Outline of anarchism explained

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to anarchism:

Nature

See main article: Anarchism.

Schools of thought

• Mutualism^[1]
• Individualist anarchism^[2]
  • • • • • • Philosophical anarchism Egoist anarchism Illegalism
            • Anarcho-naturism Social anarchism Collectivist anarchism Anarchist communism^[3]
    • Magonism

• Anarcha-feminism^[4]
• Green anarchism^[5]
  • Anarcho-primitivism
  • Social ecology
• Anarcho-pacifism
• Insurrectionary anarchism
• Religious anarchism
  • Buddhist anarchism
  • Christian anarchism
  • Jewish anarchism
• Anarchism without adjectives

• Black anarchism
• Crypto-anarchism
  • • Market anarchism Postcolonial anarchism Post-anarchism^[6]
• Post-left anarchy
• Queer anarchism
• Anarcho-transhumanism

Organizational forms

• • Platformism Synthesis anarchism
• Anarcho-syndicalism^[7]

History

Timeline of major events

Historic precedents and background events (pre-1840)

• 1793 – William Godwin publishes Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, implicitly establishing the philosophical foundations of anarchism.^[8]
• 1827 – Josiah Warren opens the Cincinnati Time Store, an early experiment in mutualist economics.

Early stages (1840-1870)

• 1840 – Pierre-Joseph Proudhon publishes What Is Property? and becomes history's first self-proclaimed anarchist.
• 1844 – The Ego and Its Own published by Max Stirner.
• 1845 – Ramón de la Sagra founds the first anarchist journal in Spain.
• 1850 – Anarchist Manifesto published by Anselme Bellegarrigue.
• 1864 – International Workingmen's Association (IWA) founded.^[9]
• 1867–69 – Julio López Chávez revolt in Mexico.

Classical era (1870–1913)

• 1870–71 – Paris Commune, Lyon Commune and Besançon Commune in France.
• 1872 – Hague Congress in the Netherlands.
• 1872 – St. Imier Congress in Switzerland.
• 1873–74 – Cantonal rebellion and Petroleum Revolution in Spain.
• 1874 – Bologna insurrection in Italy.
• 1877 – Matese insurrection in Italy.
• 1878 – Assassination attempt against Kaiser Wilhelm I by Max Hödel.
• 1882–83 – Mano Negra affair in Spain.
• 1886 – Strike of 1886 in Belgium.
• 1886 – Haymarket affair in the USA. Leads to International Workers' Day/May Day.
• 1887 – Sociedad Cosmopolita de Resistencia y Colocación de Obreros Panaderos established in Argentina.
• 1891 – Clichy Affair in France.
• 1892 – The Conquest of Bread by Peter Kropotkin is published.
• 1892 – Jerez uprising in Spain.
• 1892 – Walsall Anarchists in Britain.
• 1893 – Liceu bombing in Spain.
• 1894 – Lunigiana revolt in Italy.
• 1894 – Omladina Trial in the Austro-Hungarian empire.
• 1894 – Assassination of French President Sadi Carnot by Sante Geronimo Caserio.
• 1894 – Trial of the Thirty in France.
• 1896 – Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing and Montjuïc trial in Spain.
• 1897 – Assassination of Spanish PM Antonio Cánovas del Castillo.
• 1898 – Assassination of Empress Elisabeth of Austria.
• 1900 – Assassination of King Umberto I of Italy.
• 1901 – Assassination of US President William McKinley.
• 1903 – Strandzha Commune in the Ottoman Empire.
• 1903 – Immigration Act of 1903 in the USA.
• 1907 – International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam in the Netherlands.
• 1907 – Tenants' strike in Argentina.
• 1908 – Red Flag Incident in Japan.
• 1909 – Assassination of Chief of Police Ramón Lorenzo Falcón.
• 1909 – Francisco Ferrer executed in Spain.
• 1910–11 – High Treason Incident in Japan.
• 1911 – Magonista rebellion in Mexico.
• 1912 – Assassination of Spanish PM José Canalejas y Méndez.
• 1912–27 – The Diligent Work-Frugal Study Movement in China and France.
• 1913 – Assassination of George I of Greece.

