List of Muslim feminists explained

This is a list of important participants in Muslim feminism, originally sorted by surname within each period.

It may include, for instance, earlier authors who did not self-identify as feminists but have been claimed to have furthered "feminist consciousness" by a resistance of male dominance expressed in their works.

Early and mid 19th-century feminists

Born between 1801 and 1874.

Name	Country	Born	Died	class= width="600px"	Comments	class=width="20px"	Source
data-sort-value="Faizunnesa, Nawab"	Nawab Faizunnesa	British India (present day Bangladesh)	1834	1903	female education advocate	[1]
data-sort-value="Amin, Qasim"	Qasim Amin	Egypt	1863	1908	early advocate of women's rights	[2] [3]
data-sort-value="Javanshir, Hamida"	Hamida Javanshir	Azerbaijan	1873	1955	women's rights activist, philanthropist	[4]
data-sort-value="Taymur, Aisha"	Aisha Taymur	Egypt	1840	1902	social activist, novelist	[5]
data-sort-value="Topuz, Fatma Aliya"	Fatma Aliye Topuz	Turkey	1862	1936	women's rights activist, novelist	[6]
data-sort-value="Zahawi, Jamil Sidqi al-"	Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi	Iraq	1863	1936	poet, Islamic philosopher
Zaynab Fawwaz	Lebanon	1860	1914	playwright, women's rights activist	[7]

Late 19th-century and early 20th-century feminists

Born between 1875 and 1939.

