1178.01
170	Swaziland	2	0.09	1,223,362	16	0.74
171	Guadeloupe	2	0.09	378,561	53	2.38
172	Bosnia and Herzegovina	7	0.09	3,277,082	21	0.27
173	Palau	2	0.08	16,733	1195	47.81
174	Tonga	2	0.07	100,179	200	6.99
175	Guyana	7	0.07	743,699	94	0.94
176	Libya	2	0.07	6,931,061	3	0.10
177	Samoa	7	0.06	205,557	341	2.92
178	Bhutan	3	0.06	770,276	39	0.78
179	Faroe Islands	2	0.05	54,547	367	9.17
180	Grenada	2	0.05	112,579	178	4.44
181	Comoros	1	0.05	758,316	13	0.66
182	Burundi	2	0.02	12,837,740	2	0.02
183	Barbados	5	0.02	267,800	187	0.75
184	Suriname	3	0.02	616,500	49	0.32
185	Saint Lucia	1	0.01	47,195	56	0.56
185	Saint Kitts and Nevis	1	0.01	178,696	212	2.12
186	Gabon	2	0.01	2,233,272	9	0.04
187	Kiribati	1	0.01	120,740	83	0.83
188		1	0	337,617	30	0.00
189	Dominica	1	0	67,408	148	0.00
190	Solomon Islands	2	0	734,887	27	0.00
191	Cook Islands	1	0	15,040	66	0.00
192	San Marino	1	0	33,916	295	0.00
193	Belize	1	0	397,483	25	0.00
193	Turkmenistan	1	0	7,057,841	1	0.00