World War I, Interwar period and World War II (1914 – 1945)

• 1916 – Manifesto of the Sixteen published.
• 1916 – Serifos miners strike in Greece.
• 1917–21 – the Makhnovshchina is active in Ukraine.
• 1918–20 – Constitution Protection Region of Southern Fujian in China.
• 1918 – Explosion in Leontievsky Lane in Russia.
• 1918 – First Republic of Pińczów established in Poland.
• 1918 – Rio de Janeiro anarchist insurrection in Brazil.
• 1919 – Tragic Week in Argentina.
• 1919 – La Canadenca strike in Spain.
• 1919 – United States anarchist bombings.
• 1919–20 – First Red Scare and Palmer Raids in the USA.
• 1919–20 – Biennio Rosso in Italy.
• 1920–22 – Patagonia Rebelde and La Forestral massacre in Argentina.
• 1920 – Wall Street bombing in the USA.
• 1921 – Assassination of Spanish PM Eduardo Dato.
• 1923 – Kantō Massacre and Amakasu Incident in Japan.
• 1926 – Gino Lucetti attempts to assassinate Benito Mussolini in Italy.
• 1926–28 – Severino Di Giovanni bombing campaign in Argentina.
• 1927 – Sacco and Vanzetti executed in the USA.
• 1929–31 – Korean People's Association in Manchuria in China.
• 1931 – Taking of Encarnación in Paraguay.
• 1932 – Alt Llobregat insurrection in Spain.
• 1933 – Anarchist insurrection of January 1933 and Casas Viejas incident in Spain.
• 1933 – Anarchist insurrection of December 1933 in Spain.
• 1934 – Erich Mühsam murdered in a Nazi concentration camp.
• 1934 – Asturian miners' strike of 1934 in Spain.
• 1936–39 – the Spanish Civil War and Spanish Revolution.^[10]
• 1937 – May Days in Spain.
• 1943 – Carlo Tresca assassinated in the USA.

Cold War era (1946 – 1989)

• 1955 – Pierre Morain becomes the first French activist jailed for supporting Algerian independence.
• 1968 – May 68 in France.^[11]
• 1969 – Piazza Fontana bombing and death of Giuseppe Pinelli in Italy.
• 1970 – Barracks anarchists killed in Italy.
• 1971 – Chomsky–Foucault debate the Netherlands.
• 1978 – Scala case in Spain.
• 1980 – Faurisson affair in France.
• 1980 – Wanganui Computer Centre bombing in New Zealand.
• 1982 – Litton Industries bombing in Canada.
• 1986 – Battle of Ryesgade in Denmark.

Post-Cold War era resurgence (1990 – present)

• 1994–2020 – Zapatista uprising and Chiapas conflict in Mexico.
• 1999 – Murder of Björn Söderberg in Sweden.
• 1999 – Seattle WTO protests in the USA.
• 2001 – Katie Sierra free speech case in the USA.
• 2006 – 4F case in Spain.
• 2008 – Tarnac Nine arrested in France.
• 2008 – Greek riots.
• 2011 – Occupy movement begins.
• 2012 – Rojava conflict begins.
• 2016 – Audrey Tang appointed Minister without portfolio in Taiwan.
• 2017 – Catalan general strike in Spain.
• 2018 – Arkhangelsk FSB office bombing in Russia.
• 2019 – Tacoma attack in the USA.
• 2023 – Killing of Tortuguita in the USA.
• 2024 – Self-immolation of Aaron Bushnell in the USA.

History by region

See main article: List of anarchist movements by region.

Historians

• Paul Avrich
• David Goodway
• Daniel Guérin
• Peter Marshall
• Max Nettlau
• George Woodcock

Historical societies

• Anarchy Archives
• Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme
• Kate Sharpley Library
• Labadie Collection

Organizations

Notable organizations

Others

Structures

• Affinity group (e.g. Black bloc)
• Adhocracy
• Collective
• Cooperative
• Federation
• Participatory organization
• Popular assembly
• Security culture
• Spokescouncil
• Syndicate
• Union of egoists
• Workers' council

Literature

See also: List of books about anarchism and List of anarchist periodicals.