Name	Country	Born	Died	class= width="600px"	Comments	class=width="20px"	Source
data-sort-value="Ara, Iffat"	Iffat Ara	Bangladesh	1939	–	writer, social activist	[8]
data-sort-value="Badran, Margot"	Margot Badran	United States	1934	-	Middle East historian and recognized scholar of Islamic feminism	[9]
data-sort-value="Brun, Eugénie Le"	Eugénie Le Brun	Egypt		1908		[10]
data-sort-value="Dalwai, Hamid"	Hamid Dalwai	India	1932	1977	Socialist feminist
data-sort-value="Haddad, Tahar"	Tahar Haddad	Tunisia	1897	1935		[11]
data-sort-value="Hamidullah, Zaib-un-Nissa"	Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah	British India	1921	2000	pioneer in (pre)Pakistan	[12]
data-sort-value="Fakeh, Shamsiah"	Shamsiah Fakeh	Malaysia	1924	2008	political leader, Malaysian nationalist	[13]
data-sort-value="Hossain, Hameeda"	Hameeda Hossain	Bangladesh	1936	–	human rights activist, academic	[14]
data-sort-value="Ibrahim, Fatima Ahmed"	Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim	Sudan	1933	2017
data-sort-value="Kartini"	Raden Adjeng Kartini	Indonesia	1879	1904	Javanese advocate for native Indonesian women, critic of polygamous marriages and lack of education opportunities for women
data-sort-value="Kamal, Sufia"	Sufia Kamal	Bangladesh	1911	1999	advocate, nationalist, poet	[15]
data-sort-value="Khalidi, Anbara Salam"	Anbara Salam Khalidi	Lebanon	1897	1986	author	[16] [17]
data-sort-value="Mahmud, Shamsunnahar"	Shamsunnahar Mahmud	Bangladesh	1908	1964	leader of the women's rights movement in Bengal	[18]
data-sort-value="Nasif, Malak Hifni"	Malak Hifni Nasif	Egypt	1886	1918		[19]
data-sort-value="Qabbani, Nizar"	Nizar Qabbani	Syria	1923	1998	poet, progressive intellectual	[20]
data-sort-value="Rifaat, Alifa"	Alifa Rifaat	Egypt	1930	1996	novelist	[21]
data-sort-value="Rokeya, Begum"	Begum Rokeya	Bangladesh	1880	1932	writer, educator	[22] [23] [24]
data-sort-value="Shaarawi, Huda"	Huda Sha'arawi	Egypt	1879	1947	organiser; founder of Egyptian Feminist Union	[25]
data-sort-value="Salem, Hidaya Sultan al-"	Hidaya Sultan al-Salem	Kuwait	1936	2001	writer, campaigner, suffragist	[26] [27]
data-sort-value="Said, Rasuna"	Rasuna Said	Indonesia	1910	1965	political leader, nationalist	[28]
data-sort-value="Nabarawi, Saiza"	Saiza Nabarawi	Egypt	1897	1985	journalist	[29]
data-sort-value="Sobhan, Salma"	Salma Sobhan	Bangladesh	1937	2003	lawyer, academic	[30]
data-sort-value="Yuldasheva, Nurkhon"	Nurkhon Yuldasheva	Uzbekistan	1913	1929	dancer	[31]
[data-sort-value="Chughtai, Ismat"|[[Ismat Chughtai]]||India||1915||1991||novelist, director|||-|Nazira Zain al-Dine|Lebanon|1908|1976|writer, women's rights activist|[32] |} Mid to late 20th-century and notable 21st-century feminists Born from 1940 to present Name Country Born Died class= width="600px" Comments class=width="20px" Source data-sort-value="Abdul-Ghafur, Saleemah" Saleemah Abdul-Ghafur United States 1974 – Global health advocate [33] data-sort-value="Achakzai, Sitara" Sitara Achakzai Afghanistan 1956 2009 leading Afghan women's rights activist, member of the regional parliament in Kandahar [34] data-sort-value="Afghani, Jamila" Jamila Afghani Afghanistan 1974 – women's rights activist, created the first "gender-sensitive training in Afghanistan for Imams" [35] [36] data-sort-value="Afkhami, Mahnaz" Mahnaz Afkhami Iran 1941 – women's rights activist, Minister without portfolio for Women's Affairs, Founder and President of Women's Learning Partnership [37] [38] data-sort-value="Afshar, Haleh" Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar United Kingdom 1944 – professor of politics and women's studies, member of the British House of Lords [39] data-sort-value="Afzal, Nazir" Nazir Afzal United Kingdom 1962 – Public prosecutor and campaigner focusing on violence against women and so-called honour crimes [40] data-sort-value="Ahmed, Leila" Leila Ahmed Egypt 1940 – Writer on Islam and feminism [41] data-sort-value="Ahmed-jan, Safia" Safia Ahmed-jan Afghanistan 1941 2006 Afghan women's rights advocate [42] data-sort-value="Ali, Kecia" Kecia Ali United States 1972 scholar on the study of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) and Women [43] data-sort-value="Alolo, Mariam Alhassan" Mariam Alhassan Alolo Ghana 1957 – female Islamic missionary [44] data-sort-value="Alsoswa, Amat Al Alim" Amat Al Alim Alsoswa Yemen 1958 – journalist [45] data-sort-value="Amara, Fadela" Fadela Amara France 1964 – politician [46] data-sort-value="Anwar, Zainah" Zainah Anwar Malaysia – head of Sisters in Islam [47] data-sort-value="Ateş, Seyran" Seyran Ateş Germany 1963 – lawyer [48] [49] data-sort-value="Barakzai, Shukria" Shukria Barakzai Afghanistan 1970 – politician, journalist [50] data-sort-value="Bari, Farzana" Farzana Bari Pakistan 1952 – human rights activist [51] [52] data-sort-value="Barlas, Asma" Asma Barlas Pakistan 1950 – academics [53] data-sort-value="Bhutto, Benazir" Benazir Bhutto Pakistan 1953 2007 Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and from 1993 to 1996 [54] Zoubeïda Bittari Algerian 1939 – Author of O, My Muslim Sisters, Weep [55] data-sort-value="Carland, Susan" Susan Carland Australia 1978 – academic [56] data-sort-value="Chandrakirana, Kamala" Kamala Chandrakirana Indonesia – human rights activist [57] data-sort-value="Ebadi, Shirin" Shirin Ebadi Iran 1947 – activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner for her efforts for the rights of women and children [58] Sineb El Masrar Germany 1981 – Moroccan-German author and magazine editor [59] data-sort-value="Eltahawy, Mona" Mona Eltahawy Egypt 1967 – journalist [60] data-sort-value="Esack, Farid" Farid Esack South Africa 1959 – Muslim scholar, gender equity commissioner data-sort-value="Eshraghi, Zahra" Zahra Eshraghi Iran 1964 – activist, former government official [61] [62] data-sort-value="Guessous, Soumaya Naamane" Soumaya Naamane Guessous Morocco – sociologist, women's rights activist [63] data-sort-value="Haghighatjoo, Fatemeh" Fatemeh Haghighatjoo Iran 1968 – reformist politician, contributed proposing a bill to join Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women [64] data-sort-value="Hamdad, Mohammad Shafiq" Mohammad Shafiq Hamdam Afghanistan 1981 – Chairman of the Afghan Anti-Corruption Network (AACN) data-sort-value="Hammad, Suheir" Suheir Hammad Jordan 1973 – poet, political activist data-sort-value="Hassan, Riffat" Riffat Hassan Pakistan 1943 – theologian, scholar of the Qur'an [65] data-sort-value="Hilal, Hissa" Hissa Hilal Saudi Arabia – poet [66] data-sort-value="Hussein, Lubna al-" Lubna al-Hussein Sudan – journalist, human rights activist [67] data-sort-value="Ibrahim, Samira" Samira Ibrahim Egypt 1987 – activist [68] data-sort-value="Iryani, Ramziya al-" Ramziya al-Iryani Yemen 1954 – novelist, diplomat [69] [70] data-sort-value="Jeenah, Na'eem" Na'eem Jeenah South Africa 1965 – academic [71] data-sort-value="Kahf, Mohja" Mohja Kahf Syria 1967 – data-sort-value="Kamal, Meena Keshwar" Meena Keshwar Kamal Afghanistan 1956 1987 women's rights activist, founder of Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan [72] [73] [74] [75] data-sort-value="Kamal, Sultana" Sultana Kamal Bangladesh 1950 – activist [76] [77] data-sort-value="Khan, Sadiq" Sadiq Khan United Kingdom 1970 – Mayor of London since 2016 [78] data-sort-value="Khorasani, Noushin Ahmadi" Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani Iran 20th century – data-sort-value="Koofi, Fawzia" Fawzia Koofi Afghanistan 1975 or 1976 – politician, women' rights activist [79] data-sort-value="Koulaei, Elaheh" Elaheh Koulaei Iran 1956 – data-sort-value="Kuriş, Konca" Konca Kuriş Turkey 1961 1999 writer [80] data-sort-value="Lamrabet, Asma" Asma Lamrabet Morocco [81] data-sort-value="Mā'ī, Mukhtār" Mukhtār Mā'ī Pakistan 1972 – advocate for women's rights [82] data-sort-value="Manji, Irshad" Irshad Manji Canada 1968 – [83] data-sort-value="Mashini, Farideh" Farideh Mashini Iran 2012 women's rights activist [84] data-sort-value="Mernissi, Fatema" Fatema Mernissi Morocco 1940 2015 [85] data-sort-value="Mir-Hosseini, Ziba" Ziba Mir-Hosseini Iran 1952 – academic of Islamic law and gender [86] [87] data-sort-value="Mohtashamipour, Fakhrossadat" Fakhrossadat Mohtashamipour Iran – reformist activist, head of women's affairs at the Ministry of Interior [88] data-sort-value="Moussaïd, Ilham" Ilham Moussaïd France 1989 – politician [89] [90] data-sort-value="Neshat, Shirin" Shirin Neshat Iran 1957 – visual artist [91] [92] data-sort-value="Nomani, Asra" Asra Nomani India 1965 – [93] data-sort-value="Noor, Queen of Jordan" Queen Noor of Jordan Jordan 1951 – queen consort of Jordan data-sort-value="Palijo, Ayaz Latif" Ayaz Latif Palijo Pakistan 1968 – politician data-sort-value="Rahnavard, Zahra" Zahra Rahnavard Iran 1945 – academic, politician [94] data-sort-value="Rania, Queen of Jordan" Queen Rania of Jordan Jordan 1970 – queen consort of Jordan data-sort-value="Raza Raheel" Raheel Raza Pakistan 1949 – journalist, activist [95] [96] data-sort-value="Sakhi, Nilofar" Nilofar Sakhi Afghanistan 20th century – human rights activist [97] data-sort-value="Salbi, Zainab" Zainab Salbi Iraq 1969 – humanitarian, CEO of Women for Women International [98] [99] data-sort-value="Sarsour, Linda" Linda Sarsour United States 1980 – Islamist political activist [100] data-sort-value="Satrapi, Marjane" Marjane Satrapi France, Iran 1969 – comic artist [101] data-sort-value="Shaikh, Shamima" Shamima Shaikh South Africa 1960 1998 South African activist, member of the Muslim Youth Movement of South Africa, proponent of Islamic gender equality [102] data-sort-value="Sherkat, Shahla" Shahla Sherkat Iran 1956 – journalist data-sort-value="Sotoudeh, Nasrin" Nasrin Sotoudeh Iran 1963 – human rights lawyer [103] data-sort-value="Tuksal, Hidayet Şefkatli" Hidayet Şefkatli Tuksal Turkey 1963 human rights activist [104] data-sort-value="Usman, Zil-e-Huma" Zil-e-Huma Usman Pakistan 1971 2007 politician, women's rights activist [105] data-sort-value="Wadud, Amina" Amina Wadud United States 1952 [106] data-sort-value="Yade Rama" Rama Yade France 1976 politician, writer [107] data-sort-value="Yassine, Nadia" Nadia Yassine Morocco 1958 [108] data-sort-value="Yousafzai, Malala" Malala Yousafzai Pakistan 1997 – Pakistani activist for female education [109] data-sort-value="Yusuf, Bilkisu" Bilkisu Yusuf Nigeria 1952 2015 journalist, NGO adviser [110] data-sort-value="Yusuf, Kadra" Kadra Yusuf Norway 1980 activist [111] data-sort-value="Mulia, Musdah" Musdah Mulia Indonesia 1960 human rights activist, Islamic scholar, theologian, proponent of Islamic gender equality and LGBTIQ, interfaith activist, one of founders and leaders of ICRP - Indonesian Conference on Religion and Peace Manal al-Sharif Saudi Arabia 1979 women's rights activist [112] Samar Badawi Saudi Arabia 1981 women's rights activist [113] Nassima al-Sadah Saudi Arabia 1974 women's rights activist Rita Puspa Zakaria Indonesia 1967 women's rights activist and health advocate [114] Muslim feminist movements Gerwani Musawah[115] [116] Sister-hood[117] Sisters in Islam[118] Voice of Libyan Women[119] Women's Islamic Initiative in Spirituality and Equality[120] [121] Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan Women Living Under Muslim Laws See also Islamic feminism Women in Islam List of feminists Liberalism and progressivism within Islam Islamo-Leftism Islamic socialism External links National Women's History Project FemBio – Notable Women International

Notes and References

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