Manifestos and expositions

(1840–1914)

• Anarchist Manifesto (1850) by Anselme Bellegarrigue
• The General Idea of the Revolution in the Nineteenth Century (1851) by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
• The Principles of Anarchism by Lucy Parsons
• The Soul of Man under Socialism (1891) by Oscar Wilde
• The Conquest of Bread (1892) by Peter Kropotkin
• Anarchy Defended by Anarchists (1896) by Emma Goldman and Johann Most

(1914–1984)

• (1965) by Daniel Guérin

(1985–present)

• Listen, Anarchist! (1987) by Chaz Bufe
• Anarchy Alive! (2007) by Uri Gordon
• The Government of No One: The Theory and Practice of Anarchism (2019) by Ruth Kinna

See also: List of anarchist musicians and List of Jewish anarchists.

Non-anarchists influential on anarchism

Places named after anarchists

• Action Directe (climb), Germany
• Anarchist Mountain, Canada
• Collège Louise-Michel in Paris, France
• Doctor Moisés Bertoni, Paraguay
• Dorothy Day homeless shelter, United States
• Eloxochitlán de Flores Magón, Mexico
• Fred Hollows Reserve, Australia
• Haymarket Martyrs' Monument, USA
• Georg von Rauch Haus, Germany
• Golets Kropotkin, Russia
• Louise Michel station, France
• Kropotkin, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
• Kropotkin, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
• Kropotkin Range, Russia
• Kropotkinskaya, Russia
• Medical University of Varna "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Bulgaria
• Metropolitan Ervin Szabó Library, Hungary
• Mount Kropotkin, Antarctica
• Parc Georges-Brassens, France
• Práxedis G. Guerrero Municipality, Mexico
• Práxedis Gilberto Guerrero, Chihuahua, Mexico
• Red Emma's, United States
• Ricardo Flores Magón metro station, Mexico
• Scientific Monument Moises Bertoni, Paraguay
• Soviet monitor Zhelezniakov, Ukraine
• Teotitlán de Flores Magón, Mexico
• Tolstoy, United States

Related philosophies

• • • Absurdism Communalism Democratic confederalism
      • • • • Existentialism Inclusive Democracy Libertarian Marxism Libertarian socialism Neozapatismo Nihilism Panarchism^[12]
• Voluntaryism

See also

• Anti-globalization/Globalization
• Anti-fascism
• Anti-war
• Civil rights
• Labour movement
• Tax resistance

Further reading

• Encyclopedia: Caplan . Bryan. Bryan Caplan. Ronald . Hamowy . Ronald Hamowy . The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism . Anarchism . 2008 . SAGE. Thousand Oaks, CA . 978-1-4129-6580-4 . 750831024. 2008009151 . 10–13 .

External links

• "Anarchism", entry from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, (1910) by Peter Kropotkin.

Notes and References

1. Book: Wilbur, Shawn P.. 2019. Mutualism. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_11. 978-3-319-75619-6. 213–224.
2. Book: Ryley, Peter. 2019. Individualism. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_12. 978-3-319-75619-6. 225–236.
3. Book: Turcato, Davide. 2019. Anarchist Communism. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_13. 978-3-319-75619-6. 237–248.
4. Book: Kowal, Donna M.. 2019. Anarcha-Feminism. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_15. 978-3-319-75619-6. 265–280.
5. Book: Price, Andy. 2019. Green Anarchism. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_16. 978-3-319-75619-6. 281–292.
6. Book: Newman, Saul. Saul Newman. 2019. Postanarchism. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_17. 978-3-319-75619-6. 293–303.
7. Book: van der Walt, Lucien. Lucien van der Walt. 2019. Syndicalism. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_14. 978-3-319-75619-6. 249–264.
8. [Peter Kropotkin]
9. Book: Graham, Robert. Robert Graham (historian). 2019. Anarchism and the First International. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_19. 978-3-319-75619-6. 325–342.
10. Book: Yeoman, James Michael. 2019. The Spanish Civil War. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_25. 978-3-319-75619-6. 429–448.
11. Book: Berry, David. David Berry (educator). 2019. Anarchism and 1968. Levy. Carl. Carl Levy (political scientist). Adams. Matthew S.. The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism. 10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_25. 978-3-319-75619-6. 449–470.
12. P. E. de Puydt. "Panarchy". First published in French in the Revue Trimestrielle, Bruxelles, July 1860.